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Topic: EZLN

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Zapatista Army of National Liberation

Vincente Fox

Sandinista National Liberation Front

Subcomandante Marcos

Chiapas

Plebiscite

Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity

North American Free Trade Agreement

Social democracy

Francisco Solano Lopez

Augusto Pinochet

Galvanometer

Joao Goulart

Salvador Allende

Antonio Gramsci

	Zapatista Army of National Liberation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Soon after the EZLN had returned to Chiapas, Congress approved a different version of the COCOPA Law, which did not include the autonomy clauses, claiming they were in contradiction with some constitutional rights including (private property and secret voting); this was seen as a betrayal by the EZLN and other political groups.
		The EZLN claims to represent the rights of the indigenous population, but also sees itself and is seen as part of a wider anti-capitalist movement.
		The EZLN has been mainly fighting for autonomy of the indigenous population as a solution to poverty ;; they promote a kind of state within a state where peoples can retain their ways of government and communal way of life yet receive outside support in needed areas.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/EZLN (3057 words)

	ezln (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The EZLN claims to represents the rights of the indigenous population, but also sees itself and is seen as part of the wider anti-capitalist movement, fighting for democracy, peace and justice for all Mexicans, and for all people.
		The EZLN breaks from the ordinary mold of revolutionary groups; except for the initial uprising on the first two weeks of 1994, they aren't known to have used any weapons or bombs and have remained primarily in Chiapas.
		The EZLN claims most indigenous people want to leave behind centuries of poverty, abuse and lack of education but at the same time retain the best of their customs and way of life, including communal property and public election of authorities.
	www.yourencyclopedia.net /EZLN.html (1403 words)

	Sample WebCT
		February 16 - The EZLN releases General Absalón Castellanos to Ruiz and Camacho at Guadalupe Tepeyac, on the edge of the Lacandona Jungle.
		March 2 - The EZLN dialogue team ends the "first phase" of the dialogue and returns to the Lacandona Jungle to bring the government proposals to the communities for discussion and decision-making.
		March 24 - The EZLN declares a state of "Red Alert" throughout their Lacandona Jungle stronghold; they claim that the Federal Army used the assassination as a cover to violate the cease- fire with an aerial bombardment of a road in Zapatista-held territory.
	social.chass.ncsu.edu /slatta/hi216/documents/ezlntime.htm (871 words)

	Agreement: Chiapas: Peace Agreements: Library and Links: U.S. Institute of Peace (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The delegation of the EZLN insists in pointing out the lack of solution to the grave national agrarian problem, and the need to amend Article 27 of the Constitution, which should reflect the spirit of Emiliano Zapata, summarized in two basic demands: the land belongs to those who work it, and Land and Freedom.
		In general terms the delegation of the EZLN considers it necessary that, in each case, the times and terms in which the agreements should be put into practice be specified and that, to that end, the indigenous peoples and the pertinent authorities should program and schedule their implementation by mutual accord.
		The delegation of the EZLN considers it essential that legislation be passed to protect the rights of migrants, both indigenous and non-indigenous, within and outside national borders.
	www.usip.org /library/pa/chiapas/agreement_960216.html (879 words)

	The EZLN fixed its new strategy in a series of communications published between July and August 2003 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The EZLN has decided to strengthen even their last strategy: look down to the feet, to the soil as the foundation of autonomy that enables them to start a new way from underneath.
		But the EZLN ensures “that it is not necessary to be zapatista in order to be attended and respected by the meeting of good government of the autonomous municipalities.
		The federal government will respect the EZLN’s actions as long as the freedom of expression and association is respected, and the actions have to be devoted to the Constitution as well as to the laws of the country.
	www.ciepac.org /procesodepaz/caracoling.htm (2989 words)

	Intro to Voice of Fire EZLN Interviews & Comm. by Ben Clarke
		It is now generally accepted that the EZLN emerged from a decades long struggle for land and justice and is firmly rooted in both the Mayan indigenous communities of Chiapas and the national history of Mexico.
		The EZLN chose the first of the year as the date for their declaration of war, in part, because it was the date on which NAFTA went into effect.
		The EZLN took the government's proposals back to the communities which form their base, and according to the CCRI, "in an exercise of democracy without precedent in an armed organization, conferred with its membership regarding whether or not to sign the federal government's peace proposals." {Second Declaration, June 10, 1994}.
	www.freedomvoices.org /vofintro.htm (2768 words)

	Massive Rally Greets EZLN Caravan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		During the caravan the EZLN leaders were met by tens of thousands of supporters in towns along the way.
		The EZLN leaders are in Mexico City to push for the passage of the Indian Rights and Culture Bill which is based on the San Andreas Accords of 1996 and the demand for the recognition of indigenous rights and autonomy.
		In addition, the EZLN is demanding that the Fox government release some 100 political prisoners and withdraw troops stationed throughout Chiapas.
	www.anti-imperialist.org /ezln-rally.html (131 words)

	EZLN
		This was the rally cry heard worldwide as rebels of EZLN (Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional or Zapatista Army of National Liberation).
		The official EZLN was set up in 1983, as a coalition of the two groups.
		They had not done this for quite some time when talks fell apart when the EZLN stated that they felt the PRI was not making a effort and also refused to withdraw troops out of the conflict area.
	www.geocities.com /alt_politics/EZLN.html (2468 words)

	Zapatistas (EZLN) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The EZLN, or Zapatistas, are an insurgent ‘military’ force largely based in the mountains of the Mexican southeast.
		Historically, the EZLN were based in Chiapas (in the mountains of the Southeast of Mexico).
		The EZLN was, in a manner of speaking, one of the "undemocratic" elements in a relationship of direct community democracy (another anti-democratic element is the Church, but that's a matter for another paper).” (“The History of the Rebel Zapatista Autonomous Municipalities:CHIAPAS: The Thirteenth Stele, Part Five: A History”, http://flag.flened.net/revolt/mexico/ezln/2003/marcos/historyJULY.html).
	www.affinityproject.org /groups/ezln.html (5972 words)

	PROPAGANDA; EZLN (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		In the early hours of the new year, an armed group calling themselves the Zapatista Army of National Liberation (EZLN) occupied five cities in the southern state of Chiapas and demanded the resignation of the Salinas government as well a comprehensive reform of the Mexican political system and changes in the socio- economic regime.
		Even if the Mexican government is successful in its war against the EZLN, and it appears that they will be, this will not defuse the current crisis, the roots of which reach far deeper than a group of armed renegades in a small agrarian state.
		The EZLN speaks to the millions of Mexicans who have been beaten down by 500 years of opression who have still refused to give up.
	www.actlab.utexas.edu /~zapatistas/ezln.html (298 words)

	Global Exchange : Chiapas 1995
		April 9, 1995: A delegation of the CCRI-CG of the EZLN meets with representatives of the federal government, the Conai, and the Cocopa in the village of San Miguel (municipality of Ocosingo) in order to agree upon the logistics and the agenda for the upcoming peace talks.
		The EZLN, in turn, declares the arrest to be a direct violation of the Law for Dialogue and Reconciliation (which specifically prohibits the arrest of those accused of being members or leaders of the EZLN, as long as the dialogue between the two sides continues).
		The Fourth Declaration of the Lacandon Jungle is issued by the EZLN, calling for the formation of a new Zapatista organization--the Zapatista Front of National Liberation (FZLN)--which is to be a national, nonviolent, and independent civilian political force with its base in the EZLN.
	www.globalexchange.org /countries/americas/mexico/chiapas/1995.html (1189 words)

	A long march in Mexico
		When the EZLN was formed in 1994, it was greeted with warmth across the world as the harbinger of a new wave of Fourth World revolution (aided by the dot.comrades across the globe).
		But the detractors of the EZLN accused it of being unrepresentative, indeed of being a creature of an international Left community that was in love with Third World guerillas, nostalgic for Che Guevara and naive about the Me xican reality.
		Insulted by the anonymous document, the EZLN told the press that the purpose of the caravan was for the non-negotiable constitutional recognition of indigenous rights and culture.
	www.flonnet.com /fl1807/18070650.htm (1666 words)

	Global Exchange - Printer Friendly
		The EZLN has named 5,000 delegates that will travel throughout the country, 2,500 of them will be women, 2,500 will be men - two delegates for each of the 2,500 municipalities in Mexico.
		On this same point, the EZLN proposes the participation of all the Mexican citizens that live in other countries around the world, breaking not only with isolation at the state level but at the national level as well.
		The EZLN stated that it did not recognize the COCOPA as a mediating body and therefore was not in a position to receive them.
	www.globalexchange.org /countries/mexico/encuentro/ledesmaAnalysis.html.pf (627 words)

	CIEPAC: Chiapas al Día, No. 231 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The EZLN announces that the CIZ is already receiving various proposals of support and accompaniment from different parts of the country and from the United States, Italy, Switzerland, Spain, Argentina, etc.
		On this day nearly 8thousand EZLN support bases undertook a march in San Cristóbal de las Casas and made a recount of the historical treachery to which they have been subjected by the federal government, although they reaffirm their disposition to dialogue, after the 3 minimum demands are implemented, as a necessity to generate trust.
		On the other hand not the EZLN nor the federal government have spoken about the need for a Mediation to continue with the talks once the 3 signals have been implemented; Mediation that would be un-necessary for the Executive Power.
	www.ciepac.org /bulletins/ingles/ing231.htm (2329 words)

	G21 LATIN AMERICA - Zapatistas Begin Long March
		Twenty-four representatives of the EZLN -- including the ever-charismatic Subcomandante Marcos, as well as four female delegates -- will tour through major towns in southern Mexico en route to the capital in a grassroots campaign to rally support for their cause.
		To address the problem, the EZLN asked the International Red Cross to accompany them on their march, but a few days before departure, the agency rejected the request, publicly stating that the Zapatistas did not meet their criteria for a human rights crisis situation.
		Comandante David of the EZLN stated that he is sure that "civil society" -- a favorite buzz phrase of the Zapatistas, meaning people world-wide who abide by their principles -- will afford the delegation all the protection they need, which seems to be an optimistic stance.
	www.g21.net /la4.htm (1717 words)

	EZLN: 20 y 10 [ el fuego y la palabra ]
		The idea is that during those two months we will be carrying out, throughout the length and the breadth of the country, all kinds of commemorative activities (in some cases, we already have the exact dates and places, and in others we are still in the preliminary stages).
		A CD with all the communiqués and speeches of the CCRI-CG of the EZLN (this material will be ready during the first few days of January of 2004).
		In addition, in order to celebrate the twentieth anniversary of the founding of the EZLN, even though it will be a few hours in advance, we will be organizing a dance on November 15 in the Los Angeles Saloon.
	www.revistarebeldia.org /20-10/llamados/anuncio_en.html (673 words)

	Chronology of the Dialogue, 1994-1998
		March 24, 1994: The EZLN's consulatations are temporarily suspended due to the assasination of PRI presidential candidate Luis Donaldo Colosio.
		May 10, 1995: The EZLN rejects the government proposal to resolve the conflict by essentially cordoning off the insurgent troops of the EZLN into "autonomous" areas of relocation, which under the most favorable interpretations were seen as comparable to U.S.-style Indian Reservations; and under the least favorable interpretations, were viewed as concentration camps.
		The Forum, called for by the EZLN and its advisors, as well as the Cocopa and the Conai, was devised so as to receive the opinions and thoughts from indigenous peoples and representatives all over Mexico--not just from Chiapas--whose decisions and proposals would then be taken up by the EZLN in the San Andrés talks.
	www.ezln.org /archivo/fzln/timeline.html (6154 words)

	Zapatista Consulta
		The national plebiscite is the ratification of the EZLN's commitment to a peace with justice and dignity.
		Fifth.- The EZLN has committed itself already, since issuing the call, to listen to the voice of the people of Mexico in the plebiscite and to go forward, as a result, in agreement with its results.
		The national plebiscite is the reiteration of the obvious: the commitment to peace is on the side of the EZLN, the interest in war is on the side of the government.
	www.actlab.utexas.edu /~zapatistas/coninfo.html (1186 words)

	Conflict in Chiapas: Indigenous People
		The armistice lasted until February 1995, even though the EZLN declared an end to the truce because they believed the PRI had used fraud in order to win the local elections for governor of the state.
		This was two days after the EZLN announced a ceasefire and the Mexican authorities promised a peaceful end to the conflict.
		However February 9, 1995, president Ernesto Zedillo announced the adoption of repressive measures against the EZLN and ordered military and police intervention to arrest the leader of the EZLN, Marcos and regain absolute control of the remote jungle regions in the state of Chiapas.
	dons.usfca.edu /~rassma2/info4.html (1047 words)

	Feb. 9 EZLN Communiqué
		Now, inexplicably, when the representation of the EZLN had finalized the details for a new meeting with the governmental delegates and when among the Indigenous communities which support our just cause, the points of the agenda for the closed-door dialogue were beginning to be discussed, we receive this ultimatum.
		The EZLN's delays in responding to the government's communications were the result of our complying with our obligation to consult the members of this CCRI-CG of the EZLN; the great distances and problems with communication that exist in the mountains of the Mexican Southeast also caused the delay in our answers.
		We reiterate, the EZLN is an organization of Mexicans, for the most part Indigenous, directed by a committee that brings together the distinct ethnic groups in Chiapas and absolutely does not have, in its composition, any member who is not Indigenous.
	www.spunk.org /library/pubs/lr/sp001716/feb9com.html (1369 words)

	EZLN communique - The reasons for the Red Alert - North America / Mexico Indigenous struggles - Anarkismo
		EZLN reveal that the reason for the Red Alert is to allow a consulta to take place on the future direction of the organisation.
		- The EZLN leadership is recognizing the sacrifice, willingness and heroism of their support bases, responsables and activists, and of the insurgentes and insurgentas, for these almost 12 years of war and resistance.
		They are also proposing to their support bases — who make up the supreme command of our movement — a new step in the struggle, a step which entails, among other things, risking the much or little which has been achieved and worsening the persecution and harassment of the zapatista communities.
	www.anarkismo.net /newswire.php?story_id=757 (783 words)

	SIPAZ REPORT
		The EZLN invited civil society to the death of the Aguascalientes and the inauguration of the Caracoles at the "Caracol" of Oventik (in the Highlands of Chiapas) from the 8th to the 10th of August.
		The EZLN has aimed to strengthen the operation of communities where power is distributed democratically, horizontally, and on a rotating basis.
		For the EZLN the Juntas of Good Government represent one more step on the path of resistance, meanwhile the government is trying to define them within a constitutional framework so they appear to be government-backed reform.
	www.sipaz.org /informes/vol8no2/vol8no2e.htm (6571 words)

	JOURNEY THROUGH CHIAPAS
		Across the mountains and jungle of this area, army outposts are a constant reminder to villages of the state's desire to smash this uprising.
		Recent concessions by the government on the way negotiations with the EZLN are to be conducted and the release of EZLN prisoners has raised hopes of civil progress.
		Meanwhile, as government soldiers occupy mountain villages, the EZLN remain on Red Alert and have announced that they will not tolerate any more human rights abuses by the army in their territory.
	www.acephale.org /encuentro/journey.html (916 words)

	EZLN communique - Zapatistas can survive a decapatation attack - North America / Mexico Indigenous struggles - Anarkismo
		First and Only - We are informing you that, since the middle of 2002, the EZLN has been engaged in a process of reorganizing its political-military structure.
		The chains of command and the succession of responsibilities have been clearly established, as well as those actions and measures to be taken in the event of being attacked by government forces and their paramilitaries.
		The CCRI-CG of the EZLN is letting it be known that conditions are in place to continue leading the zapatista struggle even if it were to lose — be it through jail, through death or through forced disappearance — some or all of its publicly known current leadership.
	www.anarkismo.net /newswire.php?story_id=755 (551 words)

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