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Topic: Dynamic memory allocation

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	Dynamic memory allocation Summary
		A memory allocator's task is to respond to a memory request based on its knowledge of the amount and location of free and used memory.
		In allocation, the leftmost region of the tree that fulfills the memory request is identified as being in-use.
		A dynamically allocated object remains allocated until it is deallocated explicitly, either by the programmer or by a garbage collector; this is notably different from automatic and static memory allocation.
	www.bookrags.com /Dynamic_memory_allocation (1314 words)

	Dynamic memory allocation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A dynamically allocated object remains allocated until it is deallocated explicitly, either by the programmer or by a garbage collector; this is notably different from automatic and static memory allocation.
		In this system, memory is allocated from a large block of memory that is a power of two in size.
		In constrast, the call stack memory is usually of limited size and the lifetime of the allocation depends on the duration of the corresponding functions.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Dynamic_memory_allocation (522 words)

	C Programming - Dynamic Memory allocation
		Memory allocations process, Allocating a block of memory, Allocating multiple blocks of memory, Releasing the used space and To alter the size of allocated memory.
		Calloc is another memory allocation function that is normally used to request multiple blocks of storage each of the same size and then sets all bytes to zero.
		The memory allocated by using calloc or malloc might be insufficient or excess sometimes in both the situations we can change the memory size already allocated with the help of the function realloc.
	www.exforsys.com /tutorials/c-language/dynamic-memory-allocation-in-c.html (749 words)

	Lecture 2 - Dynamic Memory Allocation
		I will use the term static allocation to refer to this memory allocation strategy, in which all the memory that a data structure might possibly need (as specified by the user) is allocated all at once without regard for the actual amount needed at execution time.
		When you need memory, you ask for just the amount you need; it is given to you from the global pool and is marked as being no longer `free' so that a subsequent request for memory does not allocate this same block again for a different purpose.
		As the preceding example demonstrated, with dynamic allocation the `free' parts of memory are not all together in one contiguous block.
	www.cs.ualberta.ca /~holte/T26/dyn-mem-alloc.html (1458 words)

	Dynamic Memory (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Since the necessity of dynamic memory is usually limited to specific moments within a program, once it is no longer needed it should be freed so that the memory becomes available again for other requests of dynamic memory.
		The first expression should be used to delete memory allocated for a single element, and the second one for memory allocated for arrays of elements.
		Remember that in the case that we tried to allocate the memory without specifying the nothrow parameter in the new expression, an exception would be thrown, which if it's not handled terminates the program.
	www.cplusplus.com /doc/tutorial/dynamic.html (1005 words)

	Introduction to... Dynamic Memory Allocation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Dynamic Memory Allocation is the method in which you can select a block of memory during the run-time of your program, and use this block of memory for storing more information.
		Usually, with your dynamic list, you have a specific function that is dedicated to allocating the memory and adding the block to your list and one for freeing your memory and removing that block from the list.
		When it comes to allocating memory for structures and types, we need to be careful to specify the right size for what we want.
	www.users.bigpond.com /dwarfsoft/GDNArticles/IPSLL004.html (1046 words)

	RTAI-API: Dynamic memory allocation services. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Allocates a contiguous region of memory from an active memory heap.
		Dynamically allocated extents are returned to the host operating environment.
		Releases a memory region to the memory heap it was previously allocated from.
	www.fdn.fr /~brouchou/rtai/rtai-doc-prj/doxyapi/group__heap.html (858 words)

	DYNAMIC MEMORY ALLOCATION :: Pointers - MYCPLUS
		The process of allocating memory at run time is known as dynamic memory allocation.
		The memory space that is located between these two regions is available for dynamic allocation during execution of the program.
		On successful execution of this statement, a memory space equivalent to "100 times the size of an int" bytes is reserved and the address of the first byte of the memory allocated is assigned to the pointer X of type int.
	www.mycplus.com /tutorial.asp?TID=22 (619 words)

	Operating Systems by Prabhaker Mateti
		The details are applicable to the dynamic memory allocation portions of the POSIX (portable operating systems interface) standard supported by practically every high-level language and OS.
		Since both stack and heap can grow dynamically (i.e., during execution), no matter what their initial size of allocation is, an OS must facilitate their increase in size.
		or malloc is a pointer to an area of memory allocated from the heap.
	www.cs.wright.edu /people/faculty/pmateti/Courses/433/Notes/dynMemAlloc.html (1003 words)

	C Programming Tutorial: Dynamic Memory Allocation
		Now we have allocated memory just floating in the heap without a pointer.
		is the default amount of memory to allocate when we run out of allocated space.
		Take precautions when using the actual memory allocation functions for memory leaks, especially with realloc.
	vergil.chemistry.gatech.edu /resources/programming/c-tutorial/dynamic.html (1093 words)

	Benifits of Dynamic Memory Allocation? - GameDev.Net Discussion Forums
		Dynamic allocation also tugs with it a slight performance bump, but one allocation of a long will by no means cause noticeably slower frame rates.
		The are other methods to allocated uninitialised memory provided by the C++ library using the allocator class, memory.h, which would be generally used if you are writing your own container classes.
		Dynamic memory allocation or heap memory allocation is a must when using linked lists, but with C++ the std::list container is provided, please use it.
	www.gamedev.net /community/forums/topic.asp?topic_id=330983&whichpage=1& (1340 words)

	CIOL : Languages & Tools : Dynamic memory allocation
		Dynamic memory management allows you to allocate additional memory space or release unwanted space at runtime.
		Dynamic memory management techniques allow us to allocate additional memory space or release unwanted space at run time, thus optimizing the use of storage space.
		On execution of this statement, a memory space equivalent to 100 times the size of int data type bytes is reserved and the address of the first byte of memory allocated is assigned to the pointer x of type int.
	www.ciol.com /content/search/showarticle1.asp?artid=19839 (602 words)

	SparkNotes: Why Use Pointers?: Dynamic Memory Allocation
		Dynamic memory allocation is a process that allows us to do exactly what we're looking to do above, to allocate memory while our program is running, as opposed to telling the computer exactly how much we'll need (and for what) ahead of time.
		The functions we'll use to grab dynamic memory return a pointer to that memory (or if for some reason we couldn't get the memory we requested, they'll return the NULL value).
		It is often used in conjunction with malloc to allocate enough space to hold a single variable or array of variables.
	www.sparknotes.com /cs/pointers/whyusepointers/section3.rhtml (1742 words)

	Dynamic Memory Allocation — Part I \| Linux Magazine
		Memory allocators are categorized mainly by how they keep track of the free blocks that they can use to parcel out memory to applications.
		The final category of allocators (and the type of allocator the standard C library in Linux uses) is those that use segregated "free-lists" or "bins." The idea here is to keep multiple free-lists.
		The allocator keeps track of the location of a block's neighbors (as well as how much memory is being deallocated) by making use of a "size tag." The size tag is four bytes of memory that is allocated along with the block requested by the application.
	www.linux-mag.com /id/806 (2613 words)

	Pointers and Dynamic Memory Allocation
		Dynamic data structures have to be able to grow and shrink.
		New memory for an integer was allocated and initialized with the value of 2001.
		The rule of thumb is: Try to allocate memory in the constructor of an object and deallocate it in its destructor.
	www.relisoft.com /book/lang/pointer/4memory.html (677 words)

	Dynamic Allocation
		To allocate memory dynamically, we have to use pointers.
		Dynamic memory is created in an area of memory often referred to as the "free store", or the "heap".
		To deallocate dynamically allocated memory, apply the delete operator to the pointer, and it will delete the dynamic memory that the pointer is pointing to.
	www.cs.fsu.edu /~myers/cgs4406/notes/dma.html (1172 words)

	Dynamic Memory Allocation
		To allocate memory though, we must have a pointer so we can know where the memory will be at when it gets allocated.
		In allocating memory like this, we know we have 40 characters instead of 40 bytes (even though they are technically the same).
		One thing I forgot to mention about Dynamic Memory Allocation is, unlike static memory which is reserved by default (so you won't be able to send the program unless you have enough memory), dynamic memory must be allocated at runtime.
	www.technoplaza.net /programming/lesson6.php (2138 words)

	HI-TECH Software Forums: malloc() ? ( dynamic memory allocation )
		If you really feel you need to dynamicly allocate memory, the source for an implementation of malloc is in the compilers "source" directory.
		The memory-allocation functions in C allow blocks to be allocated and freed in any order, with the caveat that fragmentation may occur.
		In many embedded systems, this is not necessary and it is sufficient to unallocate memory in the reverse order allocated (or in some cases just allocate memory and never deallocate it at all until system reinitialization).
	www.htsoft.com /forum/all/showflat.php?Number=19905&page=1 (307 words)

	CHAPTER 33 Dynamic Memory Allocation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Enough room is allocated in the data segment of memory to hold all the data that the source code declared.
		The amount of memory declared in the source code is a static number.
		Dynamic memory allocation is used in assembly language and high level languages for building data structures.
	chortle.ccsu.ctstateu.edu /AssemblyTutorial/Chapter-33/ass33_1.html (119 words)

	Dynamic Memory Allocation — Part II \| Linux Magazine
		In all our discussions of memory allocation techniques, we never addressed the question, "Where does the allocator get actual blocks of memory to give to your application?" This month, we will answer that question by delving deeper into the relationship between the memory allocator and the operating system.
		As more dynamic memory is needed, your application must tell the operating system to move up the break point to allocate more memory for the process, thus increasing the size of the heap.
		When the memory is completely saturated, it kills off any process that tries to write to space that isn't in memory (even if that space has been allocated to the process).
	www.linux-mag.com /id/827 (2225 words)

	Dynamic Memory Allocation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Dynamic Memory Allocation allows the programmer to create new objects that violate common scope rules.
		Dynamic "Scope": Created anywhere, anytime - object lasts until explicitly destroyed (possibly never if the program is no well written).
		The computer still thinks that memory location is in use by the program.
	www.mcs.drexel.edu /~mcs172/Sp01/lectures/7.1_Pointers1/Dynamic.html (181 words)

	CSCI 175: C++ Dynamic Memory Allocation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		A reference to dynamically allocated memory is made using a pointer.
		The new command is used to allocate dynamic memory.
		In class on Day 12 and Day 13 we used dynamic memory to create a Dynamic Word, analogous to the Word class we had created earlier, but without a static upper bound on the length of the word.
	cerebro.xu.edu /csci175/notes97m/day12-13.html (234 words)

	Dynamic Memory Allocation
		One approach to this problem is to have the programmer figure out, when he or she is writing the program, how much space it will require (or impose arbitrary limits on how much space the program can use), and write their code accordingly.
		Dynamic memory allocation is a way to defer the decision of how much memory is necessary until the program is actually running, get more if you run out, or give back memory that your program no longer needs.
		(memory allocation) function is the most frequently used function for dynamically allocating memory.
	www.eecs.harvard.edu /~ellard/Q-97/HTML/mem/node3.html (689 words)

	3D Buzz - Dynamic memory allocation through pointers. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		So, what this does is create an array of 10 integers on the heap (this is where dynamic memory is taken from).
		If you create memory and store it in ptr and then change the address ptr is holding, you won't be able to reallocate that memory since you've lost the address of it; this is a memory leak.
		For instance, a dynamic array (an array that you resize during runtime).
	www.3dbuzz.com /vbforum/showthread.php?p=878203 (1074 words)

	Example for static and dynamic memory allocation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		For effective memory management, we need to deallocate the dynamic data within the object at the same time the object being destroyed.
		// destructor: deallocates memory allocated by the constructor
		Special consideration must be used with dynamic memory so that unintended errors are not created.
	vision1.eee.metu.edu.tr /~vision/LectureNotes/EE441/Chapt3.html (1077 words)

	Dynamic Memory Allocation and Deallocation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Dynamic variables are not declared with ordinary variable declarations; they are explicitly allocated and deallocated at run time
		Dynamic variables can be destroyed at any time during program execution.
		When class data members include dynamically allocated arrays or strings, it is essential to provide a destructor to deallocate the arrays before the object goes out of scope
	www.umsl.edu /~lawtonb/224/dynamic0.html (700 words)

	SVTechie :: Online Resources For Techies BY Techies - Dynamic Memory Allocation Performance
		Dynamically created data structures like trees, linked lists and hash tables (which can be implemented as arrays of linked lists) are key to the construction of many large software systems.
		Dynamic means that the space is allocated in memory as the program is executing.
		In many cases large amounts of dynamically allocated memory is consumed by interconnected objects which are not themselves very large.
	www.svtechie.com /cms/content/view/131/51 (617 words)

	Dynamic Memory Allocation - GameDev.Net Discussion Forums
		Dynamically allocated memory comes form a pool of memory known as the heap or free store.
		It allocated using the C++ operator "new" and freed using the operator "delete".
		But the memory it points to is global, so if you have a copy of your pointer outside the current scope, you can access your object from outside, since the object is allocated in the application heap.
	www.gamedev.net /community/forums/topic.asp?topic_id=317466 (529 words)

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