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	Dyslexic children use nearly five times the brain area
		Dyslexic children use nearly five times the brain area as normal children while performing a simple language task, according to a new study by an interdisciplinary team of University of Washington researchers.
		While the dyslexic boys exhibited nearly five times more brain lactate activation during a language task that asked them to interpret the sounds of words, there was no difference in the two groups during the musical tone test.
		This means the difference between the dyslexics and the normal children relates to auditory language and not to nonlinguistic auditory function, according to Richards and Berninger.
	washington.edu /newsroom/news/1999archive/10-99archive/k100499a.html (833 words)

	Linkage Of Dyslexia With Crime
		The high level of dyslexic delinquency is attributed to an emotional shift in a student's personality in cases when his/her dyslexia is undiagnosed or untreated, and he finds himself subject to repeated failures in the school environment.
		The erosion of dyslexics' self-esteem was analyzed by Von Ebel (1549-1559, 1980) (1980) who, as a forensic consultant to German courts, was confronted with many cases where he recommended that, dyslexics' treatment within school was responsible for their resolving to crime to the extent that their dyslexia was a legitimate mitigating circumstance.
		Apart from the personal suffering of the dyslexics and their families, and in addition to the cost of criminal proceedings and jail maintenance, the cost to the state of looking after a child in a borstal in 1971 was ?1200 pa (Kerr, p29-32, 1973).
	www.etni.org.il /dyslexia2.htm (2768 words)

	Society for Neuroscience \| Dyslexia and Language Brain Areas (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Today researchers are systematically scrutinizing large numbers of dyslexics to determine which areas of the brain are the most involved and to understand how they relate to each other and contribute to different degrees and varieties of the disability.
		Some scientists speculate that dyslexics use the area inadequately and may compensate by using other brain areas, such as the inferior frontal gyrus, which is located in the front of the brain, and is associated with spoken language.
		For example, dyslexics who say the words they are reading under their breath may rely heavily on this area to get through a passage of text, according to one theory.
	web.sfn.org /index.cfm?pagename=brainBriefings_dyslexiaAndLanguageBrainAreas (801 words)

	Brain Research and Dyslexia: A different view.
		This is 24 points higher than the dyslexic group, and is a very big gap when you consider that the whole point of the study was to look at the workings of people's brains.
		When her team eventually compared the brains of dyslexics who were capable readers with dyslexics who were poor readers and with non-dyslexics, they found results that were suprising to them.
		They found that during meaning-based tasks, the capable dyslexic readers bypassed the "glitch" area of the brain, while the dyslexics who remained poor readers continued to use that area in a pattern very similar to the nondyslexic, good readers.
	www.dyslexia.com /library/brain.htm (1290 words)

	es-dyslexia-rp
		Brain imaging, which is a technique of photographing the brain “in action,” indicates that dyslexics have higher levels of the chemical lactate in certain regions of the brain during language and sound processing.
		Dyslexics have to expend more brain energy in these regions to accomplish the same tasks as non-dyslexics, which results in higher levels of chemical lactate.
		For example, some dyslexics have to say the words under their breath as they read in order to understand what they are reading.
	www.humboldt.edu /~ems6/es-dyslexia-rp.html (1504 words)

	The Gift of Dyslexia
		As the dyslexic individual tries to make sense of these symbols, they shift their perspective, or where they view from, and this causes letters on a page to move around, reverse themselves and even to disappear completely.
		Dyslexics often excel as engineers, plumbers, inventors and at crafts or artistic pursuits because they can manipulate objects in their head for the purpose of drawing them, designing them or repairing them.
		The problem for most dyslexics is they are labeled learning-disabled in school and are so frustrated they often don't continue their education to develop their abilities.
	www.drlwilson.com /Articles/dyslexia.htm (1387 words)

	Davis Dyslexia Program
		That is, dyslexic children and adults can learn to recognize and to control the mental state that results in distorted perceptions, thus eliminating this problem.
		A dyslexic teenager or adult cannot work entirely by themselves to use the methods explained by the book, but they may be able to work successfully with the help of a friend or family member.
		Since dyslexic students think in pictures, they have difficulty thinking with the sounds of words, so it is hard for them to try to read by breaking words down into component sounds.
	www.dyslexiahelp.com /FamousDyslexics.htm (1545 words)

	Brain Scans Show Dyslexics Read Better with Alternative Strategies
		For dyslexic subjects, the opposite was true: the stronger the left-hemispheric pattern, the poorer the reader.
		Dyslexic subjects from both groups as well as non-dyslexic control subjects were asked to perform reading tasks involving phonological processing (non-word rhyming test) and ascertaining meaning (semantic category test).
		In contrast, dyslexics who bypass these mental pathways, relying more on areas of the brain involved in nonverbal thought and in analytic thought, are able to become capable readers.
	www.dyslexia.com /science/different_pathways.htm (1103 words)

	Web Design For Dyslexia
		Many dyslexics have difficulty with certain fonts or with small print; others would prefer to have a colored background to reduce contrast.
		Also, some dyslexic people are tremendously confused by sans-serif fonts, which make it difficult to distinguish a capital "I" from the lower-case 'l' for example.
		Other dyslexic individuals, who are reading your site on their own, will appreciate clear, simple, and consistent graphic navigational icons.
	www.dyslexia.com /qaweb.htm (1068 words)

	What we correct and how we correct it.
		Dyslexics will be able to recognize when they are disoriented and will learn how to orient themselves.
		We show the dyslexic how to train their eyes to move from left to right familiarizing their brain with the letters of each word in their proper order.
		Dyslexics will be able to recognize when they are disoriented and will learn how to orient themselves to accurately perceive their environment.
	www.rockypointacademy.com /correction.htm (1310 words)

	Dyslexics as Library Users
		Dyslexics have trouble with words because their brains are formed differently in the areas most involved with language.
		One cannot tell a dyslexic from a good reader by sight, and many are too embarrassed to admit to their problem because people still equate being unable to read, spell, and write with mental retardation.
		Dyslexics are eligible for Talking Books for the Blind, but consider what it must be like to be required to ask a physician (who may know very little about dyslexia) for a signature on an application for services.
	www.rit.edu /~easi/lib/oppo7.htm (3439 words)

	Dyslexia and lower brain activity: 12/3/97
		By successfully measuring the neural activity in the MT+ regions of the brains of their dyslexic subjects, as well as in that of the non-dyslexic controls, the Stanford researchers were able to take a major step beyond the Georgetown study.
		When they compared the levels of brain activity in the MT+ location of the five dyslexics with their respective reading speeds they found an unexpectedly strong correlation: Lower activity levels were associated with slower reading speeds.
		It is possible, however, that dyslexics might have similar deficiencies in their ability to handle fast temporal signals in other important sensory pathways as well.
	www.stanford.edu /dept/news/report/news/1997/december3/dyslexia123.html (1396 words)

	The Phonological Model of Dyslexia
		Dyslexic children, as compared to non-dyslexic children, have greater difficulty with this phoneme deletion task or are unable to do it.
		The results from these studies indicate that the deficiency in phonological awareness demonstrated by dyslexics is connected to their lower reading ability (1).
		This indicates that brain activity in dyslexics is different from non-dyslexics specifically related to language processing, not nonlinguistic auditory processing (5).
	serendip.brynmawr.edu /bb/neuro/neuro01/web3/Slaughter.html (1763 words)

	Dyslexia: reading both ends against the middle Psychology Today - Find Articles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Geiger and Lettvin found that the normal readers usually outscored the dyslexics in correctly identifying the letters presented at closer distances but, as expected, their scores sharply declined as the letters were projected farther from the fixation point.
		But for the dyslexics "the "masking effect' was relatively larger near the center of the gaze and relatively smaller at greater' distances.
		Their findings, the researchers say, are a clue to the difficulty dyslexics have with reading, and also point to education strategies to help them improve it.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1175/is_v21/ai_5279348 (517 words)

	Dyslexia.tv Free Thinkers Off The Page By Stacy Poulos ©2005 Welcome pgae
		Some dyslexics don't understand how to channel or ground their assets or even realize they have them.
		Dyslexic students and adults can graduate from my FreeThinkers University of honorary alumni who by default demonstrated the courage to not be defeated by their projected short comings and the stigma of learning different.
		Some say some dyslexics have a visual 'glitch' that processes light differently and that 'glitch' can possibly be corrected or improved by reading with certain lighting, color, or prisms, the physical aspect.
	www.dyslexia.tv (2407 words)

	uwnews.org \| University of Washington News and Information
		The dyslexic boys then entered the treatment program that was designed to improve their phonological abilities or skills in understanding and using the sounds of language.
		About a year after the first imaging session, the dyslexics' reading skills were tested and both groups were imaged again using the same tests to evaluate the long-term effect of the treatment.
		Following treatment the dyslexics expended 1.8 times the energy to do the same sound-processing task as the controls, compared to about 4 times the energy before treatment.
	www.uwnews.org /article.asp?articleID=1923 (1055 words)

	masons: Dyslexia: The Gift in Disguise
		Davis (a dyslexic) was labeled "mentally retarded" and was functionally illiterate until the age of 38.
		Undiagnosed dyslexic children, being clueless as to the nature of dyslexia or that they even have it, will not only have to figure out how to translate words, but they will have to deal with words that are untranslatable.
		Dyslexics often feel that their problem is "their problem" and most have no idea that they are far from alone.
	community.livejournal.com /masons/273576.html (2258 words)

	Brain shown to grow as dyslexics learn
		The research, published in the current issue of the Journal of Neuroradiology, also provides new evidence that dyslexia is a treatable brain-based disorder, according to microphysicists Todd Richards and neuropsychologist Virginia Berninger, who headed the UW research team.
		Fifteen boys -- eight dyslexics and seven non-dyslexics -- were involved in the new study.
		The boys ranged in age from 10 to 13 years and the dyslexic and control groups were matched for age, IQ and head size, but not in reading skills.
	www.dyslexia-teacher.com /t104.html (978 words)

	Brain Defect Underlies Reading Difficulties of Dyslexia
		They did know, however, that the difficulties of dyslexics are not caused by a poor education or low intelligence.
		The 10 dyslexics who received the training learned to read, even forming a book club at the end of the training period.
		Currently, most children are not diagnosed as dyslexics until they are in the second or third grade and have a hard time reading.
	www.webmd.com /content/article/30/1728_72612.htm (534 words)

	Dyslexia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Dyslexics can also have trouble hearing and speaking language, which some researchers believe is the root cause of their condition.
		Dyslexics who undergo this training, called the Lindamood program, will do things such as feeling their throats while saying certain sounds to make sure they produce the right vocal cord vibrations for that sound.
		The scientists found dyslexic children who worked with the game for one month jumped two grade levels in their ability to recognize speech.
	scicom.ucsc.edu /scinotes/9601/speech/Dyslexia.html (406 words)

	USATODAY.com - Dyslexia especially tough for English-speakers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		"It is much easier for dyslexics to learn to read in languages where there is a one-to-one relationship between a letters and the sounds," said Chris D. Frith, a researcher at the University College London and a co-author of the study.
		The researchers noted that identified dyslexics are rare in Italy because the language helps learning readers to quickly overcome problems caused by the disorder.
		To find dyslexics among Italian university students, the researcher had to conduct special tests to identify those with the neurological signature for the disorder.
	www.usatoday.com /news/health/2001-03-15-dyslexia.htm (772 words)

	STEINLAB
		Many dyslexics seem to have slight difficulties with hearing the subtle acoustic differences that are used to distinguish phonemes so even though they may have had little obvious difficulty learning to speak, their inability to analyse the phonemic structure of words quickly, prevents them learning to read easily1.
		Dyslexics seem to inherit genes that compromise development of this cell line3; in post mortem dyslexic brains the magnocellular layers of the thalamic visual and auditory relays, the lateral and medial geniculate nuclei, are found to be abnormal when compared with controls.
		The visual magnocellular system also plays a leading part in controlling eye movements; hence dyslexics' ocular instability and poor ability to sequence letters visually may be the result of the abnormal development of their magnocellular system.
	www.physiol.ox.ac.uk /~jfs/research1.html (1149 words)

	Scientific Accomplishments
		During lexical judgment, dyslexics were less active than controls in bilateral middle frontal gyrus and more active than controls in left orbital frontal cortex.
		Dyslexic and control children differ in brain activation during auditory language processing skills that do not require reading.
		Dyslexics and/or controls showed significant pretreatment activation in group maps in 18 brain regions during one or more of the mapping tasks.
	faculty.washington.edu /toddr/dyslexic.htm (2197 words)

	session1_abs
		Thirty participants (15 dyslexic, 15 non-dyslexic; 5 per group) were assessed on verbal learning, EBCC alone, or the concurrent presentation of both tasks.
		Dyslexics scored 5% CRs in the single task and 10% CRs in the dual task format.
		Among dyslexics, the data suggest the cerebellum was not engaged in either task.
	academic.uofs.edu /organization/psychcon/15TH/session1_abs.htm (3126 words)

	DYSLEXICS and A.D.D. KIDS BECOME GIFTED SPEED READERS, by George Stancliffe
		Almost two years ago, a lady who had signed up for one of my speed reading courses showed up early on the first day of class to privately inform me that she had a reading disability, so that I wouldn't be too frustrated at the poor performance that she was expecting in the class.
		This method has been successfully used in the classroom and at home for teaching "normal" kids as well as ADD and Dyslexic children, to speed read (even some children who were so poor at normal reading that they were considered non-readers).
		Though it is recommended that children attain 3rd grade reading level before beginning the program, it wouldn't hurt to give it a try if you have no other alternatives for your child.
	www.selfgrowth.com /articles/Stancliffe6.html (723 words)

	Speech Recognition Software Benefits Dyslexics
		software by dyslexic students for 10 years and publishing four joint papers on his findings, Dr. Raskind concluded that speech recognition not only allows dyslexics to communicate more efficiently but might even help them overcome their condition.
		Dyslexic students tend to have separate vocabularies for writing and speaking.
		The first notion is that generating actual text with the equipment involves actual reading with the simultaneous checking of words as they appear on the screen followed by correcting of words from any list displayed in a drop-down (choice box), again requiring the user to read.
	www.voiceability.com /Benefits_Dyslexics.htm (563 words)

	AAAS - AAAS News Release
		However, it is an established fact that countries that have a more complex or irregular system of writing, or orthography, have a higher incidence of dyslexia, for example, a study of the prevalence of dyslexia in 10-year-old children in Italy was found to be half that of the USA.
		Now, by studying adult dyslexics across 3 language groups-French, Italian, and English-an International research team, directed by Professor Eraldo Paulesu, University of Milan Bicocca, has found that this is not the case.
		The results of their research, published in the 16 March issue of Science, show for the first time that the neurological basis for dyslexia is the same across French, English and Italian languages, but that the disorder manifests itself in different ways according to the regularity of the orthography.
	www.aaas.org /news/releases/2001/dyslexia.shtml (669 words)

	Dyslexia slows drivers' reactions - being-human - 03 February 2005 - New Scientist (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		That is the conclusion of a small study which compared how quickly dyslexic and non-dyslexic drivers react to traffic signs.
		The six dyslexic drivers took on average 0.13 seconds longer to react during the rural drive than the non-dyslexic controls and were 0.19 seconds slower in the city, where the simulated environment was more complex.
		In both tests the controls took around 0.6 seconds to respond, so the dyslexic drivers were experiencing a delay of 20 to 30%.
	www.newscientist.com /article.ns?id=dn6951 (567 words)

	Famous people with Dyslexia
		Their successful lives, despite dyslexia, shows us that "miracles" can be accomplished so long as dyslexics are encouraged by loving parents and caring teachers to believe in themselves.
		But just remember — for every famous or well-known dyslexic, there are thousands and thousands more who have made it, despite their disorder.
		He is described as having difficulty reading the orientation of the letters and labeled a dyslexic, and despite the initial difficulties was able to catch up with the curriculum.
	www.dyslexiaonline.com /famous/famous.htm (1559 words)

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