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Topic: Earl Birger

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	Birger jarl - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Birger was born in 1210 (exact date uncertain) as the son of Magnus Minnesköld of Bjälbo and Ingrid Ylva, nephew to the Earl Birger Brosa.
		Birger was elevated to the position of Jarl (directly translated: Earl, but the position was unique, not similar as earls in England) by King Eric XI in 1248 and had earlier married the king's sister Ingeborg Eriksdotter.
		Ingeborg died in 1254 and in 1261 Birger married the widow of King Abel of Denmark, the queen dowager Mechtild of Holstein.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Birger_Jarl (336 words)

	RootsWeb's WorldConnect Project: Bowie, Costello, Cox, Engels, Gundlach, Herr, Meyer, Rick, Ryan, Schumacher, Wagner*
		Earl Magnus of Minnesköld was born 1145, and died 31 Jan 1207-1208.
		Earl Birger of Linkoping was born 1208, and died 21 Oct 1266.
		Princess Richza of Linkoping (Earl Birger of Linkoping
	worldconnect.rootsweb.com /cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=REG&db=sueream&id=I47565 (1176 words)

	Birger jarl -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In 1240, Birger organized a military campaign against (A city in northwestern Russia on the Volkhov River; Russia's oldest city and an important trading center in the Middle Ages) Novgorod and was defeated by (additional info and facts about Alexander Nevsky) Alexander Nevsky during the (additional info and facts about Neva Battle) Neva Battle.
		On Erik's death in 1250 Birger's son (additional info and facts about Valdemar) Valdemar was elected king while his father acted as regent.
		There is a fine statue of the great earl in the (additional info and facts about Riddarholm church) Riddarholm church at Stockholm, erected by Fogelberg at the expense of the (additional info and facts about Over-Governor of Stockholm) Over-Governor of Stockholm in 1884.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/b/bi/birger_jarl.htm (322 words)

	Jarl - Wikipedia, den fria encyklopedin
		I flera årtionden före den sista jarlen, Birger jarl, tycks det uteslutande vara medlemmar ur Bjälboätten, även kallad Folkungaätten, som burit titeln.
		Birger jarl kallade sig Dux sweciae, vilket enligt den titelns betydelse blir riksjarl.
		Birger, som formellt var jarl under kung Erik den läspe och halte och därefter under sin son kung Valdemar, utvidgade i praktiken jarlens maktbefogenheter och var i realiteten regent.
	sv.wikipedia.org /wiki/Jarl (411 words)

	Birger Jarl (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Birger Jarl or Earl Birger (1210 - 1266) Swedish statesman full name Birger Magnusson of son of Magnus Minnesköld of Bjälbo and Ingrid Ylva nephew to the Earl Birger Brosa the most famous member of the ancient family of the Folkung or Folkungaätten which had so much to say itself in early Swedish history.
		Birger was Jarl (Earl) by King Erik Eriksson in 1248 and had earlier married the king's Ingeborg Eriksdotter.
		On Erik's death in 1250 Birger's son Valdemar was elected king while his father as regent.
	www.freeglossary.com /Birger_Jarl (455 words)

	Birger Jarl (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Birger was created Jarl (Earl)by King Erik Eriksson in 1248 and had earlier married the king?s sister IngeborgEriksdotter.
		As a lawgiver Birger laboured strenuously in the interestsof civilization.
		Ingeborg died in 1250 and in 1261 he married the daughter of King Abel of Denmark, the queen dowager Mechtild of Holstein.There is a fine statue of the great earl in the Riddarholm church at Stockholm, erected by Fogelberg at the expense of the Over-Governor of Stockholm in 1884.
	www.therfcc.org /birger-jarl-144149.html (190 words)

	MAGNUS ERLINGSON'S SAGA
		Earl Sigurd, who had not observed the journey of Erling and his followers from the south, was at that time east in the Gaut river, and King Hakon was in Tunsberg.
		Earl Sigurd was a man of understanding, and could talk well, but certainly was not considered brave enough to take a strong resolution; and indeed the earl showed a great inclination to fly, for which he got many stinging words from his men-at-arms.
		Earl Erling was a man of great understanding and power, an excellent leader in war, and an able and prudent ruler of the country; but he had the character of being cruel and severe.
	www.public-domain-content.com /books/legends_and_sagas/heim/17magerl.shtml (10580 words)

	Illinois Gangs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Birger accused the Sheltons of a Collinsville mail robbery, sending the three brothers briefly to prison, until their release due to perjury at the trial.
		By May of 1930, the entire leadership of the Birger gang was behind bars for crimes ranging from murder to violation of the prohibition laws.
		Earl survived; but after a series of firebombings of other Shelton property, the old Shelton homestead itself was destroyed by fire.
	www.eslarp.uiuc.edu /ibex/archive/vignettes/illinois_gangs.htm (403 words)

	Encyclopedia: Birger Jarl (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		(Earl Birger), full name Birger Magnusson of BjÃ¤lbo (1210 â“ October 21, 1266), was a Swedish statesman and the founder of Stockholm.
		Valdemar Birgersson (1239-1302), King of Sweden 1250-1275/1288/1302, was the son of princess Ingeborg Eriksdotter of Sweden and Birger Jarl, Earl Birger Magnusson of Bjälbo, who more or less ruled Sweden from 1248 under king Eric Ericsson the Lame his brother in law.
		Events Eleanor de Montfort is captured by pirates in the employ of Edward I of England to prevent her marriage to Llywelyn the Last, prince of Jews over the age of 7 to wear the yellow badge and makes usury illegal Jean de Meun writes the second portion of the...
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Birger-Jarl (1601 words)

	Norse Sagas - The Gold Scales
		As Earl Sigurd had but a small part of the country, and kept many men on foot, he soon was in want of money; and where there was no chief in the neighbourhood he had to seek money by unlawful ways, – sometimes by unfounded accusations and fines, sometimes by open robbery.
		Earl Sigurd had on a red-brown kirtle, and a red cloak, of which the corners were tied and turned back; shoes on his feet; and a shield and sword called Bastard.
		Earl Erling went after that to Norway, and was earl afterwards as long as he lived; and also the peace with the Danish king was afterwards always preserved.
	oaks.nvg.org /hk16.html (11428 words)

	2. Sweden. 2001. The Encyclopedia of World History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		His reign was dominated by his brother-in-law, Jarl (Earl) Birger Magnusson, the greatest statesman of medieval Sweden, who controlled the government from 1248 to 1266 and had his son Waldemar elected king in 1250, thus founding the Folkung line.
		As regent, Jarl Birger abolished judicial ordeal by fire, ended serfdom by choice, encouraged commerce, favored the settlement of German artisans, checked the power of the baronage.
		This led to a popular uprising and the expulsion of Birger, who was followed by his 3-year-old nephew.
	www.bartleby.com /67/463.html (385 words)

	Encyclopedia: Magnus I of Sweden (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Son to Birger Jarl (Earl Birger Magnusson) and Ingeborg Eriksdotter of Sweden.
		Birger jarl Birger jarl listen[?] (Earl Birger), full name Birger Magnusson of BjÃ¤lbo (1210 â€“ October 21, 1266), was a Swedish statesman and the founder of Stockholm.
		Birger Magnusson (1280 – 1321) was hailed king when he was four years old.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Magnus-I-of-Sweden (805 words)

	Photo Guide to St.Petersburg (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Sweden, under the King Erik Eriksson (Eric Ericsson, King of Sweden, from 1226 to 1229, deposed in a sort of putsch, then restored to the throne in 1233, reigned until 1250) was not a particularly strong monarchy, with noble factions swaying large amounts of sovereign power and finance in the country.
		Birger (ref. Folkung, Folkunga, Folkonung), who was not yet an earl (jarl) at the time, was an upper member of the ruling caste in Sweden.
		The chief of the doomed expedition, Birger, and whatever was left of his force fled to Sweden where he actually became the "jarl" seven years later.
	guide.photofora.com /sladoga3.html (637 words)

	Jarl (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Strax före den sista jarlen Birger Jarl tycks det nästan uteslutande vara medlemmar Bjälboätten som burit titeln.
		Birger jarl kallade sig Dux sweciae vilket enligt den titelns betydelse blir eller ännu lite högre för han utvecklade ställning och beslutsrätt som den aldrig förut under tiden han regerade Sverige under kung Erik den läspe och halte.
		Birger Jarl ville nog inte att jarl i framtiden skulle ha samma makt han haft och kunna hota hans ättlingar tronen i vilket fall som helt utnämndes fler jarlar i Sverige efter Birger Jarl.
	sv.freeglossary.com /Jarl_av_Norge (313 words)

	WAR IN ILLINOIS: CHARLIE BIRGER & THE SHELTON GANG
		Birger was arrested for the murder of Joe Adams on April 29, 1927 and he was tried for murder that summer in Franklin County.
		Birger claimed to be relieved and said that he would rather die than spend another 10 months in jail.
		Birger climbed the steps of the scaffold with a bright smile on his face, laughing and joking with the officials.
	www.prairieghosts.com /birger.html (2311 words)

	Magnus Erlingson.
		Earl Sigurd was a man of understanding, and could talk well, but certainly was not considered brave enough to take a strong resolution; and indeed the earl himdelf showed a great inclination to flee, for which he got many stinging words from his men-at-arms.
		Earl Sigurd was wearing a red-brown kirtle, and a red cloak, of which the corners were tied and turned back; shoes on his feet; and a shield and sword called Bastard.
		Earl Sigurd's array went along the ridge right opposite them on the other bank; but as the ridge ended, the ground was level over the river, Erling told his men to sing a Paternoster, and beg God to give them the victory who best deserved it.
	www.orme.org.uk /magnus_erlingson.html (11339 words)

	The Shelton Gang (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The "Shelton Gang" was comprised of Carl, Earl and Bernard (Bernie, and Roy Shelton.
		Birger collaborated with the Sheltons to provide Harrisburg Illinois as a final layover for the runners and final preparations of the liquor were made there.
		Rift between the Shelton and Birger Gangs: The only thing I have been able to gather is that the cooperation between the two gangs was over a matter of a few thousand dollars.
	www.sheltonmotorsports.com /genealogy/sheltongang.htm (542 words)

	Jarl - susning.nu
		Birger Jarl kallade sig Dux sweciae, vilket enligt den titelns betydelse blir riksjarl, eller ännu lite högre, för han utvecklade jarlens ställning och beslutsrätt som den aldrig förut haft, under tiden han regerade Sverige under kung Erik den läspe och halte.
		Birger Jarl ville nog inte att någon jarl i framtiden skulle ha samma makt som han haft, och kunna hota hans ättlingar på tronen, i vilket fall som helt utnämndes inga fler jarlar i Sverige efter Birger Jarl.
		Birger Jarl Sveriges siste riksjarl, ärvde (eller övertog) titeln 1248 från Ulf Fase.
	www.susning.nu /Jarl (395 words)

	magnus i of sweden (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		With the declaration of the Alsnö stadga 1279, Magnus Ladulås gave the knights, (or anyone who supported the crown with a warrior on a horse) freedom from tax (a freedom called Frälse in Swedish) this was the formal foundation of the Swedish nobility.
		Son to Birger Jarl (earl Birger Magnusson) and princess Ingeborg Eriksdotter of Sweden.
		Died of starvation 1318 at Nyköpingshus castle while imprisoned by his brother Birger.
	www.yourencyclopedia.net /magnus_i_of_sweden.html (232 words)

	SHELTON GANG UNITED PRESS ARTICLES (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		During the 1920s, the Shelton brothers, Earl, Carl, and Bernard, along with the notorious Charlie Birger gang, sold illegal liquor, opened gambling resorts, and committed numerous murders in Williamson, Saline, and Franklin counties.
		In 1928 Birger was hanged for the murder of Joe Adams, the mayor of West City.
		In 1947 Carl Shelton was gunned down; in 1948 Bernie Shelton was murdered; and in 1949 there was an attempt on Earl Shelton’s life.
	www.lib.siu.edu /spcol/inventory/SC170.html (206 words)

	SWEDEN - LoveToKnow Article on SWEDEN (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In the year 1000, when the Norwegian king was in Pomerania, a coalition was formed between the king of Sweden, Sweyn Forkbeard, king of Denmark, and earl Eric of Lade, and the allies waylaid their enemy off the coast near Rugen and overthrew him in Reign of the great sea-battle of Svolder.
		In 1014, the year of Earl Erics departure to England with Canute, Olaf Haraldsson, returning to Norway as king, put an end to the Swedish and Danish supremacy, and in 1015 he forced Earl Sweyn to leave the country.
		At this meeting Bjrn, supported by the earl, asked for peace, and Olaf was compelled by the pressure of the lawman Thorgny to agree to this and also to promise his daughter Ingegeril in marriage to the Norse king.
	25.1911encyclopedia.org /S/SW/SWEDEN.htm (21978 words)

	Birger jarl (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Birger was elevated to the position of Jarl (directly translated: Earl, but the position was unique, not similar as earls in England) by King Erik Eriksson in 1248 and had earlier married the king's sister Ingeborg Eriksdotter.
		Ingeborg died in 1254 and in 1261 he married the widow of King Abel of Denmark, the queen dowager Mechtild of Holstein.
		#Bengt Birgersson, born 1254 #Christine Birgersdotter Birger Jarl de:Birger Jarl fi:Birger-jaarli hu:Birger Jarl sv:Birger jarl
	birger-jarl.ask.dyndns.dk (254 words)

	Sigurd, Inge, and Eystein, the Sons of Harald.
		Ogmund, the father of Munan, was a son of Earl Orm Eilifson, and Sigrid, a daughter of Earl Fin Arnason.
		Earl Ragnvald and Erling Skakke fell in with a large ship of burden at sea called a dromund, and gave battle to it with nine ships.
		Earl Ragnvald and Erling Skakke came to Palestine in the course of their expedition, and all the way to the river Jordan.
	www.orme.org.uk /sigurd_inge_and_eystein.html (8339 words)

	Swedish history (the s.c.nordic FAQ) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Stockholm becomes the capital, after Birka and Sigtuna, founded by Birger Jarl, Earl of Sweden and 1250-1266 guardian for the under age King Valdemar.
		King Birger is imprisoned by his brothers Duke Valdemar and Duke Erik, the so called Håtunaleken.
		King Birger imprisons his brothers, at a Christmas party, and let them starve to death (the so called Nyköpings gästabud), but is forced to escape out of the country.
	www.lysator.liu.se /nordic/scn/faq731.html (2393 words)

	Gerda in Sweden, by Etta Blaisdell McDonald (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		As Birger sprang to open the door, a little mob of happy boys and girls burst into the room with a shout of heartiest greeting. Their eyes were sparkling with fun, their cheeks rosy from a run in the fresh spring air, and their arms were filled with bundles of all sizes and shapes.
		Birger closed his camera and slipped it into his pocket. “There,” he said, “I have a picture of the sun shining at midnight, to prove to Oscar that it really does shine. Now I am going to gather some flowers to press for Mother;” and he ran off down the side of the hill.
		Birger had taken a fancy to have a suit of gray with fl trimmings, such as the Swedish soldiers wear, and it had been given to him with a new Swedish flag, as a match for Gerda’s furs.
	www.sakoman.net /pg/html/13758.htm (15567 words)

	Front Page 06.07.1999
		Häme Castle is one of Finland's medieval royal castles.
		It is believed to have been built at the end of the 13th century, following Earl Birger of Sweden's crusade to Häme (Tavastia).
		The Programme of the Finnish Presidency is now available in all the eleven official EU languages: Danish, Spanish, Dutch, Greek, Italian and Portuguese - in addition to Finnish, Swedish, German, French and English.
	presidency.finland.fi /fp/19990706.html (232 words)

	Heimskringla: Saga of Sigurd, Inge, and Eystein, the Sons of Harald (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		They met Earl Karl and the Gautland army eastward in Krokaskog, where there was a great battle and a great defeat, King Inge gaining the victory.
		Here he heard that Earl Harald Maddad's son was in Thursa, to which he sailed directly in three small boats.
		The great friendship that was between the earl and the priest proved a great misfortune to both, which might have been expected, as the brothers were silent about their secret determination, and let nothing be observed.
	sunsite.berkeley.edu /OMACL/Heimskringla/sons.html (10315 words)

	Southern Illinoisan - Special Sections
		Earl Venable in an interview conducted three years before her death in 1999 at the age of 92.
		Venable -- who was not yet married to Earl -- vividly remembered being there with her parents.
		"Earl rode in a plane piloted by Charley Simpson, one of the organizers of the show.
	www.southernillinoisan.com /sp_sections/story.php?pub_number=040&s=3 (521 words)

	Nordic FAQ - 7 of 7 - SWEDEN
		1306 King Birger is imprisoned by his brothers duke Valdemar and duke Erik, the so called Håtunaleken.
		1317 King Birger imprisons his brothers, at a Christmas party, and let them starve to death (the so called Nyköpings gästabud), but is forced to escape out of the country.
		Earls (jarlar) were commanders of the fleet (leiðungr) and deputy in Svealand when the king resided in Götaland.
	www.cs.uu.nl /wais/html/na-dir/nordic-faq/part7_SWEDEN.html (18496 words)

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