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Topic: Duke of Ferrara

	NGA - The Feast of the Gods
		This famous canvas formed the key element in one of the finest domestic decorative schemes of the Italian Renaissance, the private study of Alfonso d'Este, duke of Ferrara.
		The duke commissioned the two leading painters from Venice -- first Giovanni Bellini and, later, his former pupil Titian -- to depict bacchanals or revelries with mythological themes for the study.
		Begun by 1511, the room in the castle at Ferrara came to be called the Alabaster Chamber after its alabaster sculpture.
	www.nga.gov /collection/gallery/gg17/gg17-main1.html (117 words)

	Giovanni Battista Guarini - LoveToKnow 1911 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In 1567 he entered the service of Alphonso II., duke of Ferrara, thus beginning the court career which was destined to prove a constant source of disappointment and annoyance to him.
		It is true that the court of Alphonso presented a brilliant spectacle to Europe, with Tasso for titular poet, and an attractive circle of accomplished ladies.
		But the last duke of Ferrara was an illiberal patron, feeding his servants with promises, and ever ready to treat them with the brutality that condemned the author of the Gerusalemme liberata to a madhouse.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Giovanni_Battista_Guarini (1484 words)

	Lodovico Ariosto - LoveToKnow 1911 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		On account of the war, his salary of only 84 crowns a year was suspended, and it was withdrawn altogether after the peace; in consequence of which Ariosto asked the duke either to provide for him, or to allow him to seek employment elsewhere.
		offered to him by the secretary of the duke, and spent the remainder of his life at Ferrara, writing comedies, superintending their performance as well as the construction of a theatre, and correcting his Orlando Fu y ioso, of which the complete edition was published only a year before his death.
		The only one who seems to have given anything to Ariosto as a reward for his poetical talent was the marquess del Vasto, who assigned him an annuity of ioo crowns on the revenues of Casteleone in Lombardy; but it was only paid, if ever, from the end of 1531.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Lodovico_Ariosto (1411 words)

	Ferrara, Italy
		The house of Este was from henceforth settled in Ferrara.
		His son Borso received the title of duke for the imperial fiefs of Modena and Reggio from emperor Frederick III in 1452 (in which year Girolamo Savonarola was born here), and in 1471 was made duke of Ferrara by Pope Paul II.
		He raised the glory of Ferrara to its highest point, and was the patron of Tasso and Guarini, favouring, as the princes of his house had always done, the arts and sciences.
	www.creekin.net /c4592-n91-ferrara-italy.html (1526 words)

	Ferrara
		Ferrara, a true Renaissance jewel, is still unknown to many tourists.
		Lucrezia Borgia, daughter of Pope Alessandro VI and sister of the sadly famous Cesare Borgia - whom Machiavelli dedicated his treaty "The Prince"-, was the duchess of Ferrara beside her husband Alfonso d'Este II from 1502 until her death in 1519.
		Even today Ferrara is a cultural city: very interesting shows are held at the Palazzo dei Diamanti, so called for its decorated facade of 12,000 marble blocks cut in the form of diamonds.
	www.italianinitaly.net /en/Ferrara.htm (263 words)

	My Last Duchess: Study Guide
		Ferrara is in northern Italy, between Bologna and Padua, on a branch of the Po River.
		While discussing the portrait, the duke also discusses his relationship with the late countess, revealing himself—wittingly or unwittingly—as a domineering husband who regarded his beautiful wife as a mere object, a possession whose sole mission was to please him.
		The duke tells the Austrian emissary that he admires the portrait of the duchess but was exasperated with his wife while she was alive, for she devoted as much attention to trivialities—and other men—as she did to him.
	www.cummingsstudyguides.net /Guides3/MyLast.html (1652 words)

	Tourist ferrara italy Suite Duomo arises in the historic Ferrara ‘Palazzo della Ragione’. This Palace was built in ...
		Lying in the middle of the Po Valley, Ferrara still has the atmosphere of the past, which blends in harmoniously with the lively atmosphere of the present.
		Ferrara's most famous image is certainly that of its grand Renaissance, the age of splendour of the Estense court, which has left indelible signs everywhere: in the colossal Addizione Erculea project, in the impressive pictorial cycles belonging to the Quattrocento and Cinquecento and in the Last Judgement by Bastianino.
		The palace, at the centre of the Addizione Erculea, on the important crossroads known as the Quadrivio degli Angeli, belonged to the duke’s brother Sigismondo d’Este.
	www.suiteduomo.it /ferrara_eng_tourist.htm (1202 words)

	Farm Holiday Agritourism Ferrara SANTA CLARA Ferrara bed and breakfast farm holidays Ferrara
		The Benedictine friars founded the Abbey in the 7th Century a.C, and by the Year 1000, the Abbey enjoyed wide prestige in the region and the Abbot was held in great consideration.
		The Castello Estense della Mesola (Mesola Este Castle) was built in the latter half of the 16th Century at the behest of Last Duke of Ferrara, Alfonso II, in honour of his third wife, Margherita Gonzaga.
		Final residential "pearl" occupied by the Nobles Estensi, the Castle is distinguished by an austere elegance.
	www.agriturismosantaclara.com /inglese/escursioni_ferrara.html (771 words)

	ITALIA - Discover... Towers, Palaces and Cathedrals
		Ferrara - Bologna - Modena - Reggio Emilia - Cremona
		Ferrara, the ancient capital of the Este family's Duchy.
		Other noteworthy buildings are the Museo Lapidario, the Ducal Palace - the former residence of the Dukes of Modena - the Palazzo del Museo with the municipal museum, the Este Gallery (Emilian and Venetian art collection), and the Este Library (Italian and foreign illuminated manuscripts, including the priceless Bible of Borso d'Este).
	www.italiantourism.com /discov8.html (1039 words)

	Diamantina - Ferrara (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Ferrara is still surrounded by its city walls, kilometres of red brick and tree-lined walks immersed in silence and greenery.
		A city that has been designed over the centuries by the Po, Ferrara remains intimately bound to its river: in the layout of the winding medieval alleyways, extraordinarily intact, in the modern tourist port of San Paolo and in the grid of canals that surround it and extend to the sea.
		Among the itineraries, the one along the earthworks and the ramparts of the city walls that embrace the city for more than nine kilometres and which constitute one of the most imposing defences still in existence is particularly suggested to cyclists.
	www.ferraraterraeacqua.it /destraPo/Eng/ferrara.htm (489 words)

	comparison compare contrast essays - A Comparison of My Last Duchess and Ulysses
		Ferrara’s power comes from his ‘nine-hundred-years-old-name’, that is, his position as the ruler of one of the many city states that make up the present-day nation of Italy.
		The Duke does not think that such things, which are trivial to him, should bring her the same amount of joy as the presents he bestows on her.
		The Duke of Ferrara has a clear purpose to his speech-to impress the servant and warn him that his future wife had better behave-and as a result the poem consists of one long stanza.
	www.123helpme.com /view.asp?id=4306 (2921 words)

	JEWISH AND KOSHER ITALY - EMILIA ROMAGNA - FERRARA (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In the first room there are objects of different periods, divided according to the different periods of the Jewish religious life: particularly interesting a ceremonial silver plate used in redeeming the first born ("Pidiעn"), and a set for circumcision, with all the metallic objects and the small clothes for the newborn.
		Just across from the cathedral, we faced the statue of the Duke Borso d'Este, whose column had been built from the tombstones of the two Jewish cemeteries; images of the original Hebrew inscriptions are kept in the archives of the Jewish Museum of Ferrara.
		For centuries, Ferrara was at the confluence of three Jewish immigration currents: from Rome, from Germany and from Spain; in 1492, Ercole I d'Este invited the Sephardi Jews expelled from Spain, thus acquiring for his city the advantages of the Sephardi culture.
	www.kosherdelight.com /ItalyEmiliaRomagnaFerrara.htm (2536 words)

	Browning's Portrait of a Renaissance Man: Alphonso II D' este, Duke of Ferrara, in "My Last Duchess" (1842) (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In his psychological portrait of the Duke of Ferrara Browning was as much inspired by his general notions of Italian court portraiture as he was by any specific individual--and yet there is an actual historical figure behind the poem.
		The historical basis for the character of the Duke, however, is not merely a type, but a very real individual, Alphonso II of Ferrara, a member of the extravagant D'este family, who satisfied their obsession for luxury and money by borrowing and by arranging substantial marriage dowries.
		The Duke's superbia is a feature of his character that is reflection of the personalities of such Renaissance giants as Pope Julius II of Agaony and Ecstacy fame and Sigismundo Malatesta, the central figure in Ezra Pound's Cantos.
	www.victorianweb.org /authors/rb/pva313.html (1559 words)

	The Power of the Duke in "My Last Duchess" - Lantenengo.com
		Although the duke's monologue appears on the surface to be about his late wife, a close reading will show that the mention of his last duchess is merely a side note in his self-important speech.
		I think Browning chose to have the duke speak about his wife not because she was important to him, but because the story of her murder displayed the controlling character of the duke so well.
		The duke's claim not to have skill in speech lies in the middle of a speech expertly constructed with rhyming lines, regular meter, and imperious diction.
	writing.lantenengo.com /duchess.php (1384 words)

	News \| Gainesville.com \| The Gainesville Sun \| Gainesville, Fla. (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In 1452 the Italian family of Este, Lords of Ferrara, were created Dukes of Modena and Reggio, becoming Dukes of Ferrara also in 1471.
		In 1814 it was restored under the Habsburg grandson of the last Este Duke, continuing until it was annexed by Piedmont-Sardinia in 1859.
		Borso 1450-1471 (Duke of Modena and Reggio from 1452, Duke of Ferrara from 1471)
	www.gainesville.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=List_of_Dukes_of_Ferrara_and_of_Modena (183 words)

	Battista Guarini
		Battista's early life, divided between Padua and his native city, was mainly academic, until, in 1567, he entered the court of Alfonso II, the last Duke of Ferrara.
		Excepting for occasional intervals, during which he was employed by the Dukes of Savoy and Mantua, he spent most of his time in the service of the Duke of Ferrara, until the death of Alfonso (1597) and the devolution of the duchy to the Holy See.
		Later, Guarini frequented the courts of the Grand Duke of Tuscany and the Duke of Urbino.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/g/guarini,battista.html (433 words)

	Ferrara: A Brief History
		Ferrara is first mentioned in documents dating to the 8th century A.A. They refer to a ``ducatus ferrariæ'' or ``duchy of Ferrara'' that a certain Desiderius had pledged in 757 to Pope Stephen II.
		In the meantime the city itself, the walled ring of which had already been extended to include the walls of what are now Viale Cavour and Corso Giovecca, under Ercole I (1471-1505) was further fortified in grandiose style, extended and embellished with the famous ``Addizione Erculea'' built by the court architect Biagio Rossetti.
		Ferrara became a frontier province of the powerful Papal State, the principal piece of work of the 17th century being the construction of the Fortress, demolished in 1859.
	www.iasfbo.inaf.it /~mauro/Ferrara/history.html (757 words)

	The gateway to the Delta (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The entire ducal property was surrounded by walls and towers and recent studies suggest that the duke intended to build a town here, which was never realised due to opposition by Venice and the sudden end of Estense power.
		The Estense family devolved Ferrara to the Papal States in 1598, but they kept Mesola until 1771 when Ercole III d'Este, Duke of Modena, gave the castle and the estate as a dowry to his daughter Beatrice, bride to Archduke Ferdinand of Austria.
		The Castle is now the property of Ferrara Province and the seat of an Environmental Education Centre, where the origins and the evolutions of the delta plain territory, as well as the flora, the vegetation and fauna of the natural environments of this area, unique in its type, are documented.
	www.ferraraterraeacqua.it /destraPo/Eng/porte.htm (792 words)

	Ferrara Fiere Congressi
		But still in 1694 the famous scholar and historian Antonio Frizzi spoke in one of his works of the refined baking art in Ferrara, but made reference to different types of flours and shapes, which had already abandoned the boring bun in favour of an outstanding elegance.
		Its secret is to be found in the quality of the water and the ingredients, as well as the air humidity, the manufacturing and leavening method and the correct temperature of the oven.
		Tourists walking by a bakery in Ferrara cannot resist the tempting smell of bread fresh from the oven penetrating the air.
	www.ferrarafiere.it /ferrara/gastronomia/pane_eng.htm (268 words)

	RPO -- Robert Browning : My Last Duchess
		The poem's duke of Ferrara, his last duchess, the "Count" with whose servant (Mardruz) Ferrara is here discussing re-marriage and a dowry, and the new "fair daughter" are historical, but the interpretation of what actually took place among them is Browning's own.
		Ferrara then invites his listener, standing beside him, to sit down "and look at her." As readers, Ferrara also speaks to us, as if we too were there, because Browning, who as a lyric poet would address us directly, has disappeared behind this character.
		When he describes her as missing or exceeding the "mark" (38-39), Ferrara develops his metaphor from archery, as if she was one of his soldiers, competing in a competition for prizes (his name), rather than a Duchess who was herself the prize.
	rpo.library.utoronto.ca /poem/288.html (2670 words)

	Ferrara : Introduction \| Frommers.com
		Alfonse d'Este, son of the shrewd but villainous Ercole I, the ruling duke of Ferrara, was an attractively virile candidate for Lucrezia's much-used hand.
		Although the Este family might have had reservations (after all, it was common gossip that the pope "knew" his daughter in the biblical sense), they finally consented to the marriage.
		Ferrara is still relatively undiscovered, especially by North Americans, but it's richly blessed, with much of its legacy intact.
	www.frommers.com /destinations/ferrara/0719010001.html (596 words)

	Alfonso d'Este, Duke of Ferrara
		When Alfonso d'Este (1486-1534) became the Duke of Ferrara in 1505, he was as ambitious as any Renaissance prince, achieving wealth and influence through alliances with France and Spain against the Pope.
		Alfonso married the controversial Lucrezia Borgia who was the daughter of the Pope and who was falsely accused of poisoning her previous husband and of incestuous relations with her father.
		For his palace at Ferrara, Alfonso commissioned art from the most gifted artists of the age, the jewel of his collection being a painting by Giovanni Bellini, the acknowledged leader of Venetian art.
	webexhibits.org /feast/context/alfonso.html (221 words)

	Agriturismo La Migliara - Palio
		As a matter of fact in 1279 the Commune of Ferrara recognized a folk tradition which started about 20 years before to celebrate the victory of the Marquis and Lord of the town Azzo Vil Novello d'Este against Ezzelino da Romano, vicar of the German Emperor, in 1259.
		Even the great Italian poet Ludovico Afiosto wrote about the Palio of Ferrara in his masterpiece "Orlando Fufioso" and the famous painter Francesco del Cossa frescoed the walls of Schifanoia Palace in Ferrara with scenes of the Palio.
		Presently the Patio of Ferrara takes place once a year, on the last Sunday of May - on the first Sunday, of June in case of rain.
	www.lamigliara.it /eng/epalio.htm (392 words)

	Trionfi Cards - Early Documents
		After that Trionfi is not mentioned for 8 years in Ferrara in the account books, so one might conclude, that the interest in them is not very high at the beginning.
		Still it is a rather expensive toy (a humble worker had to work a week for this sum) and doesn't allow the conclusion, that a mass market for Trionfi deck existed at this time.
		Ercole became later duke of Ferrara and it is assumed, that most of the playing cards that we know from Ferrara are commissioned under his rule.
	trionfi.com /0/e/02 (571 words)

	EDSITEment - Lesson Plan
		You are the envoy of a Count, who has sent you to Duke Ferrara to negotiate a wedding between the Duke and the Count's daughter.
		Prior to dining with the Duke's other guests, he pulled a curtain aside and revealed to you the portrait of his last Duchess, whom he described to you.
		Remind students as they progress that everything in the poem is from the Duke's perspective, and that as the auditor, it is their job to assess if the Duke is revealing more than he intends.
	edsitement.neh.gov /view_lesson_plan.asp?id=630 (2088 words)

	"My Last Duchess" - Sidebar - MSN Encarta
		The speaker in this poem is Alfonso II, fifth duke of Ferrara (1533-1597); the “last duchess” of the poem is his late wife, Lucrezia, daughter of Cosimo I de'Medici, duke of Florence.
		The poem represents part of a conversation between Ferrara and an unnamed person with whom he discusses a portrait of his wife painted by a fictitious monk and painter, Frà Pandolf.
		Lucrezia died under mysterious circumstances at age 17, and the poem leaves the reader questioning the duke's role in her death.
	encarta.msn.com /sidebar_761593697/My_Last_Duchess.html (148 words)

	Ferrara Bible Information
		The Ferrara Bible was a 1553 publication of the Ladino version of the Old Testament used by Sephardi Jews in Spain.
		It was paid for by Yom-Tob ben Levi Athias (Marrano Jeronimo de Vargas) and Abraham Ben Salomon Usque (Duarte Pinel) and was dedicated to Ercole II d'Este, Duke of Ferrara.
		Two copies were printed, one dedicated to the duke, and a copy for the Jewish public dedicated to Doña Gracia Nasi.
	www.bookrags.com /wiki/Ferrara_Bible (220 words)

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