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	European Union - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The earliest EU treaty was the Treaty of Paris of 1951 (took effect in 1952) which established the European Coal and Steel Community between an original group of six European countries.
		The EU member states have recently agreed to the text of a new constitutional treaty that, if ratified by the member states, would have become the first official constitution of the EU, replacing all previous treaties with a single document.
		The EU economy is expected to grow further over the next decade as more countries join the union — especially considering that the new states are usually poorer than the EU average, and have the capacity to grow at a higher rate.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/European_Union (6478 words)

	European Union competition law - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Competition law is one of the areas of authority of the European Union.
		As the EU is made up of independent member states, both competition policy and the creation of the European single market could be rendered ineffective were member states free to support national companies as they saw fit.
		The EU rules that the merger of Sony Music Entertainment and Bertelsmann Music Group to form Sony BMG was a violation of antitrust regulations, and rules that they must demerge.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/EU_competition_law (351 words)

	European Union law - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The EU is not a federal government, nor is it an intergovernmental organisation.
		The whole body of EU law is together called the acquis communautaire, broken into 31 chapters for purposes of accession negotiations.
		All EU legislation must be based on a specific treaty article, which is referred to as the "legal basis" of the legislation.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/European_Union_law (1138 words)

	CNN Specials - EU Law
		Geoffrey Martin, the spokesman for the EU's representative office in the UK, says the "bent-banana syndrome" arose from a reporter's question at a 1992 news conference at which European officials announced the need to create a single market, with single standards, among the 15 member states.
		EU officials have fought back with brochure campaigns and a website designed to dispel some of the more insidious reports.
		The EU acknowledged a possible reason for the Yuletide myth: The Christmas Tree Growers Association of Western Europe -- an independent organisation -- had drawn up a series of specifications for its own trees, aimed at enhancing their brand image.
	www.cnn.com /SPECIALS/2000/eurounion/story/laws (763 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: EU law (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		In contrast to nations such as the United States, European nations subscribe to the principle that international law adopted by a nation overrides national law, and hence it is the case European Union law overrides the national laws of its member states.
		The whole body of EU law is together called the acquis communautaire, broken into 32 chapters for purposes of accession negotiations.
		Unlike other bodies of international law, it is generally recognized that European Union law overrides the national laws of its member states.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/EU-law (788 words)

	BBC NEWS \| World \| Europe \| The EU law that rules our lives
		The draft EU constitution proposes renaming directives "framework laws" because they describe the effect national legislation must achieve, but leave it up to governments to draft and enforce their own laws.
		The EU also passes regulations (to be known in future simply as laws) which pass directly into national law without modification, but these tend to be of a more technical nature.
		The EU's legislative output has slowed since the heady days of the creation of the single market, but the next few months are expected to be quite busy, with the parliament facing elections in June, and the commission due for replacement later in the year.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/world/europe/3241034.stm (922 words)

	EU Law in the World Economy LLM
		The LLM in EU Law in the World Economy will provide students with the insight and analytical tools required to develop a deep and critical understanding of the developing framework of the EU legal system and its place within the international and global systems of regulation and governance.
		The main EU institutions and the development of EU law and policy are examined in this context and EU law coverage in key sectoral areas including the environment, pensions, migration, international external relations, banking and labour law are considered in depth.
		EU regulation of areas including banking, pensions, the environment and the labour market is analysed and comparative approaches are evaluated including the fields of competition, financial markets and taxation.
	www2.warwick.ac.uk /fac/soc/law/pg/prospective/euwe (565 words)

	EUobserver.com
		A majority of EU citizens are in favour of having a single EU foreign minister for the bloc, the results of a new survey have shown.
		VIP visits from the east, an EU foreign ministers' meeting on Iran, a Spanish-German summit on energy and two very different votes in Sweden and the breakaway Moldovan republic of Transdniestria are all on this week's agenda in the EU.
		An EU official set to head the European Commission's antitrust case against Microsoft is instead considering a job with a consultancy that counts Microsoft as one of its major clients.
	www.euobserver.com (756 words)

	Warsaw Voice - Poland in the EU: How EU Law Will Be Applied
		They are therefore familiar with European laws applicable to their operations and they know how EU institutions work at "the central level." From that perspective, a group of U.S. investors may legitimately have some expectations as to Poland's functioning in the European market after accession.
		This article briefly discusses certain aspects of Poland's integration with the EU relating to the applicability and enforcement of European law by domestic authorities which may be of interest to U.S.
		Another legal rule of thumb in the EU says that domestic courts should interpret domestic laws (even those which are badly drafted) "in the spirit and light of European provisions." Therefore, there is, in fact, some room for proactive judges who decide to resolve EU law problems arising day by day by themselves.
	www.warsawvoice.com.pl /view/5953 (512 words)

	Foreign & International Sources - Electronic Reference Desk : Coleman Karesh Law Library \| USC School of Law (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The principal offices of the EU are located in Brussels, Belgium, although other EU institutions have offices in Luxembourg, Frankfurt, Germany and Strasbourg, France.
		Representation is roughly proportional to the population of the EU member states.
		Consisting of 15 judges and 8 advocates-general, the Court of Justice interprets and adjudicates disputes over EU law, a separate body of law distinct and supreme over the law of the Member States.
	www.law.sc.edu /library/online/foreign.shtml (1033 words)

	UCL Laws : EU Law LLB Course Site (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		A revision class for the EC competition law specialist subject will be held, Thursday April 27 from 4:00 to 5:00 pm, room GS 301.
		Please note that the competition law seminar on Thursday March 24 will take place from 3:00-5:00 pm at the Medical Sciences H O Schild Pharmacology Lecture Theater.
		EU law essays (Dr. Ioannis Lianos' groups) can be collected from GS 103 on Tuesday 14 March between 10 am and noon.
	www.ucl.ac.uk /laws/current/undergraduate/courses/eu-law/index.shtml (560 words)

	EU Law Online Pathfinder
		The EU Constitution - The Treaty of the Constitution was agreed to in June 2004 and signed by all the member state governments in October 2004.
		The constitution promised a simpler and shorter statement of the foundational law of the EU, but also introduced new provisions that proved unpopular with French and Dutch voters.
		Activities of the EU - This page organizes EU laws and documents into 32 subject areas or activities.
	law-library.rutgers.edu /resources/eulaw.php (582 words)

	EU patent law dies, software law lives \| The Register
		The proposed law was a central plank in the Lisbon Agenda, which aims to make Europe the most competitive economic zone in the world by 2010.
		It is understood that The Netherlands, which assumes the EU Presidency in July, told the Tanaiste that it would not seek to revive negotiations on the matter in the second half of the year.
		Twenty of the EU's 25 member states voted in favour of the most recent draft of the legislation, while Germany, France, Spain and Portugal voted against it and Italy abstained.
	www.regdeveloper.com /2004/05/19/eu_patent_law_dies (575 words)

	EU LAW - University of Miami School of Law - Spring 2004 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		EU law requires the Member States to have arrangements for monitoring certain residues.
		It is likewise possible that under national law an operator directly concerned by Regulation No1162/2001 may seek from the national authorities a measure under that regulation which may be contested before the national court, enabling the operator to challenge the regulation indirectly.
		whether it is compatible with Community law for the operation of a laserdrome with simulated killing to be prohibited under national law because it is contrary to values enshrined in the German constitution (in particular that of human dignity).
	www.blenderlaw.com /eu (3084 words)

	EU, EC and European Law Essays and Dissertations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The legislation is willing to allow firms to grow in their own strength to a position of dominance, but when it comes to collaboration or concentration it takes a different approach.
		The concept of relevant product market is important as it underpins the analysis and scope of competition law within the E.U. Determining the relevant market is the first step that the Court takes when it assesses the position of a firm with regards to competition.
		If we suspect that any law essays or materials are being used for such purposes then we will refuse to carry out that work and all future essay work for the person involved.
	www.law-essays-uk.com /essaysamples/EUlawessay/competetion.htm (1516 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The European Law Centre routinely advises on state aid law aspects of privatisations and other transactions involving state investment, guarantees, and other types of direct or indirect state support, as well as on the potential risk of recovery.
		We advise on the interpretation of the EU public procurement directives, bilateral international agreements and the GATT agreement on public procurement and their effects on the interpretation and application of national implementing laws and procedures.
		The European Law Centre works closely with clients and outside public affairs specialists and draws on industry specific experience of other Firm practice groups where needed to ensure a well coordinated and targeted approach to lobbying at EU and national levels.
	www.bakernet.com /BakerNet/Practice/Antitrust+and+Trade/Associated+Practices/EU+Law (401 words)

	CNN.com - Online activities exempted from EU law - May 7, 2002
		The draft law states that the laws of the country where the injury occurred should apply in a cross-border dispute, rather than the laws of the country where the supplier or publisher is based.
		However, it has granted the Internet and TV an exemption from this principle because activities such as e-commerce, online publishing and Internet marketing are governed by an existing EU law called the e-commerce directive, which rules that the laws of the country of origin should apply in a dispute involving Internet communications.
		One official who insisted on anonymity said that the existence of a Rome II law as it is would make it very difficult for the EU executive body to take legal action against a member state for protecting its own industries from competitors from neighboring EU countries.
	www.cnn.com /2002/TECH/industry/05/07/eu.internet.law.idg/index.html (599 words)

	Employment, Social Affairs and Equal Opportunities - Labour Law and Work Organisation
		Community labour law was designed with the aim of ensuring that the creation of the Single Market didn't lead to a lowering of labour standards or distortions in competition.
		But it has also been increasingly called to play a key role in making it easier for the EU to adapt to evolving forms of work organisation, which is crucial if it is to achieve the growth and employment objectives of the Lisbon Strategy.
		This site provides you with the most relevant pieces of EU labour law legislation, including implementation reports and case law, as well as publications and information concerning existing calls for proposals and calls for tenders.
	ec.europa.eu /employment_social/labour_law/index_en.htm (292 words)

	European Union Law, UK law Online
		European law was incorporated into UK law (here no distinction need be drawn between the different jurisdictions within the UK) by the European Communities Act 1972.
		The effect of section 2 is that European law must be considered to be a valid and binding source of UK law.
		The primary source of European law is the Treaties, which are the basis of the European Union.
	www.leeds.ac.uk /law/hamlyn/european.htm (1486 words)

	Telegraph \| Digital Life \| EU law on eugenics attacks our freedom
		Noble though that famous statement's aims might be, its single sheet of parchment is deeply ambiguous, appealing to "the laws of Nature and of Nature's God", and to truths that are "self-evident".
		The British are more forgiving, but the NHS is mean and some turn to the private sector (which costs more in the long run as those clinics tend to implant many embryos, which leads to multiple births and to later health problems which must be sorted out at the taxpayer's expense).
		That noble sentiment might tempt one to turn to the recent EU Framework Programme for a grant - but some applicants will be unlucky, for "creating human embryos solely for the purpose of research or stem cell procurement is forbidden".
	www.telegraph.co.uk /connected/main.jhtml?xml=/connected/2004/04/07/ecfjones07.xml&sSheet=/connected/2004/04/07/ixconn.html (1515 words)

	EUROPA - Environment - Environmental Law
		It is the Commission’s responsibility to ensure that Community law is implemented and applied correctly by the 25 Member States of the EU.
		For example, it may consider that whilst there is sufficient evidence of a breach of Community environment law, such action may not be appropriate or necessary if the Member State has undertaken to remedy the breach.
		If thereafter, the matter is referred to the Court, and the Court finds that the Member State has not complied with its initial judgement, it may impose a fine on the Member State, in the form of a lump sum or penalty payment.
	ec.europa.eu /environment/law/index.htm (694 words)

	SCADPlus: Air service agreements between Member States and third countries
		The Court has also confirmed the right of EU air carriers to benefit from the right of establishment within the EU, including their right to non-discriminatory market access to routes between all Member States and third countries (nationality clause).
		The EU must revise the elements in existing bilateral agreements that infringe EU law.
		If, within 15 working days of receipt of the notification, the Commission concludes that the negotiations are likely to undermine the objectives of EU negotiations underway with the third country and/or lead to an agreement which is incompatible with EU law, it shall inform the Member State accordingly.
	europe.eu.int /scadplus/leg/en/lvb/l24260.htm (669 words)

	EU law could shut down software creators :: Contractor UK
		MPs are fighting the corner of small software developers to clarify a new EU law on patenting that could spell bankruptcy for thousands of independent UK writers.
		Under current EU proposals, a similar system of technical authority would come into play for European nations, prompting Poland’s move in December to withdraw and thereby derail the legislative progress of the Directive.
		Their decision to table an amendment to the uncertain and burdensome law is further comfort to writers and small software developers in the UK.
	www.contractoruk.com /news/001904.html (635 words)

	EUROPEAN UNION LAW (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Current members of the EU are Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, The Netherlands, and the United Kingdom.
		EU law is found in the basic treaties and annexes (as amended), secondary legislation promulgated by EU institutions, and court decisions construing the treaties and legislation.
		Secondary (or Ordinary) Law is the law created by EU institutions and includes legislation and decisions of the Court of Justice.
	library.law.smu.edu /resguide/eu.htm (948 words)

	Oxford University Press: EU Administrative Law: Paul Craig
		EU Administrative Law considers the ways in which the EU administers policy, the objective being to explicate, analyse and evaluate the modes of policy delivery, to assess the role of law therein and to draw conclusions about their relative efficacy.
		The focus in Part II shifts to 'Law and Administration' with analysis of the principles of judicial review as they have been developed by the Community courts.
		The chapters consider in-depth the principles of judicial review that are applied to control and structure EU administration and that of the Member States when acting in the sphere of EU law.
	www.us.oup.com /us/catalog/general/subject/Law/EuropeanLaw/?view=usa&ci=9780199296811 (233 words)

	Dean Rusk Center \| Brussels Seminar
		and the Faculty of Law, Vrije Universiteit Brussel
		The principal aim of the annual Brussels Seminar is to provide a group of interested law students with intensive exposure to the law and institutions of the European Community (EC) within the European Union (EU).
		Student participants and Brussels EU lawyers attending the 1997 Brussels Seminar Conference on "Relations Between the EU and the U.S." hear panelists Sir Leon Brittan, Dr. Karl Van Miert, Peter Praet (ULB), Josef Rohlik (Saint Louis University), and Gabriel Wilner (moderator).
	www.uga.edu /ruskcenter/brussels.html (430 words)

	Dechert LLP : Practice Areas
		We advise clients on the status and application of EU regulations and represent them before the European institutions.
		We help clients structure their business ventures in conformity with EU rules and regulations, with particular emphasis on minimizing EU antitrust risks.
		Dechert's EU lawyers represent clients in proceedings before the European Commission, the European Courts, and national courts, as well as in arbitration proceedings.
	www.dechert.com /practiceareas/practiceareas.jsp?pg=detail&pa_id=51 (369 words)

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