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	Dyson sphere - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A Dyson sphere (or "shell" as it appeared in the original paper) is a hypothetical megastructure.
		The concept of the Dyson sphere was the result of a thought experiment by Freeman Dyson where he noted that every human technological civilization has constantly increased its demand for energy.
		The variant of the Dyson sphere most often depicted in fiction is the "Dyson shell": a uniform solid shell of matter around the star.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Dyson_sphere (1840 words)

	Dyson sphere
		Dyson calculated that, if mankind's current Malthusian (exponential) growth rate in energy consumption were to continue, the human race would reach a crisis point within the next two to three millennia (see Malthus, Thomas Robert).
		Dyson's intended (fragmented) arrangement may be referred to as a Type I Dyson sphere and a solid shell as a Type II.
		A Type I Dyson sphere, on the other hand, appears to be such an inevitable and achievable piece of astroengineering that we might expect not only the human race eventually to build one but for other civilizations, more advanced than our own, already to have theirs in place.
	www.daviddarling.info /encyclopedia/D/Dysonsp.html (1256 words)

	Freeman Dyson - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Freeman John Dyson (born December 15, 1923) is an English-born American physicist and mathematician, famous for his work in quantum mechanics, nuclear weapons design and policy, and for his serious theorizing in futurism and science fiction concepts, including the search for extraterrestrial intelligence.
		Dyson conceived that such structures would be clouds of asteroid-sized space habitats, though science fiction writers have preferred a solid structure: either way, such an artifact is often referred to as a Dyson sphere, although Dyson himself used the term "shell".
		Dyson says (20 minutes into a video) that he used the word "artificial biosphere" in the article meaning a habitat, not a shape.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Freeman_Dyson (914 words)

	Dyson sphere creation - Bad Astronomy and Universe Today Forum
		The Dyson sphere comes into the second book in which the "hero" doesn't go back in time which is explained in the first one or will be in the back as i dont want to confuse everyone with everett interpretation on the 4th page.
		Once you have the dyson type 2 sphere then on the habitability of earth it would mean there is 390,000,000 times more room for people to live but that figure was taken for an interior like a ringworld which i dont plan so the habitability for my dyson sphere would be complete.
		We're talking dyson sphere here not a galactic dyson sphere in which fl holes are given in everything that is waste and energy is collected from the hawking radiation along with the light emitted from the acceleration disk that would be formed.
	www.bautforum.com /showthread.php?p=294061#post294061 (4267 words)

	The Dyson Sphere (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Dyson sphere is named for the 20th Century Earth scientist Freeman Dyson; Dyson suggested that civilizations could be classified by the amount of power which they could tap and control.
		Little progress has been made on the former front; the sphere is made of a variety of materials, many of them unknown; the basic structure is made of carbon-neutronium, a material which combines the density of the diamond form of carbon with the strength of neutronium.
		Under normal circumstances a Dyson sphere would act much like a massive greenhouse, containing the entire energy output of the star within it until the surface temperature reached a point at which conduction and radiation processes through and away from the surface could send the heat into space.
	home.earthlink.net /~lcars1/id17.html (742 words)

	Dyson Sphere - Memory Alpha (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The interior of the sphere would absorb the entire energy output of that star, allowing for lifeforms to live on the interior surface almost indefinitely.
		For the interior of a Dyson sphere to be habitable to most humanoid lifeforms, the radius of the sphere must be such that habitable temperatures (5-30C) are maintained.
		The radius would therefore depend on the size and the energy output of the star around which the sphere would be constructed - if a Dyson sphere were to be constructed around the Terran Sun, the radius would have to be approximately 1 Astronomical unit.
	www.memory-alpha.org /en/wiki/Dyson_Sphere (740 words)

	Salon People Feature \| Freeman Dyson, frog prince of physics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Dyson recalls that his parents expressed their affection by encouraging him to explore arts and culture; they were in their early 40s when they started their family: "[Being raised by my mother and father] was more like being with grandparents than parents, but they certainly loved us in their own fashion.
		Dyson translated his mother's lesson to fit what he believed was happening between the military and anti-nuclear activists: "Wherever one looks into the world of human organization, collective responsibility brings a lowering of moral standards.
		Dyson is a credible analyst because he is a man who has tasted war, having served in the British military while wrestling with his conscience over the morality of war and all that goes with it.
	www.salon.com /people/feature/1999/10/09/dyson/print.html (2324 words)

	Article: An Evening with Freeman Dyson, by Greg Beatty
		Dyson made this point near the close of his formal speech, calling for a rebirth of green technology, and seeing its foreshadowing in things such as the cloning of Dolly the sheep.
		Dyson's discussion of the African ground nut scheme, which was historically informed and culturally astute, showed his ability to synthesize lessons from history, economics, sociology, and anthropology, as well as farming, and to treat them all as techne fit for solving problems.
		Dyson closed his talk in a surprising fashion, but one entirely appropriate for a scientist; he decided that there was not sufficient information to answer either of his opening questions.
	www.strangehorizons.com /2001/20011231/freeman_dyson.shtml (3008 words)

	Dyson Sphere
		The Dyson sphere (or Dyson shell) was originally proposed by the Information Age physicist Freeman Dyson in the article "Search for Artificial Stellar Sources of Infrared Radiation" as a way for an advanced civilisation to utilise all of the energy radiated by their sun.
		Dyson's original idea was a swarm, not a shell, containing enough solar collectors around the star to absorb the starlight, containing at least 10,000 elements and around a million kilometers thick ; here is one, radiating away the waste heat after the swarm has utilised the star's energy.
		A second type of Dyson uses lightweight sails to float on the light pressure from the star; these floating satellites are called statites and can support the weight of photovoltaic cells- these dyson statites are basically an energy collection device, but as they are close to the star they can be quite efficient.
	www.orionsarm.com /civ/Dyson_Spheres.html (1359 words)

	Can a Star's Glow Reveal an Advanced Civilization? - Planetary News \| The Planetary Society
		While full Dyson Spheres, which completely enclose their stars, may not be detectable from the Earth, partial or incomplete Dyson Spheres should be visible.
		Dyson made his proposal four and a half decades ago, at the dawn of the space age.
		First, potential Dyson Spheres are identified by looking for stars emitting an excess of infrared radiation; next, these candidate spheres must be confirmed by conventional SETI searches, looking for intelligent transmissions.
	planetary.org /news/2004/0323_Can_a_Stars_Glow_Reveal_an_Advanced.html (2214 words)

	The Ultimate Biospheres (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		These so-called "Dyson Spheres" would be capable of capturing all of the star's energy for use by these civilizations.
		The "Dyson Sphere" constructing civilizations would rank at the late evolutionary stages of Type II societies in the transition phase to Type III communities.
		If the radius of the Dyson sphere is taken to be 1 astronomical unit (1 AU = the mean distance between the earth and the sun) it's volume would be 4piR^2S, where R is the radius of the sphere* (1 AU) and S thickness.
	seds.lpl.arizona.edu /nodes/NODEv4n3-10.html (385 words)

	Featured Question (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		(Dyson was not the first to come up with the idea, but he popularized it.) He theorized that a very successful technological civilization will ultimately need all of the energy available from its sun and thus would ultimately build a structure, or a series of structures, to surround its sun with solar energy collectors.
		That means that the temperature of the sphere would be in the narrow range where water is liquid ---say 300 Kelvin or so (37 degrees Celsius, 98 degrees Fahrenheit)---for a reasonable air pressure.
		So, although JWST could observe a Dyson Sphere, it would not be able to differentiate between an artifact and a naturally-occurring object.
	ngst.gsfc.nasa.gov /QuestionOfTheWeek/2003/2003-11-07.html (442 words)

	Dyson Sphere
		The Dyson Sphere is an artificial sphere the size of a planetary orbit.
		The sphere would consist of a shell of solar collectors or habitats around the star, so that all (or at least a significant amount) energy will hit a receiving surface where it can be used.
		A rigid dyson shell would require superstrong materials, and its construction is complicated since half a shell is unstable.
	www.itsf.org /resources/factsheet.php?fsID=111 (226 words)

	SF Citations for OED
		Freeman Dyson, semi-mythic physicist and generator of a number of ideas that science fiction writers have been stealing for years, the `Dyson sphere' being perhaps the best known.
		A Dyson Sphere, for those of you who may be unfamiliar with all the large imaginary artifacts to be found in science fiction, is the rest of a Ringworld, which is only a ribbon cut out from the equator of a sphere.
		In the vastness of the Dyson Sphere, the life forms aboard that alien ship might simply assume that the Darwin and its crew were only yet more denizens of Dyson that they had not yet encountered.
	www.jessesword.com /sf/view/254 (674 words)

	NOVA NOTES : RETHINKING DYSON SPHERES
		Dyson spheres were a serious proposal by Freeman Dyson.
		Another objection to a Dyson sphere is a purely esthetic one voiced in Ringworld.
		The medieval idea of the Celestial spheres, with the earth at the center, and the sun in one sphere, the moon in another, the stars in the outermost sphere....
	www.novanotes.com /may2003/may242003.htm (948 words)

	Curious About Astronomy: What is a Dyson Sphere?
		A Dyson Sphere is a hypothetical artificial space platform which very advanced alien civilizations might construct in order to harness all of the light of their parent star.
		The sphere surrounds the star completely, forming a shell around it of about the radius of the Earth's orbit.
		Dyson Spheres are important, because they should be directly detectable from Earth as something completely different from a star, and are one of the few ways of directly indicating the existance of alien life.
	curious.astro.cornell.edu /question.php?number=209 (283 words)

	Halfbakery: quasi-dyson's sphere
		A Dyson's Sphere is a hollow sphere constructed around a star intended to gather all solar energe available instead of a fraction of a percent.
		A sphere that is 95% reflective opaque and trasparent only at the south polar cap should produce a neat jet of moisture as condensing water runs down the sphere to the south pole.
		I was just reading the FAQ mentioned and it had a brief descripton of a SupraJupiter, which is a dyson sphere around the gas giant to capture the planets' energy.
	www.halfbakery.com /idea/quasi-dyson_27s_20sphere (609 words)

	Engineering: Dyson Sphere (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Dyson Sphere was first theorized by physicist Freeman Dyson in the early twentieth century.
		This layer could be shaped into a sphere around the system's sun at a distance of one AU (astronomical unit - one Earth-Sun distance), creating an Earth-like habitat with over a billion times the surface area of Earth.
		The New Mutants encountered a Dyson Sphere when they were transported there by Lila Cheney, who uses it as a base of operations.
	www.mutanthigh.com /tech/dyson.html (155 words)

	Feature
		Freeman Dyson is renowned in science circles not only for his rigor and insight, but for his science fiction imaginativeness and populist ethics.
		Though raised and educated in England, Dyson, a retired professor of physics, has spent the last 45 years at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey.
		Dyson's popular books, such as Disturbing the Universe, Infinite in All Directions, and, most recently, Imagined Worlds, are esteemed among scientists, technologists, and the public alike.
	www.wired.com /wired/archive/6.02/dyson.html (636 words)

	Dyson Sphere - ForumGarden (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		A Dyson Sphere is a hypothetical structure that was first theorized by Freeman Dyson, a physicist in the '50's.
		The sphere would cover the entire surface of a star allowing all the star's energy to be used.
		In a Dyson swarm, some of the collectors would be in the shadow of other collectors, which would reduce the efficiency of the swarm, but not by a large factor.
	www.forumgarden.com /forums/showthread.php?t=1111 (704 words)

	Astrobiology: The Living Universe - Orbitals and Dyson Spheres
		A Dyson sphere is an enormous artificial sphere that surrounds a star.
		The sphere consists of a patchwork of solar collectors facing the star with hum an habitats on the exterior (or interior) of this sphere.
		Compared to a Dyson sphere, ‘Orbitals’ are smaller and easier to build, but still offer access to a star’s energy and a huge surface area of living space.
	www.ibiblio.org /astrobiology/index.php?page=habitat03 (1052 words)

	Donuts and Dyson Swarms
		These applets simulate several constructions of Dyson spheres: swarms of satellites that capture all the light from a star yet do not collide.
		The swarm of satellites is a Type I Dyson sphere and the shell is a Type II Dyson sphere.
		Type II is probably impossible: the gravity of the sun would cause the poles of the sphere to collapse.
	burtleburtle.net /bob/scifi/dyson.html (1011 words)

	Whistle Stopper Political Forums - Dyson Sphere
		A Dyson sphere would absorb most of the visible and shorter wavelength radiation from its host star and re-emit a portion of it in the form of infrared radiation.3 Its infrared output, in fact, would be similar to that of a protostar.
		A third type of Dyson sphere - a Dyson "bubble" - has been proposed in which the shell would be complete, very thin, and non-rotating.
		A type I Dyson sphere has no gravity and is probably unstable as well.
	www.whistlestopper.com /forum/showthread.php?t=9001 (1271 words)

	Lofted Nest: A Catholic Journey: Dyson Sphere
		For all those who are not science fiction geeks, a Dyson Sphere is a shell formed around a star to capture all its energy for use by the inhabitants within.
		The theory is that an advanced civilization might be hidden from view because they would be able to dismantle entire planets and create a shell around their star, both hiding it from view and also harnessing all its energy.
		I don't know, Freeman Dyson's inspiration for the sphere was Olaf Stapleton's "The Starmaker" -- and Stapleton's "The Last and the First Men" had Man genetically engineering "new-men" for life in certain jobs or on other planets.
	loftednest.blogspot.com /2005/05/dyson-sphere.html (372 words)

	fUSION Anomaly. Dyson Spheres
		The Dyson sphere (or Dyson shell) was originally proposed in 1959 by the astronomer Freeman Dyson in "Search for Artificial Stellar Sources of Infrared Radiation" in Science as a way for an advanced civilisation to utilise all of the energy radiated by their
		It is an artificial sphere the size of an planetary orbit.
		A Dyson sphere in the solar system, with a radius of one AU would have a surface area of at least 2.72e17 km^2, around 600 million times the surface area of the Earth.
	fusionanomaly.net /dysonspheres.html (420 words)

	[No title]
		A shell built around a star to collect as much energy as possible, originally proposed by Freeman Dyson (although he admits to have borrowed the concept from Olaf Stapledon's novel Star Maker (1937)).
		In the original proposal the shell consists of many independent solar collectors and habitats in separate orbits (also known as a Type I Dyson Sphere), but later people have discussed rigid shells consisting of only one piece (called a Type II Dyson Sphere).
		The Dyson Sphere is a classic example of mega-technology and common in Science Fiction.
	www.homoexcelsior.com /omega.db/datum/reference/dyson_sphere/237 (115 words)

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