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	PHYS3710, Lasers and Applications
		EDFA’s have peak lasing transitions near 1550nm, which is also the wavelength that silica is most transparent to.
		EDFA’s are most useful in telecommunications systems as most telco systems operate at 1550nm because of the low attenuation of the signal in the fibre cable.
		EDFA’s are therefore future proof, as the in most cases only terminal equipment needs to be changed to improve the capacity of the fibre.
	ugrad.phys.unsw.edu.au /~dkruss/essay.htm (971 words)

	EDFA. Who is EDFA? What is EDFA? Where is EDFA? Definition of EDFA. Meaning of EDFA.
		To prevent this, the power levels of all the signals in a WDM group must be kept carefully balanced.
		The most common dopant used in fiber amplifiers is erbium, and such a fiber amplifier is known as an erbium-doped fiber amplifier, or EDFA.
		Note: The text of an earlier version of this article was taken from the public domain Federal Standard 1037C.
	www.knowledgerush.com /kr/encyclopedia/EDFA (291 words)

	EDFA - Erbium Doped Fibre Amplifier
		EDFAs allow an optical pulse to travel long distances before electrical regeneration is required.
		EDFAs, unlike regenerators, do not convert the signal back to electric before boosting it.
		In an EDFA, optical fibers are doped with the rare earth element erbium, which can amplify light in the 1550-nm region when pumped by an external laser.
	www.auditmypc.com /acronym/EDFA.asp (179 words)

	United States Patent: 5,815,308
		A symmetrical EDFA configuration with a frequency tunable reflection attenuator is used as a bidirectional amplifier.
		As is known, an EDFA is at lasing threshold when the round-trip gain equals one, i.e., G.sub.max.sup.2 R.sub.1 R.sub.2 =1, where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are reflections on respective sides of the EDFA and G.sub.max is the gain peak of the amplifier.
		This EDFA configuration uses an optical amplifier in each of two parallel branches such that reflected light from one side is amplified by one of the branches and reflected light from the other side is amplified by the other branch resulting in noisy multiple reflections.
	cictr.ee.psu.edu /research/ocn/p5815308.html (3676 words)

	ELEKTRO INDONESIA - Menghubungkan Dunia: Kisah mengenai EDFA dan WDM (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Selama ini pendekatan yang dilakukan untuk mengantisipasi peningkatan jumlah permintaan sambungan komunikasi adalah dengan membangun jaringan-jaringan baru yang satu sama lain tidak terhubung.
		EDFA merupakan suatu serat optik yang intinya (core) dikotori oleh atom erbium sehingga dapat memberikan penguatan terhadap sinyal yang melewatinya.
		Dimisalkan suatu EDFA memiliki dua puncak terjadinya penguatan, masing-masing untuk kanal yang berbeda, dengan perbedaan sebesar 2 dB.
	www.elektroindonesia.com /elektro/tel28.html (1519 words)

	Optical Amplifiers
		EDFAs allow information to be transmitted over longer distances without the need for conventional repeaters.
		The output of the first stage EDFA and the input of the second stage EDFA are brought out the user.
		Yet another benefit of EDFAs is the data rate independence means that system upgrades only require changing the launch/receive terminals.
	www.fiber-optics.info /articles/op-amp.htm (1941 words)

	Wideband EDFA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		EDFA’s allow optical signals to be transmitted over longer distances without the need for conventional repeaters.
		At the heart of the EDFA, the fiber is doped with erbium, a rare earth element that happens to have the appropriate energy levels in its atomic structure for amplifying light at 1550 nm.
		An EDFA may also be used in a dense wavelength-division multiplexing (DWDM) system in which the system is upgraded by adding additional sources at different wavelengths and combining them onto a single fiber using a DWDM multiplexer.
	www.mrfiber.com /Wideband_EDFA.htm (805 words)

	EDFAs: Actual EDFAs
		These are fairly standard rack-mount EDFA units for laboratory or industrial use.
		The OA915 is a 980nm-pumped EDFA with a maximum power of +25dBm, which is very good.
		While they don't go into detail about this, that probably means that an EDFA with Yb or some other optically active co-dopant is being used.
	www.mse.vt.edu /faculty/hendricks/mse4206/projects98/group08/mse4206-project-section3.html (645 words)

	EDFA - Webopedia.com
		EDFA is an optical repeater device that is used to boost the intensity of optical signals being carried through a fiber optic communications system.
		An optical fiber is doped with the rare earth element erbium so that the glass fiber can absorb light at one frequency and emit light at another frequency.
		EDFA removes this step from the process: all the steps of its operation are the actions of photons, so there is no conversion of optical signals to electronic signals.
	systems.webopedia.com /TERM/E/EDFA.html (258 words)

	Student name: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		EDFA provides low-noise amplification to the optical signals over a 32 nm wide band that may contain 40 100-GHz spaced channels (or 80 50-GHz spaced channels).
		EDFA is transparent, insensitive to signal protocol, format and bit rate.
		They are required to understand some basics of Er-doped fiber and different configurations of EDFA such as forward pumped and backward pumped EDFA.
	www.ee.ryerson.ca /~courses/ele800/gu/xg1.htm (209 words)

	News-EDFA Approval (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The low cost EDFA uses an un-cooled 980nm pump laser to reduce the cost and power consumption.
		The compact low cost EDFA is designed to amplify from one to four 100 GHz-spaced channels in the C-band or one to eight 50 GHz-spaced channels in the C-band.
		The compact low cost EDFA has many competitive features, including low cost, small size (40x70x12 mm); low power dissipation over a wide operating temperature range; high small signal gain and low noise figure for the pre-amplifier; high saturated output power for the booster amplifier; and tailored optical and electrical performance for different applications.
	www.lightwaves2020.com /news_edfa.html (367 words)

	Nuphoton Technologies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		NP2000 EDFA comes in two types, one designed for single channel applications such as CATV, and the other is optimized for multi-channel DWDM applications.
		The NP2000 EDFA provides very good noise performance for high power applications with 980nm pump in the input stage and 1480nm pumps in the subsequent amplification stages.
		DWDM EDFA is available up to 20dBm output power from single pump configuration and up to 23dBm output power from dual pump configuration.
	www.nuphoton.com /catv.html (239 words)

	Ultracompact EDFA delivers on price and performance (June 2003) - News & Analysis - fibers.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		An ultracompact erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) developed by US start-up Lightwaves2020 is proving itself as a cost-effective alternative to semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) for space-limited applications.
		SOA devices, with their well-known compact butterfly package, have so far been the technology of choice in applications where space is at a premium.
		The ultracompact EDFA's small footprint, which measures just 50 x 30 x 8 mm, is achieved through a much-simplified structure that exploits hybrid component integration and the use of reduced-cladding fiber to ensure reliable performance.
	www.fibres.org /articles/news/5/6/19/1 (385 words)

	UOI-EDFA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		UOI's EDFAs are uncooled, small form factor optical fiber amplifier modules that consist of integrated devices, erbium doped fiber and electronic control circuits.
		They can be employed as booster amplifiers to provide power at the transmitters and optical power compensating site or as pre-amplifiers to amplify weak signals just before they enter the optical receiver.
		This agreement among leading optical component manufacturers provides a multiple vendor source for a standardized EDFAs with a common form factor and adjustable functionality.
	www.unitedoptronics.com /edfa.html (98 words)

	Fibercore Advanced Singlemode Fiber Optics - Product Catalogue - Erbium Doped fiber and EDFA Products The DF1500 Range ...
		Performance is highly dependent upon the precise configuration and execution of the EDFA design.
		EDFA Design_LITE is supplied free-of charge with your first order for 2000 metres of DF1500F or 1500 metres of DF1500L.
		The ability to achieve consistent, low-loss splices between the gain fiber, pump WDM and signal fibers is one of the key factors that dictates EDFA performance.
	www.fibercore.com /15erbium.php (467 words)

	Products-EDFA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The low-cost EDFA is a small form factor module with a cooler-less pump laser that offers economical amplification for a wide range of applications.
		The EDFA has many competitive features, including: a compact package (40x70x12 mm or MSA compatible); low cost; extremely low power dissipation over a wide operating temperature range; high small signal gain and low noise figure for the pre-amplifier; sufficiently saturated output power for the booster amplifier; and tailored optical and electrical performance for different applications.
		A gain block and a fully functional amplet are optionally provided to enable customers to customize the EDFA to their needs.
	www.lightwaves2020.com /products_edfa.html (178 words)

	Lucent Technologies announces world's smallest optical amplifier for high-speed optical transmission systems (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The new device, called the S1730, is an erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) that measures 79 x 20 x 107 millimeters - the industry's smallest full-amplifier module.
		EDFA's allow optical signals to be transmitted over very long distances without the need for signal regeneration particularly in the fast-growing dense wavelength-division multiplexing (DWDM) marketplace.
		According to ElectroniCast, a leading industry analyst firm, the global market for EDFA modules is approximately 65,000 units this year.
	www.lucent.com /press/0799/990721.mea.html (507 words)

	Welcome To EDFA! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Without their individual dedication, insight, technical skills and total commitment, we would be no different than any number of other practitioners in the environmental profession.
		EDFA provides strategic environmental consulting services, and I am often asked by new clients exactly what this term conveys.
		EDFA has the desire, proven capability and technical systems to work effectively with the variety of special interests commonly represented in business today.
	www.edf-associates.com /message_from_president.htm (199 words)

	erbium amplifier - a Whatis.com definition - see also: EDFA, optical amplifier, erbium-doped fiber amplifier
		An erbium amplifier, also called optical amplifier or an erbium-doped fiber amplifier or EDFA, is an optical or IR repeater that amplifies a modulated laser beam directly, without opto-electronic and electro-optical conversion.
		The beams emerging from the EDFA retain all of their original modulation characteristics, but are brighter than the input beams.
		This is because, even if a laser beam can transmit several gigabits per second (Gbps) of data, the electronic circuits of a conventional repeater cannot.
	searchnetworking.techtarget.com /sDefinition/0,,sid7_gci214539,00.html (356 words)

	Nuphoton Technologies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		For good noise performance, 980nm pump is used in the input stage and for high power applications 1480nm pumps are used in the subsequent stages.
		DWDM EDFA is available up to 20dBm output power from single pump and up to 23dBm output power from dual pump configuration.
		Single-channel EDFAs are available up to 33dBm with basic compact gain block with two pumps.
	www.nuphoton.com /gainblock.html (215 words)

	EDFA GAIN BLOCK - Nuphoton Technologies - May, 1999 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The NP-2000 erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) optical gain block from Nuphoton Technologies is an efficient fiber pumped with 980-nm semiconductor laser pumps.
		Wavelength combiners combine the pump laser and the incoming signal into the erbium-doped fiber for signal amplification.
		Input and output isolation makes the EDFA insensitive to the unwanted reflections from optical connectors.
	www.photonics.com /spectra/newprods/XQ/ASP/newprodid.2213/QX/read.htm (113 words)

	Gain Switched Variable Gain EDFA From RED-C
		This Gain Switched Variable-Gain EDFA provides excellent performance, such as: up to 12 dB gain variation, Noise Figure lower than 5 dB at all gains and excellent gain flattening.
		For all these qualities the Sentior 2120 is expected to gain a large market share in networks which are highly sensitive to price-performance ratio, such as Metro, Regional, Access and FTTH networks.
		Our new Gain Switched Variable-Gain EDFA is an innovative concept, which allows system vendors to build simple, resilient, and more reliable optical networks at substantially lower costs.
	www.prnewswire.com /cgi-bin/stories.pl?ACCT=104&STORY=/www/story/03-01-2005/0003108729&EDATE= (366 words)

	PRL Talk Abstract, 17/01/2002 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		For the second, optimization of EDFA for 320km Optical Transmission Link of 128 Channel DWDM(dense wavelength-division-multiplexing) Signals is presented.
		The optical fiber amplifier is composed of distributed Raman amplifier and dual C/L-band EDFAs.
		Gain and NF of the optimized EDFAs were more than 19dB and less than 7.5dB, respectively.
	www.ee.mu.oz.au /staff/yjwen/prlmeetings/17-01-02.html (166 words)

	Lightwave - Red-C Optical Networking launches Self-Managed EDFA for WDM networks
		Being an essential consideration in WDM networks and highly dependent upon the characteristics of the network's optical components, the transmission spectral status must be monitored and analyzed at all times and a provision is made for alerts and correction measures when spectral failure is detected.
		Current EDFAs, designed for closing the gain-loop (optical power) only, require system management to constantly monitor and supervise all optical components incorporated along the transmission line, resulting in a heavy overhead burden as well as an intensive and complex management layer.
		The Self-Managed EDFA, is complemented with RED-C's newly released Sentior 9000, a Raman amplifier incorporating a line analyzing unit and eye-safety protection and the Sentior 2120, a cost-effective variable-gain EDFA based on a fixed gain, single stage, single pump EDFA capable of switching various saturable absorbers.
	lw.pennnet.com /Articles/Article_Display.cfm?Section=OnlineArticles&SubSection=Display&PUBLICATION_ID=13&ARTICLE_ID=207253 (499 words)

	Purdue-NCATE-Programs-AP-Building Level Administrator (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		EDFA 500 – Philosophy of Education - syllabus
		EDFA 514 – Economics of Education - syllabus
		EDFA 591 A and B (ELCF 520) School-Based Leadership - syllabus
	admin2.soe.purdue.edu /ncate/Programs/AP/AP-PS-BLAD.htm (383 words)

	Wideband 980-nm Dual-Pumped EDFA for lightwave AM-VSB distribution systems (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		This paper investigates the transmission characteristics of 980-nm dual-pumped erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) used in an optical AM-VSB video distribution system.
		The output power and noise figure of home-made EDFA was measured for different EDF length.
		Excellent characteristics of EDFA was achieved with output power of 17dBm and noise figure of 4.5dB.
	home.dcilab.hinet.net /LCCHEN/511e09.htm (117 words)

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