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Topic: Duoplasmatron

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	Ion source - Patent 5317161 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The duoplasmatron type ion source defined in claim 1 wherein the potential of said third electrode is so dimensioned that at the center of the window of the third electrode, its potential is equal to or only slightly less than the potential of said first electrode.
		The duoplasmatron type ion source defined in claim 9 wherein the potential of said third electrode is so dimensioned that at the center of the window of the third electrode, its potential is equal to or only slightly less than the potential of said first electrode.
		In known duoplasmatron ion sources, upon extraction of the ions by the electrode arrangement connected to the plasma space or chamber, a significant fraction of the ions will have a lower energy than the extraction energy and originate rom particles which are ionized by impingement in the region between anode plates and extraction electrodes.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5317161.html (3954 words)

	Source of ions with at least two ionization chambers, in particular for forming chemically reactive ion beams - Patent ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		One ion source of the duoplasmatron type comprises a succession of a hot cathode, an intermediate electrode and an anode pierced with a discharge hole through which exits a plasma jet formed by the electrons and by the positive ions produced by this source.
		In the duoplasmatron, an arc is produced between the cathode and the anode, this arc being constricted in the vicinity of the discharge hole of the anode under the effect of an electrostatic action caused by the intermediate electrode and a magnetic lens action created between the anode and the intermediate electrode.
		The duopigatron is distinguished from the duoplasmatron by the fact that in the duopigatron a fourth electrode, disposed downstream of the anode, is brought, by means of an auxiliary voltage source, to a negative potential with respect to that of the anode thus forming an anti-cathode which is pierced with a discharge hole.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4782235.html (3497 words)

	Ion beam - Wikpedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Today's ion beam sources are typically derived from the mercury vapor thrusters developed by NASA in the 1960s.
		One type of ion beam source, the duoplasmatron operates as follows: a cathode filament emits electrons into a vacuum chamber.
		A gas such as Argon is introduced in very small quantities into the chamber, where it becomes charged or ionized through interactions with the free electrons from the cathode, forming a plasma.
	www.bostoncoop.net /~tpryor/wiki/index.php?title=Ion_beam (268 words)

	Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry Instrumentation Tutorial
		Typical SIMS instruments use either a duoplasmatron or a surface ionization primary ion source (or both).
		The duoplasmatron can operate with virtually any gas, but oxygen is the most common because oxygen implantation into the sample surface enhances ionization efficiency for electropositive elements.
		For example, Cr, Fe, and Ni ions sputter from stainless steel surfaces within a duoplasmatron.
	pprco.tripod.com /SIMS/Instrumentation.htm (2219 words)

	IOG C60 Ion Gun
		The IOG 5D Duoplasmatron Ion Gun is designed to produce a good probe shape with high current density across a wide range of spot sizes.
		The standard duoplasmatron source runs Oxygen, but can be converted to run pure Argon, Helium, Hydrogen or Xenon with minor modification.
		The exit aperture of the duoplasmatron forms a high brightness source, enabling the formation of an intense probe.
	www.ionoptika.com /iog5d.htm (212 words)

	Ion Sources
		This is a cold cathode arc discharge source that is used to produce metallic ions by sputtering of the source cathode and to produce multiply charged ions due to the unique characteristics of the arc discharge.
		The Duoplasmatron can be used to produce negative ions for direct extraction from the source.
		Since the arc discharge is rich in negative ions as well as positive ones, by reversing the polarity of the beam extraction voltage, a significant current of negative ions for various species is available.
	www.peabody-scientific.com /page3.html (379 words)

	Louisiana Accelerator Center - Home
		The Louisiana Accelerator Center (LAC) at the University of Louisiana at Lafayette is recognized as a Research Center by the Louisiana Board of Regents with active research programs emphasizing biomaterials analysis, microfabrication and high energy focused ion beam system development.
		of laboratory, machine shop and office space and has a large research equipment inventory including a National Electrostatics Corporation 5SDH-2 1.7 MV tandem PelletronR accelerator with duoplasmatron, radio-frequency and cesium sputtering negative ion sources, an Oxford Microbeam Systems triplet lens ion beam focusing system and two JEOL (models 840 and 6460LV) Scanning Electron Microscopes.
		Three beamlines on the PelletronR accelerator are used for ion beam analysis, ion beam modification, and high energy focused ion beam microscopy to provide a variety of ion beam techniques using MeV ion beams with spot sizes smaller than as 1 µm x 1 µm.
	lac.louisiana.edu (161 words)

	basics
		In general, an O- primary beam is used when samples are being analyzed for metals and transition metals, whereas a Cs+ ion beam is employed for the analysis of non-metal species.
		Our machine possesses two ion sources for the generation of the primary ion beam: (1) a 'hollow cathode duoplasmatron' for generating an oxygen ion beam and (2) a cesium microbeam source.
		Only one of these ion sources is used at a given time, which source is selected depends on which elements are being analyzed in the sample.
	epswww.unm.edu /simslab/basics.html (1334 words)

	ION SOURCES AND ELECTRON GUNS
		Normally, the plasma streaming through the anode hole would be too dense to allow the extraction of ion beams with good optical properties so the plasma is allowed to expand into some form of expansion cup.
		Historically, negative hydrogen ion sources were modifications of existing proton sources such as duoplasmatrons with the ions extracted from the anode plasma off axis.
		Insertion of a floating electrode into the channel of the plasma chamber improved the yield of negative ions but the addition of caesium to the discharge dramatically increased the ion current (and electrons) [15].
	linac2.home.cern.ch /linac2/seminar/seminar.htm (4292 words)

	Michigan Ion Beam Lab (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The 1.7 MV Tandetron accelerator is a solid-state, gas insulated, high frequency device capable of operation between 0.2 and 1.7 MV.
		The accelerator can operate either with a duoplasmatron, a sputter-type ion source or a volume source (TORVIS).
		The duoplasmatron source is a high brightness, gaseous ion source that produces H + and He ++ ions.
	www.engin.umich.edu /research/mibl/tandetron.html (332 words)

	CSMA Techniques: Dynamic SIMS (DSIMS)
		For many years the Cameca ims series of SIMS instruments have been the “industry-standard” for routine depth profiling and surface chemical analysis of a wide range of materials.
		Primary ion gun column - Fitted with a high brightness duoplasmatron source for O2+, O- and Ar+ ions from 5 to 17.5 keV.
		In addition the caesium microbeam source provides a beam of Cs+ ions of variable spot size from 100um to 0.2um.
	www.csma.ltd.uk /techniques/dynamic_sims.htm (520 words)

	Michigan Ion Beam Lab (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The 1.7 MV Tandetron accelerator is capable of implantation at energies above 0.5 MeV and to a maximum energy that depends on the ion charge state.
		A wide variety of ions can be produced by a Torvis type, a duoplasmatron or a sputter ion source.
		Currents of up to 75 µA of H + and several µA of metal ions are routinely employed.
	www.engin.umich.edu /research/mibl/capabilities.html (580 words)

	New Developments (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		A voltage ripple of 200 V peak-to-peak at 3.75 MV is guaranteed with a design aim of 50 V. The new accelerator is scheduled to be up and running for biological experiments around the first of December 2005.
		The ion source that is currently used on our Van de Graaff particle accelerator, a Duoplasmatron, ionizes atoms from the gas phase and is suitable for experiments involving the irradiation of cells with protons, deuterons and alpha particles having linear energy transfers (LETs) from 10 to 200 keV/
		The vacuum chamber component of our laser ion source will be a modular unit, interchangeable with our existing Duoplasmatron gas ion source to facilitate switching sources when high beam currents or light ions are desired.
	www.raraf.org /new_developments.htm (3158 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The accelerator is a HVEC KN-4000 Van de Graaff insulated with SF A voltage upgrading kit allows operation to an energy of 5.2 MeV.
		The accelerator is equipped with an ORTEC pulsed terminal with duoplasmatron ion source, gridded einzel lens, and preacceleration klystron beam bunching.
		The duoplasmatron is capable of injecting several hundred microamperes of H
	darkwing.uoregon.edu /~lefevre/facil.html (381 words)

	Philo T. Farnsworth Fusion Discussion Board (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		One would think that effects of hydrino interaction in chemistry and physics would have been noticed previously, even if an explaination for anomalous energy was not at the times formed.
		My first thought for catalytic ion containment was a magnetic mirror with a duoplasmatron ion injector for initial ion generation, object being to contain the ions for optimum interaction with atomic hydrogen contained in the machine at low partial pressure.
		But when Mills published the experiment on hydrogen plasma being maintained at much lower energies than previously observed clear a fusor modification might be useful as a hydrino reactor.
	www.fusor.net /old-boards/songs.com/msgs/msg-1726.html (435 words)

	UCLA National Ionprobe Facility
		It is an extremely versatile tool, capable of analyzing either conducting or insulating samples for elements ranging from H through U. For the following discussion consult the plan view of the Cameca ims 1270.
		The instrument is equipped with both Cs+ and duoplasmatron (16O-) primary ion sources which can be focussed to produce ion beams as small as 1 mm diameter, although ~10 mm sputter craters are more typical for isotopic analyses.
		A large-radius triple-focusing mass spectrometer maintains high transmission even at the high mass resolving power (MRP ~ 6,000) required for Pb isotopic analysis of zircon.
	oro.ess.ucla.edu /ionprobe/nsf/background.htm (443 words)

	THE ANL 50 MeV H- INJECTOR - 35 YEAR ANNIVERSARY
		The original ion source used to supply protons to the ZGS was a standard duoplasmatron which produced enough beam current to supply the synchrotron with a 20 mA, 100 µs pulse at a one-pulse-every-four-second rate.
		injection, a modified duoplasmatron with a hydrogen charge exchange cell[3] was used.
		This source was quite adequate for supplying the ZGS with enough beam current but the RCS was close to being input limited.
	linac96.web.cern.ch /Linac96/Proceedings/Monday/MOP11/Paper.html (2066 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		A Kratos Duoplasmatron is shown mounted on the primary column insulator.
		For a detailed description of how duoplasmatrons are used in SIMS applications, a paper published in the Febuary 1995 issue of Review of Scientific Instruments is available online at the American Institute of Physics web site.
		A KPI Electron Gun is used to neutralize build up of positive charge related to cesium ion bombardment.
	shrimprg.stanford.edu /duo2.htm (136 words)

	[No title]
		Duoplasmatron ion source for either positive or negative O or Ar ion generation.
		NMR or Hall probe control of the Magnetic field.
		Duoplasmatron ion source for either positive or negative O ion generation with pumping and gun isolation.
	www.geos.ed.ac.uk /facilities/ionprobe/f-spec.htm (343 words)

	Thermo Electron Corporation --EX05 Differentially Pumped Ion Gun (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Where a smaller crater is required, for example in AES or SIMS, the beam can be focussed into a spot size of 120mm or less while maintaining 1uA beam current.
		The intense current density makes more expensive and complicated duoplasmatron ion guns virtually obsolete.
		Wide, flat scan plates located at the end of the twin lens optical column ensure that the scanning of high current beams is linear even over a large area.
	www.neslab.com /com/cda/product/detail/1,1055,15936,00.html (275 words)

	Device Microanalysis of Electronic Materials (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Structural and chemical analysis of electronic materials is performed by various microanalytical techniques, including Auger electron spectroscopy, secondary electron spectroscopy, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS), focused ion beam microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy.
		A PHI 660 scanning Auger microprobe/scanning electron microscope (SEM) ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) system is available, which is equipped with a coaxial cylindrical mirror analyzer, duoplasmatron ion sputter gun, high-precision stage with tilt, manual and automatic rotation, hot and cold stage, and a high-speed graphics workstation.
		The following microscopy equipment is available: (1) a Hitachi S4500 field emission secondary electron microscope equipped with a Princeton Gamma-Tech energy dispersive x-ray spectrometer; (2) a JEOL 2010 transmission electron microscope which includes selected-area diffraction, convergent beam electron diffraction, and high-resolution crystal imaging; and (3) a Micrion 9000 focused ion beam tool.
	www4.nationalacademies.org /pga/rap.nsf/ByTitle/76.31.04.B3231?OpenDocument (266 words)

	SIMS Tutorial - Mass spectrometry - Probion analysis
		The potential of the whole duoplasmatron is adjusted to several kV compared to the extraction electrode which is at a ground potential.
		This device can also be used to create other types of ions starting from gas (Ar for example).
		The emission of Cs ions is obtained from a cesium carbonate load (figure 9).
	www.probion.fr /tutorial/ions-sources.html (328 words)

	CERN Hadron Linacs
		It even suffered the indignity of being moved backwards 12 meters to facilitate the ion acceleration tests.
		Eventually it was provided with two injectors (protons from a duoplasmatron and via the RFQ for LEAR tests and light ions {Oxygen and sulphur} for SPS fixed target physics).
		Photograph of the back of the Duoplasmatron Ion Source inside the 100 kV Faraday cage.
	linac2.home.cern.ch /linac2 (895 words)

	[No title]
		This page includes: Duoplasmatron cold start, warm start, start from standby; shutdown completely, shutdown for warm start, shutdown to standby; Trouble shooting; 3He operation.
		You need to determine what the state of the source is before you do anything.
		Check the einzel lens high voltage cable is connected to the Duoplasmatron Source Lens, lens B. Check valve on gas supply bottle is open and regulator set for ~5 psig.
	inpp.ohiou.edu /~massey/duoplasmatron.html (1619 words)

	LUNA: - Laboratory for Undergrund Nuclear Astrophysics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The measurements are of major importance for the Solar Neutrino Puzzle (see this and and this link) established by the Solar Neutrino Experiments GALLEX, HOMESTAKE, KAMIOKANDE and SAGE.
		The accelerator consists of a duoplasmatron ion source (energy spread lower than 20 eV) mounted on a high voltage terminal which can be biased with a high voltage of maximum 50 kV (ripple less than 5 10
		Since the extraction voltage is identical to the acceleration voltage, the extraction electrode can be moved in situ relative to the outlet of the ion source, maintaining the same electric field and thus the same beam current when varying the energy.
	www.lngs.infn.it /site/exppro/luna/luna.html (889 words)

	[No title]
		Turn on control power key and start up the source to be used Cesium Sputter Source or Duoplasmatron Source.
		If so, it indicates the leak is not working or the belt is slipping excessively.
		With the low energy cup in, tune for maximum current using the two einzel lenses, and the three steerers 2X, and 1Y.
	inpp.ohiou.edu /~massey/startup.html (1234 words)

	resume (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Other projects involved fixing the department’s new duoplasmatron accelerator by getting it to run properly.
		He ions within the metal in order for MIT to run their fusion reactions at their accelerator.
		Also this semester, I will be running the duoplasmatron for other students whose research projects rely on particle bombardment.
	www.geneseo.edu /~slh8/resume.html (327 words)

	758-764 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Pressure Dependent Characteristics of an Ork Ridge Type Duoplasmatron Ion Source I. Discharge Characteristics
		The pressure dependence of discharge characteristics of an Ork Ridge type duoplasmatron ion source was studied with a Langmuir probe.
		It was found that the pressure dependent characteristics relate to the radial component of the magnetic field near the tip of the intermediate electrode.
	jjap.ipap.jp /link?JJAP/6/758 (167 words)

	CCMR - Ion Beam Analytical Facility (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The Ion Beam Facility contains two ion accelerators with associated beamlines configured for Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry (RBS) and related analytical techniques.
		Duoplasmatron ion sources are used for the production of helium ion beams.
		Ions of other elements are available from a sputter ion source, enabling high energy implantation in addition to other materials modification techniques.
	www.ccmr.cornell.edu /facilities/ion (463 words)

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