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Topic: Ductus venosus

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	Doppler of the Ductus Venosus in Detection of Chromosomal Abnormalities - Figures & Images
		Murta C.G.V., Moron A.F., and Ávila M.A.P.; November 2000; Doppler of the Ductus Venosus in Detection of Chromosomal Abnormalities http://www.obgyn.net/us/cotm/0012/ductusvenosus.htm
		Table 1 - Blood flow velocity in the ductus venosus of normal fetuses and abnormal karyotype fetuses in relation to the NT at 10-14 weeks of gestation.
		5 -Relation between the flow velocity during atrial contraction in the ductus venosus and nuchal translucency thickness at 10-14 weeks of gestation in normal fetuses and abnormal karyotype fetuses.
	www.obgyn.net /us/cotm/0012/ductusvenosus-figures.htm (298 words)

	Time of closure of ductus venosus in term and preterm neonates -- Kondo et al. 85 (1): 57 -- Archives of Disease in ...
		of the ductus venosus in the postnatal adaptation of the neonatal
		Postnatal closure of ductus venosus in preterm infants
		Pharmacological constriction of the newborn ductus arteriosus in hypoxia.
	fn.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/85/1/F57 (1732 words)

	Wikipedia: Fetus
		About half of this enters the ductus venosus and is carried to the inferior vena cava, while the other half enters the liver proper from the inferior border of the liver.
		The umbilical vein and the ductus venosus closes off within two to five days after birth, leaving behind the ligamentum teres and the ligamentum venosus of the liver respectively.
		Infants with certain congenital anomalies of the heart can survive only as long as the ductus remains open: in such cases the closure of the ductus can be delayed by the administration of prostaglandins to permit sufficient time for the surgical correction of the anomalies.
	www.factbook.org /wikipedia/en/f/fe/fetus.html (672 words)

	Assessment of Flow Events at the Ductus VenosusInferior Vena Cava Junction and at the Foramen Ovale in Fetal Sheep by ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		junction of the ductus venosus with the inferior vena cava,
		the junction of the ductus venosus and inferior vena cava, pulsed
		Velocities at the ductus venosus and the inferior vena cava
	circ.ahajournals.org /cgi/content/full/93/4/826 (4536 words)

	Dioxin Receptor Important for Vascular Development - DERT
		The ductus venosus is a vessel that functions during development to shunt blood from the umbilical vein to the heart, bypassing the fetal liver.
		In humans, the ductus venosus is usually closed within a month of birth and normal blood flow to the liver is established.
		The research demonstrates that activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor is necessary for normal closure of the ductus venosus.
	www.niehs.nih.gov /dert/profiles/hilites/2004/dioxvasc.htm (542 words)

	Fetus
		Some of the blood from the right atrium does not enter the left atrium, but enters the right ventricle and is pumped into the pulmonary artery.
		In the fetus, there is a special connection between the pulmonary artery and the aorta, called the ductus arteriosus, which directs most of this blood away from the lungs (which aren't being used for respiration at this point as the fetus is suspended in amniotic fluid).
		Conversely, in cases of patent ductus arteriosus, where the ductus does not properly close, drugs that inhibit prostaglandin synthesis can be used to encourage its closure, so that surgery can be avoided.
	publicliterature.org /en/wikipedia/f/fe/fetus.html (798 words)

	British Journal of Pharmacology - Endothelin-induced constriction of the ductus venosus in fetal sheep: developmental ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The ductus venosus is a fetal shunt that, in connecting the portal sinus with the inferior vena cava, allows a large proportion of well-oxygenated umbilical vein blood to bypass the liver and reach rapidly the central circulation, specifically heart and brain (Edelstone and Rudolph, 1979; Bellotti et al.
		In conclusion, this study demonstrates that ET-1 is a potent constrictor of the ductus venosus, lending itself to a role in the generation of contractile tension and the process of closure of the vessel at birth.
		(1982) The response of the lamb ductus venosus to prostaglandin and inhibitors of prostaglandin and thromboxane synthesis.
	www.nature.com /bjp/journal/v142/n4/full/0705849a.html (6570 words)

	Fetal Medicine Foundation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		METHODS: Ductus venosus Doppler ultrasound blood velocity waveforms were obtained prospectively at 11-14 weeks of gestation in 1040 consecutive singleton pregnancies.
		Those fetuses found to be chromosomally normal by prenatal cytogenetic analysis, and which had abnormally increased nuchal translucency and/or abnormal ductus venosus Doppler velocimetry, underwent fetal echocardiography at 14-16 weeks of gestation.
		The sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive values for the detection of major cardiac defects of increased nuchal translucency thickness alone, ductus venosus Doppler alone and increased nuchal translucency thickness in association with abnormal ductus venosus Doppler were determined.
	www.fetalmedicine.com /newsupdate10.htm (383 words)

	eMedicine - Patent Ductus Arteriosus : Article by George G Hartnell, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The ductus arteriosus is the portion of the sixth aortic arch that connects the left pulmonary artery with the descending portion of the aortic arch.
		Anatomy: The ductus arteriosus is the portion of the sixth aortic arch that connects the left pulmonary artery with the descending portion of the aortic arch.
		Early symptoms of patent ductus arteriosus are related to increased pulmonary blood flow due to shunting from the high-pressure aorta, through the patent ductus arteriosus, to the low-pressure pulmonary arteries.
	www.emedicine.com /radio/topic532.htm (4702 words)

	Physiology of Fetus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Ductus venosus : between the umbilical vein and inferior vena cava.
		Ductus arteriosus: between the pulmonary artery and descending aorta.
		The rationale of these shunts is to divert the oxygenated blood from the less functioning organs as lungs, liver, kidney and intestine as placenta carries their functions, to the brain, heart and other parts of the body.
	www.arabicobgyn.net /doc/fetphysiol.htm (1132 words)

	Ductus Venosus Flow Velocity in Newborn Lambs during Increased Pulmonary Artery Pressure -- FUGELSETH et al. 47 (6): ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Ductus Venosus Flow Velocity in Newborn Lambs during Increased Pulmonary Artery Pressure -- FUGELSETH et al.
		The ductus venosus was investigated from a right-sided subhepatic
		an increase in the DVa2 duration of the reversed ductus venosus
	www.pedresearch.org /cgi/content/full/47/6/767 (3336 words)

	TheFetus.net - Ductus venosus Doppler in aneuploidy, score at 13 weeks -Luc Gourand, MD
		Borrell A. The ductus venosus in early pregnancy and congenital anomalies.
		Application of ductus venosus Doppler velocimetry for the detection of fetal aneuploidy in the first trimester of pregnancy.
		Transient increase in nuchal translucency thickness and reversed end-diastolic ductus venosus flow in a fetus with trisomy 18.Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol.
	www.thefetus.net /page.php?id=1449 (699 words)

	Assessment of Venous Flow in Normal and High-Risk Pregnancies: Is The Future Now
		Doppler indices which were computed consisted of the pulsatility index of the umbilical artery, middle cerebral artery, ductus arteriosus, and renal artery; the peak velocity of the aortic and pulmonary outflow tracts; the percentage of reverse flow of the inferior vena cava; and the S/A ratio of the ductus venosus.
		The authors measured the pulsatility index of the umbilical artery, thoracic aorta, and middle cerebral artery; the E/A ratio of the mitral and tricuspid valves; and the PIV and PVIV of the ductus venosus and inferior vena cava.
		In addition, the PVIV and PIV for the ductus venosus was not abnormal at this gestational age, as it was in the lower age groups.
	www.obgyn.net /FM/articles/assessment_devore.htm (6711 words)

	gynobs.bgvp.pubmed.dv.ad
		Adams FH Patency of the ductus venosus and disease.
		Closure of the ductus venosus was not significantly correlated with closure of ductus arteriosus.
		We speculate that immaturity of the ductus venosus and possibly increased levels of dilating prostaglandins leads to a delayed obliteration of the vessel.
	perso.wanadoo.fr /patrick.zemb/gynobs.bgvp.pubmed.dv.ad.html (1146 words)

	In situ morphology of the ductus venosus and related vessels in the fetal and neonatal rat -- Momma et al. 32 (4): 386 ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In situ morphology of the ductus venosus and related vessels in the fetal and neonatal rat -- Momma et al.
		In situ morphology of the ductus venosus and related vessels in the fetal and neonatal rat
		venosus was 50% of the diameter of the umbilical sinus.
	www.pedresearch.org /cgi/content/abstract/32/4/386 (404 words)

	Ultrasonographic study of ductus venosus in healthy neonates -- Fugelseth et al. 77 (2): 131 -- Archives of Disease in ...
		The time of closure of the ductus venosus evaluated by ultrasonography is much later than that of the ductus arteriosus.
		The results on the closing of ductus venosus are shown in table 2 and fig 1.
		The length of the ductus venosus was measured to a mean (SD) 15.3 (1.0) mm.
	fn.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/77/2/F131 (2402 words)

	► Changes in the newborn at birth
		Ductus arteriosus -- This is a vascular link between the vessels that normally supply blood to the lungs for gaseous exchange, and the aorta, which is the main vessel supplying oxygenated blood to the body.
		Ductus venosus -- A vessel leading from the liver to a larger vessel called the inferior vena cava.
		The cleansed and oxygenated blood flows through the large umbilical vein through the liver and the ductus venosus to the inferior vena cava and finally into the heart.
	www.umm.edu /ency/article/002395.htm (702 words)

	PMPR 652 Clinical Pharmacotherapeutics II
		Ductus Arteriosus: Structure which connects the pulmonary trunk (artery) to the descending aorta and allows blood to bypass the lungs.
		Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA): As you recall, in the fetus, the ductus arteriosus normally diverts blood from the pulmonary artery to the descending aorta, thus bypassing the pulmonary vasculature bed.
		NOTE: This flow through the ductus is in the opposite direction as it is in the fetus due to a higher pressure in the aorta after birth.
	www.uic.edu /classes/pmpr/pmpr652/Final/krauss/pedscardio.html (2697 words)

	Fetal Circulation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		This is the ductus venosus and is an important shunt of blood from the umbilical system directly to the heart.
		The blood in the descending aorta is then split between that which is returned to the placenta for re-oxygenation and that which is passed to the viscera and inferior half of the body.
		Constriction of the ductus is mediated by bradykinin released from the lungs on their initial inflation.
	www.fortunecity.com /campus/medicine/214/fetal_circulation.htm (2065 words)

	Dilatation of the ductus venosus in human fetuses: ultrasonographic evidence and mathematical modeling -- Bellotti et ...
		velocities at the systolic and diastolic peak of the ductus venosus
		Ductus venosus velocity waveforms in appropriate and small for gestational age fetuses.
		Assessment of flow events at the ductus venosus-inferior vena cava junction and at the foramen ovale in fetal sheep by use of multimodal ultrasound.
	ajpheart.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/275/5/H1759 (4390 words)

	[No title]
		The ductus arteriosus shunts blood away from pulmonary circulation by shunting it from the pulmonary trunk to the descending aorta.
		Rapid closure of the umbilical vein and the ductus venosus is not necessary since blood is no longer flowing through the umbilical artery.
		Left Umbilical Vein: ligamentum teres (round ligament) Ductus venosus: ligamentum venosum Foramen ovale: fossa ovalis Ductus arteriosus: ligamentum arteriosum Umbilical arteries: medial umbilical ligaments ASD’s are anomalies in the septum primum and/or the septum secundum Ostium (foramen) secundum defects are the most common ASD’s.
	www.ecu.edu /medicalstudents/classof2006/m1fallexam3/cardioembryoanswers.doc (1515 words)

	Role of ductus venosus in distribution of umbilical blood flow in human fetuses during second half of pregnancy -- ...
		Role of ductus venosus in distribution of umbilical blood flow in human fetuses during second half of pregnancy -- Bellotti et al.
		Ductus venosus blood velocity and umbilical circulation in the seriously growth retarded fetus.
		Effects of ductus venosus obstruction on liver and regional blood flows in the fetal lamb.
	ajpheart.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/279/3/H1256 (4868 words)

	Assessment of Fetal Compromise by Doppler Ultrasound Investigation of the Fetal Circulation : Arterial, Intracardiac, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The inferior vena cava, hepatic veins, and the ductus venosus
		In the hepatic vein and the ductus venosus,
		Flow velocity waveforms of the ductus venosus with low pulsatility (top) and high pulsatility (bottom), which is caused by a decrease of early diastolic forward flow (D) and in particular by very low velocities during atrial contraction.
	circ.ahajournals.org /cgi/content/full/91/1/129?.../cgi/search (4782 words)

	XI. Splanchnology. 2e. The Abdomen. Gray, Henry. 1918. Anatomy of the Human Body.
		over the pancreas on to the inferior surface of the diaphragm, and thence on to the caudate lobe and caudate process of the liver to the fossa from the ductus venosus and the porta of the liver.
		The peritoneum of the anterior pelvic wall covers the superior surface of the bladder, and on either side of this viscus forms a depression, termed the paravesical fossa, which is limited laterally by the fold of peritoneum covering the ductus deferens.
		The size of this fossa is dependent on the state of distension of the bladder; when the bladder is empty, a variable fold of peritoneum, the plica vesicalis transversa, divides the fossa into two portions.
	www.bartleby.com /107/246.html (5475 words)

	Fetal ductus venosus blood flow velocities before and after transfusion in red-cell alloimmunized pregnancies -- Oepkes ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		OBJECTIVE: To compare fetal ductus venosus blood flow velocities in anemic fetuses and normal controls and to study the effect of intravascular transfusion on ductus venosus flow velocities.
		METHODS: Fetal ductus venosus flow velocities were measured using pulsed Doppler ultrasound in 21 anemic fetuses immediately before and after intravascular transfusion and again the day after transfusion.
		Because blood passing through the ductus venosus is directed into the left atrium, increased ductus venosus blood flow in the anemic fetus may be an essential compensatory mechanism to maintain oxygen supply to vital organs such as the heart and brain.
	www.greenjournal.org /cgi/content/abstract/82/2/237 (382 words)

	Encephalopathy without cirrhosis: hunt the shunt -- HOWARD 45 (3): 329 -- Gut
		the ductus venosus and is amenable to surgical division and restoration
		A familial incidence of patent ductus venosus ("type 2" shunt) was described in three young brothers who presented with encephalopathy.
		Meyer WW, Lind J. The ductus venosus and the mechanism of its closure.
	gut.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/45/3/329 (1103 words)

	Imaging of the ductus venosus in neonates: from patency to closure -- Vade et al. 20 (6): 681 -- Journal of Ultrasound ...
		Imaging of the ductus venosus in neonates: from patency to closure -- Vade et al.
		Imaging of the ductus venosus in neonates: from patency to closure
		appearance of the involuting ductus venosus in neonates.
	www.jultrasoundmed.org /cgi/content/abstract/20/6/681 (198 words)

	FETAL BLOOD AND CIRCULATION
		Most of the blood in the pulmonary trunk bypasses the lungs by entering a fetal vessel called the ductus arteriosus which connects the pulmonary trunk to the descending portion of the aortic arch.
		Once closed, the ductus arteriosus is replaced by connective tissue and is known as the ligamentum arteriosum.
		This is a serious birth defect resulting in marked elevation in pulmonary pressure because blood flows from the left ventricle to the aorta, through the ductus arteriosus to the pulmonary arteries.
	www.cayuga-cc.edu /people/facultypages/greer/biol204/heart4/heart4.html (877 words)

	Sample Questions and Answer From Past Exams
		The ductus venosus is a fetal anatomic adaptation that allows roughly half the oxygenated blood coming from the umbilical vein to bypass the liver microcirculation and continue straight to the heart via the IVC.
		The ductus venosus is not something to do with the ovaries or the uterus.
		The ductus venosus does not connect any other of the many anatomic structures that people guessed.
	mcb.berkeley.edu /courses/mcb135e/md1smpleexmf99.html (510 words)

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