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Topic: Dzongkha language

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	Dzongkha language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Dzongkha and its dialects are the native tongue of eight western districts of Bhutan (viz.
		Dzongkha study is mandatory in all schools in Bhutan, and the language is the lingua franca in the districts to the south and east where it is not the mother tongue.
		Languages on the Tibetan Plateau and the Himalayas - Nicolas Tournadre
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Dzongkha_language (536 words)

	Bhutan Languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Hindi is understood among Bhutanese educated in India and was the language of instruction in the schools at Ha and Bumthang in the early 1930s as well as in the first schools in the "formal" education system from the beginning of the 1960s.
		Dzongkha was taught in grades one through twelve in the 1980s.
		The Department of Education declared in 1979 that because Dzongkha was the national language, it was "the responsibility of each and every Bhutanese to learn Dzongkha." To aid in language study, the department also published a Dzongkha dictionary in 1986.
	www.country-studies.com /bhutan/languages.html (400 words)

	Dzongkha language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It is a national language of Bhutan but is believed to have a literacy rate of only 1-5%.
		It is also spoken in Nepal and the districts surrounding the city of Kalimpong in northern India.
		The word literally means "language spoken in the dzong", a dzong being a fortified monastery and administrative centre.
	www.encyclopedia-online.info /Dzongkha (94 words)

	Dzongkha language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Agora Language Marketplace Extensive collection of resources: learning materials, language publishers, study abroad, language lab hardware, newsletter for the language professional, and a section devoted to business.
		Language Problems and Language Planning International multi-lingual journal that publishes articles primarily on political, sociological, and economic aspects of language and language use.
		Colon-Language-Center Language Center in Hamburg, Germany, is a large institute which offers language classes in German as a foreign language as well as classes in 18 other languages plus language travels in 20 different countries.
	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-Dzongkha_language.html (486 words)

	Bhutan Language, National Language of Bhutan, Official Language of Bhutan
		Dzongkha is the national language of Bhutan spoken in most parts of Bhutan and Nepali is spoken by the people of southern Bhutan who are of Nepalese origin.
		Although Dzongkha is a major subject in schools, English has taken precedence over Dzongkha in terms of students' interest and their literacy, because most of the subjects like mathematics, science and geography are taught in English.
		Since Dzongkha is not written using Roman characters and many sounds in the language do not have a match in the English language, it becomes tedious to write the exact pronunciation translation in English.
	bhutan.saarctourism.org /bhutan-language.html (469 words)

	RAOnline Bhutan: Dzongkha - National Language in danger
		Dzongkha, in his view, has regained its status as the national language.
		The government has directed that the national language should be used in official meetings within the country and for all correspondences including appointment orders, transfer orders, promotion orders, and circulars.
		The dzongkha development commission is planning to publish and release the new dictionary in 2002.
	www.raonline.ch /pages/bt/visin/bt_dzongkha01b.html (1154 words)

	land of the thunder dragon - bhutan, nation heritage of bhutan
		Dzongkha, "the language of the dzongs", is one of the Tibetan family of languages.
		Originally only spoken in western Bhutan, Dzongkha is now the Bhutanese national language, and is taught in schools throughout the kingdom.
		The written form of the language was only devised a little over 30 years ago, and is based on Classical Tibetan (known as Choekey in Bhutan) which has prevailed as a religious language throughout a vast geographical area (Tibet, Nepal, Ladakh, Sikkim, Mongolia and Bhutan) since as long ago as the eighth century.
	www.jetairtours.com /bhutan_heritage.htm (694 words)

	South Asian Media Net
		Dzongkha is the modern Bhutanese vernacular language derived from Old Tibetan through many centuries of separate evolution on Bhutanese soil.
		The Dzongkha grammar in English was meant to serve both as a reference grammar and as a language textbook.
		The Dzongkha Development Commission in Thimphu also commissioned George van Driem to devise a phonological romanization of the national language for the rendering of Dzongkha in the Roman alphabet.
	www.southasianmedia.net /profile/Bhutan/bhutan_languages.cfm (456 words)

	Talk:Europanto - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Since most english speakers lack any foreign language skills and thus have no idea how languages work, they could get the impression that Esperanto is the same what Europanto is: just a crude mix of different languages without rules, especially facing the fact that the word Esperanto in coloquial english has just that meaning.
		Europanto is not an actual constructed language it is a fictional one to use it as a fun.
		I disagree with the term "fictional", as the language is not derived from fiction.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Talk:Europanto_language (2983 words)

	Bhootan.org
		The Dzongkha language was the dialect of Dzongkha officials and is akin to the Naglong Ke, wherein lies its origin.
		Thus, the language spoken in the Dzongs — which housed the administrative offices, was by and large the Ngalong language.
		The Dzongkha language is today taught in the East, to monks and gomchens, but they usually correspond using ’Cho-kid', because they are better versed in it.
	bhootan.org /print.php?sid=310&POSTNUKESID=e20b56e8724a47f7973cfccd9... (5675 words)

	Bad Comedown: Vista leaves Bhutan steaming (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		When the latest beta of Vista came out, Bhutanese users were expecting Dzongkha, their official language, to be supported, but lo and behold they found their language listed as "Tibetan – Bhutan." And the implication that Bhutan's Dzongkha is a subset of Tibetan did not sit well with everyboy.
		Dzongkha more generally refers to the mother tongue of western Bhutan which is the official national language and lingua franca of all Bhutan.
		Dzongkha is a unique name for the language and locale of Bhutan and as such this name has no possible association with Tibet or with the Dalai Lama.
	badcomedown.blogspot.com /2005/09/vista-leaves-bhutan-steaming.html (484 words)

	RAOnline Bhutan: Dzongkha - Development of Dzongkha dictionaries
		In absence of Dzongkha typewriters, all typed English entries were followed by meanings in Dzongkha, which were laboriously written in longhand.
		Choeked is the basis of written Dzongkha, and therefore, Dzongkha dictionaries, in their origin heavily rely on Choeked.
		A Guide to Dzongkha in Roman Alphabet written in 1971 by Lt. Rinchen Tshering (RBA) and Major A. Daityar (IMTRAT), A Manual of Spoken Dzongkha by Imaeda Yoshiro and Dzongkha Rabsel Lamzang published by the DDC in 1990 are a few examples.
	www.raonline.ch /pages/bt/visin/bt_dzongkha01b2.html (944 words)

	Dzongkha Development Authority - MOE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Dzongkha Development Authority (DDA), the erstwhile Dzongkha Development Commission (DDC), was initially formed in 1986 by His Majesty King Jigme Singye Wangchuk, to develop and promote Dzongkha, the national language of Bhutan.
		The main role of the Authority is to plan both short and long-term policy of the national language Dzongkha, and other native languages, of the Kingdom of Bhutan.
		It strives to establish Dzongkha as the official and administrative language, lingua franca throughout the kingdom, at the same time studying and preserving Bhutan’s diverse linguistic and cultural heritage.
	www.education.gov.bt /Departments/DDA/DDA.htm (445 words)

	IGPC
		Malagasy, the official language of Madagascar is similar to Malay, the language spoken by Malays in Indonesia, Malaysia and Brunei.
		English is the official language and the chief town on the island of Nevis is Charlestown.
		Romanian, one of the Romance languages with national status (along with French, Italian, Portuguese and Spanish) is the official language of this country that was established in 1861 with the unification of the principalities of Moldavia and Walachia.
	www.igpc.net /clientfacts.html (7179 words)

	Language Log: Microsoft Outlaws Dzongkha
		It simply isn't true that Dzongkha is a dialect of Tibetan in the sense in which dialect is usually used.
		The language Dzongkha, literally "language of the fortress", is a South Bodish language related to Dränjoke [a language of Sikkim] and, more distantly, to Tibetan.
		It is because as head of the legitimate government of Tibet he is the symbol of Tibetan resistance to the colonial rule initiated by the Chinese invasion of 1950.
	itre.cis.upenn.edu /~myl/languagelog/archives/002619.html (1312 words)

	Encyclopedia: Tibeto Burman (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		It may be mentioned here that the Deuries are eesentially bilingual speakers with equal competence in Assamese.The population of Deuri is 15955 in Assam according to the 1991Census.
		The Tanee group of languages within the Tibeto Burman subfamily is represented by Mising.
		It is spoken in the districts of Sonitpur, Jorhat, Golaghat, Lakhimpur and Dibrugarh.The Mising population in the state is 381562 (1991).They are essentially bilingual speakers with equal competene in Assamese.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Tibeto_Burman (263 words)

	The Indus Telegraph \|\| Dzongkha losing out
		For the uninitiated Dzongkha is the indigenous language of Bhutan.
		I think you believe language is primarily for communication, and in the end if two people cannot communicate, their languages are useless.
		And personally, I have difficulty with languages, and the less variation (meaning replacing all with one unified grand language) is easier for me. Which I presume is the motivation behind me feeling this way.
	www.industelegraph.com /story/2003/8/27/13155/8549 (1490 words)

	International Campaign for Tibet: Tibet News: Microsoft Sensitive to Chinese Pressure on Bhutan Tibet Link
		The state religion is the Drukpa Kagyu school of Tibetan Buddhism and Dzongkha is the official language.
		Dzongkha has a linguistic relationship to modern Tibetan in a similar way to that between Spanish and Italian.
		The use of the word Dzongkha was graded by Microsoft as a 'ship-stopper', which means that a product may not be produced in any form until the problem is resolved.
	www.savetibet.org /news/newsitem.php?id=836 (350 words)

	Language Log: Dzongkha and Tsong-kha-pa, Voicing and Aspiration
		Some readers are understandably having a hard time interpreting George van Driem's explanation for the Chinese confusion between Dzongkha, the name of the national language of Bhutan, and Tsong-kha-pa, the name of the founder of the dGe-lugs-pa school of...
		He is saying that to those who see the words Dzongkha and Tsong-kha-pa in print, it is obvious that they are different.
		If, however, one does not know how they are written and is unable to perceive the phonetic distinction, due to speaking a language that has no voicing distinction, then they may sound the same.
	itre.cis.upenn.edu /~myl/languagelog/archives/002624.html (749 words)

	Executive Travel, K. K., Inc. - Bhutan December 1998
		Dzongkha is derived from the Tibetian language, but is different enough that the Tibetians cannot understand it.
		The national language is Dzongkha, which is similar to Tibetan, from which it is derived.
		Dzongkha language is now understood countrywide and English is also widely understood and spoken.
	www.executivetvl.com /bhutan/bhutan98.html (4740 words)

	THDL Inputting Tools: Dzongkha Unicode Keyboard for Windows XP
		Dzongkha Unicode Keyboard for Windows XP Based on layout designed jointly by the Dzongkha Development Authority and Department of Information Technology, Royal Government of Bhutan, Chris Fynn has created a Windows XP system keyboard that may be used for input of Dzongkha or Tibetan Unicode text in Microsoft Windows applications.
		The Dzongkha input method (keyboard) is now assigned to that language and it will appear as "Faroese" or "Konkani" (or whichever language you selected) in your taskbar.
		Note: This Dzongkha keyboard was created, and may be modified, using Microsoft's Keyboard Layout Creator (MSKLC) - the MSKLC source file (kbd_Dz.klc) is contained in the archive.
	www.thdl.org /tools/dzkeyboard.html (366 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		17, 2004 Bhutan's national language Dzongkha continues to be the preferred spoken language in the country but, as the tiny Himalayan kingdom opens out to the world, English dominates as the language for reading and writing among high school students and educators.
		For example, a high school student spoke in his or her mother tongue at home with family and spoke English with the teachers, Dzongkha or a mix of different languages among friends, and preferred watching Hindi programmes on television.
		The study further states that while Dzongkha was a dominant language in religion and recreation domain, Nepali was the language of transportation where most public transport drivers spoke the language and Hindi was the preferred language of media and entertainment.
	www.asu.edu /educ/epsl/LPRU/newsarchive/Art5093.txt (315 words)

	Tibetan alphabet, pronunciation and language
		In Mongolia Tibetan is considered the Classical language of Buddhism and was widely taught until quite recently.
		Dzongkha or Bhutanese is spoken by about 500,000 people in Bhutan, where it is the national language, Nepal and India.
		It is a Sino-Tibetan language which is closely related to Tibetan and distantly related to Chinese.
	www.omniglot.com /writing/tibetan.htm (456 words)

	Bhutan gets a taste of Windows (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		But the country is about to get its own taste of the world of Windows as its Dzongkha language is integrated into Microsoft's operating system.
		Fonts for around 4,500 Dzongkha letters, characters and religious symbols have been developed for the Bhutanese version of Windows that will display the characters in the same way for the first time.
		The Orient Foundation, a UK company, has worked with the Dzongkha Development Commission and Microsoft on the project, which was largely funded by the Swiss Development Corporation.
	www.thehoot.org /story.asp?section=&lang=L1&storyid=intranethootL1K086027&pn=1 (332 words)

	eKantipur.com - Nepal's No.1 News Portal
		Bhutan does not have a written constitution yet and is governed by royal decrees.
		Reiterating that Bhutan is a multi-ethnic society with distinct diversity in language, religion and culture, the party stressed on the need to give due consideration to these realities in the proposed constitution for inter-ethnic harmony and peace.
		The proposed constitution only recognizes the Dzongkha language while the Nepalese language, spoken by a significant number of people, has been ignored.
	www.kantipuronline.com /kolnews.php?&nid=37232 (227 words)

	Tibeto-Burman languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Tibeto-Burman linguistic subfamily of the proposed Sino-Tibetan language family is spoken in various central and Asian countries: Myanmar (Burmese language) Tibet (Tibetan language) northern Thailand (Mong language) Nepal Bhutan India (Sikkim Arunachal Pradesh Assam Nagaland Manipur Mizoram Tripura and the Ladakh region of Jammu and Kashmir) and western Pakistan (Balti language).
		The subfamily includes approximately 350 languages; Burmese the most speakers (approximately 32 million).
		Approximately million Tibetans speak one of several related languages.
	www.freeglossary.com /Tibeto-Burman_languages (183 words)

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