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	Traditional culture and folklore of Turkmenistan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The body of the dutar is made out of a whole piece of mulberry wood which is hollowed and burnt out and given a pear like form.
		The usual size of dutars: length of the whole instrument is 87 cm, fingerboard is 37 cm, body perimeter is 48 cm.
		Strings of the instrument are tuned in fourths, although the pitch is quite low; sometimes both strings are tuned to an octave, sometimes the lower one penetrates the area of the upper octave.
	intangiblenet.freenet.uz /en/tur/tur333.htm (543 words)

	Music of Afghanistan - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Afghan ragas, in contrast to Indian ones, tend to be more focused on rhythm, and are usually played with the tabla, imported from India, or the native zirbaghali, daireh or dohol, all percussive instruments
		Other Afghan classical instruments include the dutar, sorna, sitar, dilruba, tambur and ghichak.
		In 1925, radio broadcasting in Afghanistan began, but the radio station was destroyed in 1929.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Music_of_Afghanistan (1130 words)

	Dutar - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The dutar (Also dotar or doutar) is a traditional long-necked two-stringed lute found in Central Asia.
		Its name comes from the Persian word for "two stings", dotar (do "two", tar "string"), although the Herati dutar of Afghanistan has 14 strings.
		When played, the strings are usually plucked by the Uyghurs of Western China and strummed and plucked by the Uzbeks, Tajiks, Turkmen, and Afghan people.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Dutar (472 words)

	dutar (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The dutar was donated in 1970 and was made in Afghanistan.
		This dutar was made in 1970 or before.
		The dutar is a two string variant of the tambur and sitar.
	www.museum.siu.edu /university_museum/museum_classroom_grant/Museum_Explorers/school_pages/orangeville/dutar.htm (56 words)

	Dutar (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The dutar is a two string pear-shaped long-necked lute from western China, played by the Uighur and Uzbek people of Xinjiang Province.
		Although western ethnomusicologists state that these instruments came from the Persian dutar or dotar (originally a two-string instrument but now with four strings), the Uighur people say that the Persian instrument descended from theirs.
		In Persian, the term dutar or dotar means two strings with "do" = two, and "tar" = string.
	www.asza.com /idutar.shtml (160 words)

	Music of Turkmenistan - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The dutar is the most representative instrument of Turkmen folk music.
		It is used in many styles, ranging fom the mukamlar and saltiklar to the kirklar and navoi.
		They played the dutar to celebrate weddings, births, and other events.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Music_of_Turkmenistan (287 words)

	Local Music & Art forms - School #36, Nukus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Dutar is the national Karakalpak instrument and it’s widely spread among the people of Karakalpakstan.
		Dutar is made of mulberry tree and the strings are made of bowels.
		Dutar is played both in the orchestra and alone.
	nukus36.connect.uz /cyberfair/dutar.html (142 words)

	Strings: Central asia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The dutar may be played as a virtuosic instrument or solo, or in a duet [with what ever instrument] or the instrument can be applied in a orchestral format.
		The closest to the Persian types of the dutar is the dutar found in Turkmenistan, one of the Central Asian regions.
		The dutar and the tanbur both are highly ornate with traditional camel bone inlay in the finger board of the neck of the instrument.
	www.museumofworldmusic.com /Cas.html (3259 words)

	Uyghur Muscial Instruments
		Dutar is mainly made of mulberry tree, the dutar strings are made of silk.
		The dutar is the most popular instrument in Uyghur cultural life, in dailay life of Uyghur families it is very often used to enjoy and train the music feeling with the family.
		Dutar means double string, it has a longer history and is widespreaded among the people.
	www.oqya.5u.com /custom2.html (1071 words)

	Welcome
		In the past the dutar had silk strings and the melodic string (lower first) consisted of 8 silk strands spun by hand and the second string consisted of I 0.
		For instance, the song for dutar, "Yenish" ("Victory'), was created by M Tachmuradov on the basis of the folk song "Ak yuzli maralym".
		Kel bagşynyñ atasy Aýdogdy dutar çalyp bilse-de,ussatlyk derejesine ýetip bilmändir.
	www.turkmens.com /Dutar/openning.html (3746 words)

	Tar or dutar middle eastern music instruments also known as tambour, târ or tanbur
		In Persian, the term dutar or dotar means two strings with do meaning two, and tar meaning string.
		It was used in the performande of the attan (dance) as well as accompanied the sung legends, tales and history.
		As much as three types of dutar were played in and around the Afghani town of Herat.
	www.belly-dance.org /tar.html (344 words)

	Baily, John (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		He again compares the Herati dutar with the Afghan rubab (called rebab in Baily 1977) but this time the comparison is more focused and explicit.
		the linear array of the dutar vs. the tiered array of the rubab.
		Observations on traditional dutar melodies are further refined here; they are characterized as "descending series of cluster patterns".
	www.music-cog.ohio-state.edu /~jveltman/research/resources/Baily_1985.html (614 words)

	AZIZ HERAWI “ CRY OF THE MOUNTAINS ” / Seveneighths.com / 7/8 Music Productions
		Being born into a family of noted clerics was not an ideal circumstance for a budding creative musician; he was forced to practice clandestinely to avoid the wrath of his elders.
		Perched like an eagle's nest amidst gigantic mountains, Afghanistan, known to be the heart of Asia, is one of the oldest countries of the ancient world, possessing a written history of five thousand years.
		His playing of the dutar and rabab (a short-necked, double-chambered plucked lute and Herawi's second instrument) is very typical of the Herat style although Herawi plays the folk melodies of several distinct cultures from many regions of Afghanistan.
	www.seveneighths.com /aziz_herawi.htm (1111 words)

	Motor Behavior and Music
		His central thesis is that the interaction between the human body and the morphology of the instrument may shape the structure of the music, channelling human creativity in predictable directions.
		The linear array of the dutar fretboard (as opposed to the tiered array of the rebab fretboard) poses a greater challenge to spatio-motor coordination.
		More important insights were gained from comparing dutar-s as a whole with the rebab than from comparing the three types of dutar with each other, and perhaps the title should have taken account of this.
	www.music-cog.ohio-state.edu /Music950/bibMotorMusic.html (2054 words)

	Traditional culture and folklore of Turkmenistan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Namely, instrumental dutar music such as kirklar, saltiklar, mukamlar, navoi, etc. is a verbal, professional branch of art, which is performed by national professional musicians - sozanda.
		In the past, bakhshi (they accompanied themselves on the dutar) and tuidukists (performers of native melodies on a long instrument made from reeds and on whistles) were the main musicians.
		All mukams are begun from the first string of the dutar.
	intangiblenet.freenet.uz /en/tur/tur332.htm (453 words)

	ATLAS of Plucked Instruments - Central Asia
		The body of the dutar is made from separate ribs (usually mulberry wood), glued together with often a narrow half round strip on the outside of the joins.
		In Afghanistan the dutar from Uzbekistan is used too, and mainly in the town of Herat (in West Afghanistan); therefore it is often called herati dutar.
		See for the instrument the description of the Uzbek dutar, but in Afghanistan the silk main strings of the normal dutar are replaced by metal strings and at the left side of the neck 7 - 12 extra pegs are fitted to accommodate metal resonance strings, which run parallel to the main strings.
	www.atlasofpluckedinstruments.com /central_asia.htm (5397 words)

	TIMEasia.com: China - Xinjiang
		He's a virtuoso on the teardrop-shaped dutar, an instrument Uighur boys almost universally learn on the way to becoming men.
		Instead, when he does play, it is as a member of song-and-dance troupes controlled so tightly that for years he wasn't allowed to play the instrument of his choice.
		He began studying the dutar when he was six years old.
	www.time.com /time/asia/features/xinjiang/culture.html (711 words)

	Battleclinic.com - Community Docks
		The Dutar Heavy Cruisers were remarkably effective against the minor powers on their borders.
		Installation of the new light compressor beam and the experimental heavy gravitic disruptor were lauded by the Central Command, and the weapons were certainly worth merit.
		The number of surviving Dutar cruisers was also relatively low, due in large part to high attrition rates during the years of military expansion.
	www.battleclinic.com /docks/dock.php?id=260 (491 words)

	Afghanland.com Afghanistan Instruments of Afghanistan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Tanboor is first child of Dutar, Its the ancient instrument of central Asia.
		With his unswerving perseverance and genius, he conquered the world with the miraculous sound of the music of his Shahnai and he thus turned the fate of this ordinary instrument, into one of the most important classical concert instruments of India.
		When Dutar meaning (two strings in dari) was upgraded to Seh Tar (three strings) the earliest form of sitar was developed.
	www.afghanland.com /entertainment/music/instruments/instruments.html (2241 words)

	Almaty or Bust!: Central Asian Music In Words and Pictures - Article - Stylus Magazine
		The picture on the left is of a dutar, which is a two-stringed instrument that is commonly used throughout Central Asia.
		No matter the subject of the music, the proficiency of the performers or the location of the performance (be it a home, a teahouse, a hose race, or a wedding), the same instruments dominate Afghan music.
		Along with the dutar and zirbaghali, there are variations on the fiddle (ghichak), the flute (badakhshani), and cymbals.
	www.stylusmagazine.com /feature.php?ID=1172 (8424 words)

	Uzbek Dutar
		Dutar is a stringed instrument that is used in Uzbek authentic folk/classical music.
		Dutar has two strings made of silk and is tuned either in fourths or fifths.
		It has an eloquent expressive voice in the hands of a virtuoso.
	www.staff.city.ac.uk /~sa543/Dutar.htm (48 words)

	Planetside - Ships of the Fleet
		The early Cardassian Union relied on the Dutar Heavy Cruiser as a power projection unit as they began their campaigns of conquest throughout the neighboring region.
		The 2328 upgrade would be the last major refit of the Dutar class.
		Several Dutar Heavy Cruisers survived the Dominion War, but all were scrapped within a decade of the conflict.
	planetside.firenebula.com /sotf.php?id=572 (306 words)

	Dutar: Encyclopedia topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The dutar (Also dotar or doutar) is a traditional long-necked two-stringed lute (lute: Chordophone consisting of a plucked instrument having a pear-shaped body, a usually bent neck, and a fretted fingerboard) found in Central Asia (Central Asia: thumb400pxmap of central asia outlined in orange showing one set of possible borders...
		When played, the strings are usually plucked by the Uyghurs of Western China and strummed and plucked by the Uzbeks, Tajiks, Turkmen, and Afghans.
		Typical sizes for the pear-shaped instrument range from one to two meters.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /reference/dutar (197 words)

	Turkmenistan - Music
		Important musical traditions include travelling singers and shamans called bakshy, who act as healers and magicians and sing either a cappella or with a sort of two-stringed lute called dutar.
		The dutar is the most representative instrument of Turkmen folk music; it is used in many styles, like mukamlar, saltiklar, kirklar and navoi.
		Mugam is a pan-Central Asian style of classical music, performed in Turkmenistan by a dutarist and gidjakist, or by an ensemble of just dutarists.
	www.turkmenistan-image.com /Music-96.html (201 words)

	World Music Central - Your connection to World Music
		His father did not approve of playing music and consequently Aziz learned to play the dutar (a long-necked lute) as a boy in secret.
		He embodies many of the characteristics of the shauqi, or amateur musician: he is self-taught, has a passionate interest in music, and does not wish to make a living exclusively from his music.
		Herawi’s dutar and rubab playing is very typical of the Heart style.
	www.worldmusiccentral.org /artists/artist_page.php?id=616 (249 words)

	Connect-Tajikistan.org
		After learning how to record on the computer and making their first recordings of the musicians, the students had a chance to record their own songs, poetry, and voices.
		There are different versions of the origin of the word dutar.
		One version contends that it is formed from the words du (two) and tar (string).
	www.connect-tajikistan.org /en/sc_music.html (672 words)

	Aziz Herawi
		In addition, their melodies are based on the even-tempered 12-tone octave that in recent decades has overtaken the traditional Persian system of microtonal variations.
		He plays the 14-string dutar, a long-necked lute, and the rebab, a short-necked lute, accompanied by tabla, frame drum, and tambourine that provide a vigorous and dry rhythm for his robust strumming.
		This does not detract from his abilities, showcased here on both the fourteen-string dutar (a long-necked lute) and the short-necked rebab.
	www.arhoolie.com /titles/387.shtml (416 words)

	Music in the Afghan North
		Their musicians are provincial, with only a few masters on the main lute, the Turkmen dutar, and some rural folksingers and flute players.
		Missing is the small fiddle that accompanies the voice and dutar in the Turkmen homeland; I did not hear of any Turkmen fiddlers in the North.
		The long, long flute called tuiduk is a very Turkmen instrument but, like the dutar, is a cousin to similar instrument-types across Central Asia and west Asia, often called nai or ney.
	www.wesleyan.edu /its/acs/modules/slobin/html/subculture/turkmen (489 words)

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