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Topic: EU competition law

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	EU competition law - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		As the EU is made up of independent member states, both competition policy and the creation of the European single market could be rendered ineffective were member states free to support national companies as they saw fit.
		Primary competence for applying EU competition law rests with European Commission and its Directorate General for Competition, although state aids in some sectors, such as transport, are handled by other Directorates General.
		On 1 May 2004 a decentralised regime for antitrust came into force which is intended to increase the application of EU competition law by national competition authorities and national courts.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/EU_competition_law (264 words)

	EU Competition Law Takes Effect in January (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Hungary’s competition law was broadly welcomed in last year’s European Commission country report, with the qualification that tax incentives must be altered to conform to EU law.
		EU specifications allow investment tax concessions to be granted by the FDI recipient government if they are in proportion to investment costs.
		Budapest and Brussels clashed on the competition law in November and December 2001.
	home.btconnect.com /hungarytrade/itd2/eucmplaw.htm (675 words)

	Masterstudiet i rettsvitenskap - utfyllende regler
		Competition law has both private law and public law aspects, generally with a strong impact of public surveillance and monitoring regulated by statutes or secondary regulations on EU level as well as on on national level.
		Competition law 2003 is in a fundamental transition stage, partly due to major changes in the legal regime, partly due to the forthcoming EU extension for the inclusion of new Member States from Eastern Europe and the Baltic states.
		Competition law regime adopts first of all a legal framework for a market ideology based on the idea that both major, medium and small enterprises should compete under common and equal framework conditions, both in the cross border and domestic trade.
	www.jur.uib.no /studier/Reglementer/master/JUS356.htm (809 words)

	Competition law
		In Latvia competition policy is determined and regulated by the Competition Law, which in its current wording took effect relatively recently, on 1 January 2002.
		Under the Competition Law, agreements between market participants which have as their purpose or effect the hindrance, restriction or distortion of competition in Latvia are prohibited and null and void from the moment of being entered into.
		According to the definition of a market participant contained in the Competition Law, market participants are any persons (also foreign persons) who perform or intend to perform business activity in the territory of Latvia or whose activities have or may have an impact on competition in the territory of Latvia.
	www.klavinsslaidins.lv /html/en/legislation/publications/25946.php (2535 words)

	Competition Law Bulletin - First successful claim in the UK for damages under EU competition law (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The possibility of claiming damages for breach of competition law has been discussed for many years and, although there have been a number of out of court settlements, this judgment marks the first successful action of its kind in the UK.
		This is a pre-Enterprise Act 2002 case, but the judgment brings into sharp focus the provisions of that Act which expressly allow for the bringing of actions for damages caused by breach of competition law.
		Private actions for damages are set to become as important a consideration for businesses in the competition law sphere as investigations and the imposition of fines by competition authorities such as the Office of Fair Trading and the European Commission.
	www.nortonrose.com /HTMLemails/Competition/html_email_May04.htm (286 words)

	Norton Rose - EU competition law firm - antitrust law, EC regulatory lawyers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Norton Rose is one of the few major law firms to combine a substantial merger control practice with a significant non-transactional competition practice, including a specialised cartel investigation unit.
		The competition and regulatory group has wide experience of EU and national competition and regulatory regimes in a wide range of industry sectors.
		Unusually among leading European law firms, we have a large number of senior lawyers who have worked inside government and regulatory agencies - giving us a better understanding of the approach and priorities of competition officials, policymakers and enforcers, and enhancing the value of the services we offer.
	www.nortonrose.com /practice/practice_info.asp?practiceid=3 (308 words)

	Loyens & Loeff > Practice > EU & competition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Loyens and Loeff EU and competition practice group advises a diverse group of clients on the full range of EU and competition law matters.
		The Loyens and Loeff EU and competition law practice group is divided into two centers of expertise: EU and competition and EU and regulatory.
		Restrictive practices: Loyens and Loeff advises its clients on the competition law implications of a variety of business arrangements such as distribution or technology transfer agreements, rebate schemes, Rand D cooperation etc.; Loyens and Loeff also assists parties in the notification process (exemption/negative clearance).
	www.loyensloeff.com /practice/eu.html?print=1 (441 words)

	Eu Competition Law - Competitions Today (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		AandL Goodbody's EU and Competition Law Unit advises a range of public and private...
		The EU and Competition Unit at Charles Russell has a reputation for providing high quality and practical advice to businesses on competition law and on EU...
		EU competition law Competition law is one of the areas of authority of the European Union.
	www.competitionstoday.com /competition/eu-competition-law.html (194 words)

	Kilroys - Law Firm - Competition Law
		Existing EU and Irish law applies, principally the EU Treaty, the EU Mergers Regulation (Regulation 4064/89 as amended by Regulation 1310/97) and the Competition Act 2002.
		In assessing the impact of competition law on any given e-business activity, the first issue to be addressed is the identification of the relevant market.
		Exemptions from this blanket prohibition include de minimis agreements in the case of EU competition rules and agreements for which an individual exemption or licence has been obtained from either the EU Commission or the Irish Competition Authority, as appropriate.
	www.kilroys.ie /ebusiness/competition_law.htm (502 words)

	Encyclopedia: EU competition law (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Antitrust or competition laws, legislate against trade practices that are claimed to undermine competitiveness or are considered to be unfair.
		EU member states and candidates in 2004 // Current members There are currently 25 member states in the European Union.
		A single market is a customs union with common policies on product regulation, and freedom of movement of all the factors of production (goods, services, capital and labour).
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/EU-competition-law (600 words)

	Application of EU Competition Law in Ireland
		It continues the shift towards a competition law regime which is consistent with economic theory, a process which began with the Green Paper on Vertical Restraints.
		Although Irish competition law has provided for criminal penalties for breaches of competition law since mid 1996, it must be said, the results to date have been disappointing.
		Regulation/1/2003 by providing for the decentralised application of EU competition law and allowing Member States to apply it using their existing national law procedures means that individual Member States may impose such sanctions.
	www.compecon.ie /Clasf%20Speech.htm (5241 words)

	EU & Competition - Service Groups (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		SJ Berwin's EU and Competition Department is widely recognised as one of the leading practices in EU and competition law, operating from London, Brussels, Munich, Madrid and Paris.
		Unlike many other City law firms, SJ Berwin's EU and Competition practice spans not only competition law but also a broad range of other areas of EU law.
		We have an active regulatory and trade law practice and a cutting edge EU/competition law litigation practice before both national and EU courts.
	www.sjberwin.com /groups/eu-competition.html (316 words)

	Richards Butler International Law Firm: Competition & EU (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The specialist Competition and EU group advises on all aspects of EU competition/anti-trust laws, and EU law generally.
		It offers practical advice in relation to the competition law implications of commercial policies, including acquisitions, disposals, joint ventures, pricing policies, licensing, distribution strategies etc. It advises on protective action against anti-competitive practices which injure clients' interests, including filing and pursuing complaints with the appropriate authorities or instituting court proceedings.
		The group advises on all aspects of EC and UK competition laws, including state aids, public procurement and dumping and other areas of law affecting competitiveness, including governmental or regulatory barriers to trade, restrictions on freedom to provide services, and fiscal harmonisation.
	www.richardsbutler.com /parea.php?id=5 (260 words)

	Competition Law in the European Communities - European Competition Law
		Competition Law in the European Communities is a monthly newsletter, in its twenty-fifth year of publication.
		Competion Law in the European Communities is essential reading for practitioners and academics in the field.
		Each issue of Competition Law in the European Communities contains articles covering the latest trends and developments in the field of European competition (anti-trust) law, allowing readers to stay right up to date.
	www.competition-law.com (256 words)

	Association Of Undertaking And Eu Competition Law
		...extend the number of cases under..EU law handled by the national authorities, a.....counsel, particularly..in the context of competition law investigations undertaken by.....the...
		EU Distribution Law (3rd edition) Updating information stating the law as at 1 January 2003 Chapter 2 EU Competition Law 2.2 Article 81(1) "Agreements" The Commission's Bayer decision has...
		EU competition law is provided for by the EEC Treaty and is directly applicable in all member states of the EU.
	www.apsol-law.co.uk /association+of+undertaking+and+eu+competition+law.htm (236 words)

	Competition Law (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Within the EU the competition rules are of vital importance not only for the promotion of a competitive market, but also to prevent barriers within the single market.
		The competition authorities may under certain circumstances carry out an inspection (dawn raid) on the premises of an undertaking to establish whether it has infringed the competition rules.
		In resent time the competition authorities have intensified their efforts to fight hardcore cartels, and both Sweden and the EU have adopted new leniency rules.
	www.sandart.se /88.htm (258 words)

	EU - Competition Law
		Competition law analyses often require a determination of the relevant market within which a particular act must be evaluated.
		The European Commission, which is the body primarily concerned with the enforcement of competition law within the EU has now issued a notice setting out its view on the meaning of the term based on its own prior decisions and the decisions of the European Court of Justice and the Court of First Instance.
		a relevant geographic market comprises the area in which the undertakings concerned are involved in the supply of products or services, in which the conditions of competition are sufficiently homogenous and which can be distinguished from neighboring areas because the conditions of competition are appreciably different in those areas.
	www.ladas.com /BULLETINS/1997/1297Bulletin/EU_CompLawRelevantMkt.html (221 words)

	D&W : Our Skills : EU & Competition Law (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		We advise clients in a number of different industries on EU and UK merger clearance and the competition law treatment of agreements between competitors, such as joint ventures and other strategic alliances.
		We prepare tailored and practical competition law compliance manuals designed to educate employees on how to comply with competition laws.
		Our team has extensive experience of contentious EU and competition litigation, challenging OFT and Commission decisions, bringing and defending judicial review and general competition law actions in the UK and Luxembourg.
	www.dundas-wilson.com /skills/eu_competition.php (463 words)

	Solicitors, EU Competition & Law Specialists \| Maitland Walker (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Using a 'question and answer' format it also explains the philosophy underpinning the regulations and competition laws within Europe, in order that the new rules are implemented efficiently.
		The Commission found that this was a clear beach of competition law and accordingly fined the seven companies between €0.43m and €12.6m each.
		In dealing with the elimination of potential competition argument, the Court did not accept that the Commission had demonstrated a significant or growing competition between carton and PET, sufficient to establish the existence of potential competition.
	www.maitlandwalker.com /news_comp_0212.htm (3292 words)

	OUP: Competition Law of the EC and UK (4/e): Furse
		Competition Law of the UK and EC provides a clear and well-structured approach to competition law as it operates in the UK, whilst including the law of the EC and the direct impact this has on UK law.
		This compact text introduces the student to basic economic principles underpinning the law of competition and by maintaining an up to date awareness of all the latest radical developments equips them with the information they require for any undergraduate competition law course.
		Readership: Undergraduates studying Competition law as part of their LLB, where it is typically a third year option.
	www.oup.co.uk /isbn/0-19-925880-5 (725 words)

	Research and Markets - Intellectual Property And EU Competition Law
		These conflicts have to be resolved against the background of a complicated relationship between EU law, national laws and international treaties relating to intellectual property.
		This practical book contains a detailed explanation of the application of EU competition law to all types of intellectual property, including recent developments, and the resulting regulatory framework for the exploitation and licensing of intellectual property rights.
		This detailed and practical text written by a leading authority in the field constitutes an essential guide for all those requiring in-depth knowledge of the application of EU competition law to intellectual property, including legal practitioners, court and competition authority officials, academics and students.
	www.prweb.com /releases/2004/11/prweb180720.htm (393 words)

	EU Competition Law
		The main provisions of EU Competition law are contained in Articles 81 and 82 of the Amsterdam Treaty.
		The Regulation involves moving to a regime designed to tackle serious breaches of competition law and is designed primarily to allow for greater deployment of resources in this area at the expense of more traditional, but from an enforcement point of view, less productive areas.
		The Regulation provides that all national competition authorities are empowered to apply EU competition law.
	www.compecon.ie /EU.htm (504 words)

	Research and Markets :: Research and Markets: Vertical Agreements and EU Competition Law Profiled in Latest Publication
		In many cases, they restrict intra-brand competition in order to promote inter-brand competition, and antitrust authorities have to balance the benefits of these different forms of competition.
		The approach followed under EU competition law in striking this balance has been transformed in recent years.
		However, significant pitfalls and issues remain, and may assume particular commercial significance in the context of the enlargement of the EU with the increased potential for cross-border distribution outside normal channels.
	sev.prnewswire.com /computer-electronics/20050311/LNF00911032005-1.html (264 words)

	Solicitors, EU Competition & Law Specialists \| Maitland Walker (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Julian Maitland-Walker’s long established reputation as an EC and competition law specialist has led to MW developing into the leading niche UK specialist practice in the field.
		Leniency – MW is experienced in assisting clients in leniency applications for competition law infringement and the obtaining of immunity from proceedings on behalf of directors and officers.
		Most notable is MW’s role in acting for the claimant in the leading case of Crehan –v- Inntrepreneur currently pending before the House of Lords which is a landmark case on damages for breach of EC competition law.
	www.maitlandwalker.com /tradelaw.htm (291 words)

	Microsoft (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In many cases, early versions of Microsoft software were buggy and inferior to their competition, but later versions improved rapidly and eventually overwhelmed their competitors by offering more features for a lower price.
		The best example of this is probably that of WordPerfect, which in the early 1990s appeared to have an unassailable dominance over the PC word processor market but eventually found itself in a distant second place.
		Negotiations between Microsoft and the Commission broke down in March 2004, and the company was subsequently handed down a record fine of €497 million ($613 million) for its breaches of EU competition law.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/microsoft (3445 words)

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