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Topic: ECMO

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	Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The ECMO machine continuously pumps blood from the patient through a "membrane oxygenator" that imitates the gas exchange process of the lungs, i.e.
		ECMO is most commonly used in NICU's (Neonatal Intensive Care Units), for newborns in pulmonary distress.
		Management of the ECMO circuit is done by a team of ECMO specialists made up of respiratory therapists and/or nurses that have received training in this specialty.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/ECMO (466 words)

	Diffusion of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO): Report of the Workshop
		ECMO may eventually prove to be an appropriate therapy for certain premature neonates, but the risks for this population appear greater and the benefits less certain at this time.
		ECMO team members are drawn from several specialties and tasks are performed by members of more than one specialty with the key supervisor, for example, being sometimes a pediatric intensivist, sometimes a neonatologist, and sometimes a pediatric cardiac surgeon.
		ECMO seems susceptible to such pressures, especially since the existence of superior neonatal intensive care is often advertised as a reason that prospective mothers should choose a hospital’s obstetrical unit.
	www.nichd.nih.gov /publications/pubs/ecmo_report.cfm (13238 words)

	ECMO
		ECMO (Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation) is a treatment method for critically ill newborns whose lungs are unable to provide sufficient oxygenation of the blood.
		ECMO therapy acts as an artificial heart and lung to support oxygenation for a period of days while the baby's lungs are allowed to recover.
		Although the ECMO circuit will provide a majority of the oxygenation necessary, your baby will continue to be on low ventilator settings as the lungs are allowed to rest and recover.
	www.uchsc.edu /sm/peds/neonatol/ecmo.html (1550 words)

	Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation \| AHealthyMe.com
		ECMO is used most often in newborns and young children, but it also can be used as a last resort for adults whose heart or lungs are failing.
		ECMO is also used to support a child or adult patient's damaged, infected, or failing lungs for a few hours to allow treatment or healing.
		Adults may remain on ECMO for days to weeks, depending on the condition of the patient, but treatment may be continued for a longer time depending on the type of heart or lung disease, the amount of damage to the lungs before ECMO was begun, and the presence of any other illnesses or health problems.
	www.ahealthyme.com /topic/topic100586798 (1200 words)

	Questions Parents Ask - Cardiac ECMO Program - Clinical Services - Children's Hospital Boston
		The ECMO procedure is similar to a heart-lung bypass used during open-heart surgery.
		ECMO support is established by the surgical placement of large IV-like catheters, known as cannulae, into veins and arteries.
		ECMO is generally continued until the underlying cardiac or lung problem is improved or resolved.
	www.childrenshospital.org /clinicalservices/Site459/mainpageS459P4.html (1557 words)

	ECMO information
		ECMO is used when a baby or child has a condition which prevents the lungs from working properly, i.e.
		In Veno-arterial ECMO, the second cannula allows blood which has passed round the circuit and is now high in oxygen and low in carbon dioxide to re-enter your baby into a main artery and circulate around the body.
		The ECMO nurse will check the clotting time (ACT) of the blood in the circuit at least once an hour and adjust the heparin infusion to keep this at the best level to minimise the risk of bleeding.
	www.gla.ac.uk /departments/surgicalpaediatrics/ecmoinfo.htm (1193 words)

	ECMO
		ECMO, which stand for Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation, is a sophisticated procedure similar to the heart-lung bypass machine used in cardiac surgery.
		ECMO takes over the oxygenation and heart function in children who have advanced lung and/or cardiac disease or have suffered severe trauma.
		The excellence of the NICU's ECMO program was recently verified by the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO), an international consortium of healthcare professionals and scientists, who recently presented the NICU at Emanel Children's Hospital with the ELSO Award for Excellence in Life Support.
	www.legacyhealth.org /body.cfm?id=758 (517 words)

	cbs4boston.com - Breaking Ground With ECMO Technology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		ECMO is for patients whose lungs cannot function on their own.
		ECMO serves as an artificial lung to distribute oxygen in the body for patients with acute, reversible respiratory failure, from such causes as meconium aspiration.
		ECMO is indicated when conventional breathing machines cannot sustain life or already are damaging sensitive lung tissue.
	cbs4boston.com /massgeneralpediatrics/local_story_287101434.html (959 words)

	Vanderbilt Children's Hospital : Our Services : Services and Programs : Specialties and Services : ECMO Program : ...
		ECMO is necessary when a child has severe lung or heart problems,and standard forms of treatment are not effective.
		ECMO can be used to pump the blood to the lungs and throughout the body, so the heart can rest and heal.
		When the ECMO flow is decreased to a certain point then the cannulae can be clamped, stopping blood flow from the circuit to the child.This allows the child's lungs to work without the support of ECMO.
	www.vanderbiltchildrens.com /interior.php?mid=974 (2596 words)

	A Rainbow of Hope: ECMO (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		ECMO was developed by Dr. Robert Bartlett when he wondered if a heart/lung machine could be used for days or weeks at a time to improve survival rates after surgery (1).
		If VV ECMO is utilized, the second cannula is either in the vein or only one cannula with two separate lumen is used (5).
		Because ECMO is a relatively new procedure, long-term effects of being on it are not really known.
	www.arainbowofhope.com /ECMO.html (1287 words)

	Pediatric ECMO Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygen Children's Comprehensive Center for Heart Care Dallas, Texas
		ECMO is a special procedure that uses an artificial heart-lung machine similar to the bypass equipment used during open-heart surgery to take over the work of the heart and lungs.
		The ECMO machine is actually three parts working in concert to properly oxygenate your child's blood, a pump (artificial heart), an artificial lung and a blood warmer.
		Progressively, the ECMO machine will be lowered until it is only responsible for a small portion of the heart and lung's work.
	www.childrens.com /cardiology/services/ecmo.cfm (386 words)

	ECMO - A Family Guide
		ECMO is used for children and adult patients with severe, but reversible heart or lung disorders that have not responded to the usual treatments of mechanical ventilation (ventilator), medicines, and extra oxygen.
		The length of time on ECMO may be affected by: the type of lung or heart disease, the amount of damage to the lungs before ECMO, and other illnesses or complications.
		ECMO substitutes for the function of the lungs and heart by pumping blood out of the body; oxygen is added to the blood and carbon dioxide is removed before it is returned to the patient.
	www.ards.org /learnaboutards/treatment/ecmo.html (1389 words)

	ECMO (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Continuous monitoring with the Transonic flowsensor ensures that the optimal perfusion level is maintained throughout the ECMO run.
		Many ECMO centers employ a secondary venous catheter in the jugular vein to augment venous flow.
		Due to the low flow rates in these cannulas (often less than 100 ml/min), and the fact that they are extremely position sensitive, there is a risk of their clotting off within 24 hours.
	www.transonic.com /ecmo.shtml (134 words)

	Cardiac ECMO - Family factsheets - GOSH and ICH
		ECMO was pioneered in the USA in the late 1980s and came to the UK a few years later.
		During the time your child is on ECMO, he or she will be cared for by a number of different people from different specialities, all part of the ECMO team.
		If your child needed the ECMO to rest his or her heart, the length of time on ECMO is usually about one to two weeks.
	www.ich.ucl.ac.uk /factsheets/families/F040018/index.html (3761 words)

	ECMO (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		ECMO uses a heart-lung machine similar to the one in open-heart surgery.
		The ECMO machine is made up of several parts: a pump, an artificial lung, a blood warmer and an arterial filter.
		The ECMO machine does most of the work for the child’s heart and lungs and even though your child looks much better, it is important to remember that the ECMO machine is doing the work the heart and/or lungs can’t do.
	www.heart-transplant.co.uk /ecmo.htm (775 words)

	ECMO Circuit (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In Veno-arterial ECMO (the kind Theresa has), the second cannula allows blood which has passed round the circuit and is now high in oxygen and low in carbon dioxide to re-enter the baby into a main artery and circulate around the body.
		The profusionist and ECMO nurse check the clotting time (ACT) of the blood in the circuit every one to two hours and adjust the heparin infusion to keep this at the best level to minimize the risk of bleeding.
		Aside from the ECMO ciruit, there are several other machines recording her vital signs, the ventilator, medicine pumps, etc. For the most part, unless we are actively watching the monitors, we watch Theresa, and now I don't even notice all the machines, tubing, and wires, and only see my little girl.
	home.earthlink.net /~brownta1us/id18.html (803 words)

	ECMO Team - Children's Healthcare of Atlanta
		The ECMO team caring for your child is made up of a neonatologist or an intensivist, surgeon, ECMO primer, ECMO specialist, ICU nurses and respiratory therapists.
		ECMO primer: An intensive care nurse or respiratory therapist educated in the functioning of the ECMO machine.
		Social worker and ECMO parent liaison: The social worker is educated to help families cope with the feelings and experience of having a child in the hospital.
	www.choa.org /default.aspx?id=804 (282 words)

	Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO)
		Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is used to temporarily replace functioning of the heart and lungs for pulmonary support during pulmonary dysfunctioning.
		ECMO is indicated for the neonates with acutely severe, potentially lethal, respiratory failure that is unresponsive to conventional management, when the primary condition is reversible.
		ECMO maintains systemic oxygen delivery and carbon dioxide removal from the blood in proper proportion to systemic metabolism.
	www.bcbst.com /MPManual/Extracorporeal_Membrane_Oxygenat.htm (618 words)

	eMedicine - Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation : Article by Edwin Rodríguez, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The purpose of ECMO is to allow time for intrinsic recovery of the lungs and heart; a standard cardiopulmonary bypass provides support during various types of cardiac surgical procedures.
		Evaluation of a pediatric patient for ECMO support is largely based on an assessment of the patient's condition and the institutional experience with pediatric ECMO.
		At age 1 year, the stress level of the mother of an infant previously on ECMO is the same as the stress level in the family of a preterm infant.
	www.emedicine.com /ped/topic2895.htm (3930 words)

	Use of ECMO for pediatric patients proves successful: 8/21
		ECMO is essentially a lung bypass technique that’s mainly used to oxygenate blood so that injured or diseased lungs can rest.
		While ECMO has proven to be useful in treating children, it remains a procedure with many potential complications.
		Plus when a neonate or a child is placed on ECMO, it’s necessary to sacrifice the carotid artery and jugular vein on one side of the neck so that the bypass cannulas can be inserted into the heart.
	www.musc.edu /catalyst/archive/1998/co8-21use.htm (729 words)

	Cardiac ECMO for biventricular hearts after paediatric open heart surgery -- Chaturvedi et al. 90 (5): 545 -- Heart
		Figure 1 Distribution of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) run durations for the whole group plotted as a histogram and as a probability density curve (the area under both is 1).
		The first peak in the distribution of unsuccessful ECMO runs is due to withdrawal of support from patients with brain death.
		An interval between cardiopulmonary bypass and ECMO resulted in a lower platelet transfusion rate in patients in the cardiac intensive care unit (CICU) (p = 0.0015).
	heart.bmj.com /cgi/content/full/90/5/545 (3934 words)

	ECMO Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		VA ECMO is mainly used in people with heart problems or blood pressure problems.
		In this case, the blood is taken from a major vein and returned to another major vein after oxygenation.
		One problem with this type of ECMO is that oxygenated blood may be recirculated through the machine.
	biomed.brown.edu /Courses/BI108/BI108_2001_Groups/ECMO/Types.htm (163 words)

	CBBS: Risk of hyperkalemia from irradiated Red Cells used to prime ECMO circuits in neonates
		An ECMO Coordinator at an academic center in a Sunbelt state reports that they use irradiated and leukoreduced RBCs for their ECMO procedures, as per their blood bank policy for neonatal blood products.
		The ECMO tubing pack is set up sterile, filled with CO2 (for easier debubbling), and 1.5 liters Isolyte is added, circulated with the ECMO pump and debubbled.
		The user of the forum, by accessing same, assumes all risks arising out of such use and releases CBBS and AABB and their respective members, directors, officers and agents from and against any loss, damage, claim or liability arising out of such use of the forum.
	www.cbbsweb.org /enf/2004/ecmo2.html (701 words)

	ECMO Terms :: ECMO :: Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center
		These tubes carry the blood from the patient to the ECMO system and return it to the patient.
		ECMO FLOW: The amount of blood that moves through the circuit per minute.
		THE ECMO TEAM: This team is composed of specially trained Registered Respiratory Therapists, Registered Nurses, Physicians and other allied health professionals.
	www1.wfubmc.edu /ECMO/FAQ/Terms.htm (365 words)

	ECMO (Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		ECMO is an artificial heart/lung bypass machine used to support children who are suffering from an illness that has caused the lungs and/or heart to fail.
		A registered nurse and an ECMO technician remain at the patient’s bedside at all times.
		In addition to medical specialists, Children’s social workers work closely with the ECMO team to support parents and families during this stressful time.
	www.neo.rr.com /Childrens_Medical_Center/departments/ecmo.html (208 words)

	Children's National Medical Center ECMO & Advanced Therapies for Respiratory Failure - Welcome (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The winter ECMO conference is a forum for the presentation and discussion of current therapies and techniques in Extracorporeal Life Support and advanced therapies for respiratory failure.
		Didactic presentation will be combined with panel discussions, and short research presentations to enhance the audiences knowledge in the area of the latest treatments for respiratory and/or cardiovascular failure, while enhancing their knowledge in the latest known in the pathophysiology of disease in this population.
		The Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine is accredited by the ACCME to provide continuing medical education for physicians.
	www.ecmomeeting.com (473 words)

	The Collaborative UK ECMO Trial: Follow-up to 1 Year of Age -- UK Collaborative ECMO Group 101 (4): e1 -- Pediatrics
		There were 101 survivors: 63 in the ECMO group and 38 in the conventional group.
		One infant in the ECMO group was considered too disabled to test using the Griffiths Mental Development Scales.
		The lower rate of adverse primary outcome was found among infants allocated ECMO in all the predefined stratified analyses.
	pediatrics.aappublications.org /cgi/content/full/101/4/e1 (5215 words)

	BCM Neonatology: Clinical - Programs: ECMO (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		ECMO - extracorporeal membrane oxygenation - first became a viable treatment for severe neonatal respiratory failure in 1987.
		The goal of ECMO is to support tissue oxygenation in infants with severe respiratory failure due to reversible pulmonary disease.
		The process is to withdraw venous blood from the infant, remove carbon dioxide, add oxygen, then return the oxygenated blood to the body.
	www.neonate.net /clinical/programs/ecmo.htm (208 words)

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