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	Charles Spencer, 3rd Earl of Sunderland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Having succeeded to the peerage in 1702, the earl was one of the commissioners for the union between England and Scotland, and in 1705 he was sent to Vienna as envoy extraordinary.
		Sunderland continued to take part in public life, and was active in communicating with the court of Hanover about the steps to be taken in view of the approaching death of the queen.
		Sunderland was especially interested in the proposed peerage bill, a measure designed to limit the number of members of the House of Lords, but this was defeated owing partly to the opposition of Sir Robert Walpole.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Charles_Spencer,_3rd_Earl_of_Sunderland (699 words)

	Encyclopedia: Robert Spencer, 2nd Earl of Sunderland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Sunderland fled to Utrecht, the Netherlands, and wrote to Sir John Churchill, a prominent English statesman, asking him to "make things easy for a man in my condition." At first, King William III excepted Lord Sunderland from the 1690 act of indemnity, but by 1691, he was allowed to return to the country.
		Sunderland became Lord Chamberlain of the Household in April 1697, and was a Lord Justice for a short period, but "the general suspicion with which he was regarded terrified him", and he eventually retired from public life in December of that year.
		Sunderland died in 1702 at Althorp, where he led a secluded life, and his only surviving son was Charles Spencer, 3rd Earl of Sunderland.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Robert-Spencer,-2nd-Earl-of-Sunderland (2057 words)

	SUNDERLAND, 2ND EARL OF - LoveToKnow Article on SUNDERLAND, 2ND EARL OF (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		SUNDERLAND, a seaport and municipal, county and parliamentary borough of Durham, England, at the mouth of the river Wear, on the North-Eastern railway, 261 m.
		The history of Sunderland is complicated by the name Wear-mouth (Wiramuth, Wermuth) being applied impartially to the Monk's town on the north bank of the Wear; the Bishop's town on the south and the neighboring port now known as Sunderland.
		During the 17th century Sunderland was the seat of a vice-admiralty court for the county palatine and in 1669 letters patent permitted the erection of a pier and lighthouse as the harbour was very commodiously situate for the shipping of vast quantities of sea-coles plentifully gotten and wrought there.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /S/SU/SUNDERLAND_2ND_EARL_OF.htm (2191 words)

	James Stanhope, 1st Earl Stanhope - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In 1717, consequent on changes in the ministry, Stanhope was made First Lord of the Treasury, but a year later he returned to his former office of secretary for the southern department.
		His activity was now shown in the conclusion of the Quadruple Alliance between England, France, Austria and the Netherlands in 1718, and in obtaining peace for Sweden, when threatened by Russia and Denmark, while at home he promoted the bill to limit the membership of the House of Lords.
		Just after the collapse of the South Sea Bubble, for which he was partly responsible but from which he did not profit, the earl died in London on the 5 February 1721.
	www.sterlingheights.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/James_Stanhope,_1st_Earl_Stanhope (621 words)

	CHARLES SPENCER, 3. EARL OF SUNDERLAND (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Earl of Sunderland, Baron Spencer Of Wormleighton, (* 1674; † 9.
		Sunderland hatte seines Vaters Vorliebe für Intrigen geerbt und abstoßende Manieren, aber er war mit seiner Uneigennützigkeit seinen Zeitgenossen weit überlegen und hatte einen wachen und kritischen Verstand.
		Earl und der zweite Sohn, Charles (1706-1758), wurde der fünfte Earl.
	www.toonorama.com /encyclopedia/C/Charles_Spencer%2C_3._Earl_of_Sunderland (795 words)

	SUNDERLAND - LoveToKnow Article on SUNDERLAND (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		This was an important alliance for Sunderland and for his descendants; through it he was introduced to political life and later the dukedom of Marl-borough came to the Spencers.
		From his early years he had a great love of books, and he spent his leisure and his wealth in forming the library at Althorp, which in 1703 was described as " the finest in Europe." In 1749 part of it was removed to Blenheim.
		Robert (1701-1729), the eldest son, succeeded as 4th earl, and Charles (1706-1758), the second son, became the 5th earl.
	90.1911encyclopedia.org /S/SU/SUNDERLAND.htm (733 words)

	Charles Spencer, 3rd Earl of Sunderland (1674-1722) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The son of the 2nd Earl of Sunderland and the son-in-law of the Duke of Marlborough, he succeeded to the earldom in 1702.
		After George I's accession in 1714, Sunderland was made lord lieutenant of Ireland and then (1715) lord privy seal in a ministry that included James Stanhope, Robert Walpole, and Viscount Charles Townshend.
		In 1719 Sunderland's Peerage Bill, designed to assure a permanent Whig majority in the House of Lords, was soundly defeated, and after the South Sea scandal (in which he had been bribed) he yielded his office to Walpole in 1721.
	www.hfac.uh.edu /gbrown/philosophers/leibniz/BritannicaPages/Sunderland-3/Sunderland-3.html (213 words)

	Charles Sackville, 6th Earl of Dorset - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Charles Sackville, 6th Earl of Dorset (24 January 1638- 29 January 1706) was an English poet and courtier, son of (1622-1677).
		His mother was, sister and heiress of, to whose estates and title he succeeded in 1674, being created Baron Cranfield and 4th Earl of Middlesex in 1675.
		He bore his share in the excesses for which Sir Charles Sedley and the Earl of Rochester were notorious.
	www.eastcleveland.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Charles_Sackville,_6th_Earl_of_Dorset (755 words)

	Leyden (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Sunderland Fish hatchery, on Route 116 near the Amherst town line, is operated by the State Division of Fisheries and Wildlife.
		Sunderland was originally known as Swampfield because of swamps that began near the village and continued nearly down to the Hadley town line.
		Sunderland, which has long been a thriving agricultural community that benefits from the rich Connecticut River Valley soil, was incorporated on November 12, 1718.
	www.co.franklin.ma.us /sundland.htm (487 words)

	sunderland
		Descendants of Henry Spencer I Earl Of Sunderland
		Sunderland, Charles Spencer, 3rd Earl of (1674-1722), English statesman, son of the 2nd earl of Sunderland.
		However, a political crisis was averted through the efforts of Sir Robert Walpole, 1st Earl of Orford, who at that time was serving as the chancellor of the Exchequer.
	website.lineone.net /~johnbidmead/sunderland.htm (2491 words)

	Duke of Marlborough - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Anne further honoured Churchill, after his leadership of the victories against the French of 13 August 1704 near the village of Blenheim (German Blindheim) on the Danube River (Battle of Blenheim), by granting him the royal manor of Woodstock, and building him a house at her own expense to be called Blenheim.
		If that did happen, then by the above terms, the Earl of Jersey would become the next Duke, as he is the male-line descendant of Anne Villiers, Countess of Jersey, daughter of Elizabeth Egerton, Duchess of Bridgwater, a younger daughter of the first Duke.
		The title of Earl of Marlborough, which was created for Churchill in 1689, had been created one time previously in British history, for James Ley, in 1626.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Duke_of_Marlborough (875 words)

	Earl of Sunderland -- The title of Earl of Sunderland was created in the Pee... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Earl of Sunderland -- The title of Earl of Sunderland was created in the Pee...
		The title of Earl of Sunderland was created in the Peerage of England in 1643.
		In 1733, the 5th Earl succeeded to the title of Duke of Marlborough, with which title the earldom has ever since been merged, and generally used as a courtesy title for the heir apparent to the heir apparent of the Dukedom.
	earl-of-sunderland.en.tracking24.net (130 words)

	Robert Spencer, 2nd Earl of Sunderland - Freepedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Robert Spencer, 2nd Earl of Sunderland (1640-September 28, 1702), English statesman, was the son of Henry Spencer, 1st Earl of Sunderland and Dorothy Sidney.
		He married Anne Digby (died 1715), daughter of the 2nd Earl of Bristol on June 10, 1665.
		Sunderland, Robert Spencer, 2nd Earl of Sunderland, Robert Spencer, 2nd Earl of Sunderland, Robert Spencer, 2nd Earl of
	en.freepedia.org /Robert_Spencer%2C_2nd_Earl_of_Sunderland.html (107 words)

	Reconstruction of Girnigoe Castle
		William as 1st Earl of Caithness and Earl or 'Jarl' of Orkney is most noted in history for the construction of Roslin castle and the ornate Rosslyn chapel in Mid Lothian in the 1440's.
		In I544 George 4th Earl of Caithness seized the Episcopal fortress of Scrabster castle, north of Thurso, from Alexander Gordon, a son of the Earl of Sunderland who had been installed as a temporary Bishop while the Bishop of Caithness was banished.
		Later when the Earl of Sunderland was made hereditary keeper of Scrabster castle it was described as being "situated among the wild and uncivilised Scots".
	www.maybole.org /history/castles/girnigoe.htm (2148 words)

	SUNDAY OR THE LORD'S DAY - LoveToKnow Article on SUNDAY OR THE LORD'S DAY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		SUNDERLAND, ROBERT SPENCER, 2ND EARL or (1640-1702); English politician, was the only son of Henry Spencer (1620-1643), who succeeded his father, William, as 3rd Baron Spencer of Wormleighton in 1636.
		In February 1679, when the country was agitated by real or fancied dangers to the Protestant religion, the earl entered political life as secretary of state for the northern department and became at once a member of the small clique responsible for the government of the country.
		It should be mentioned that while Sunderland was thus serving James II., he was receiving a pension from France, and through his wife's lover, Henry Sidney, afterwards earl of Romney, he was furnishing William of Orange with particulars about affairs in England.
	www.1911ency.org /S/SU/SUNDAY_OR_THE_LORD_S_DAY.htm (2853 words)

	AllRefer.com - Sunderland, Charles Spencer, 3d earl of (British And Irish History, Biography) - Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Sunderland, Charles Spencer, 3d earl of 1674–1722, English statesman; son of the 2d earl.
		His marriage (1700) to a daughter of the 1st duke of Marlborough brought him a secretaryship of state (1706), and he was powerful in the Whig junto that controlled affairs from 1708 to 1710.
		After the accession (1714) of George I, he was at first given minor offices, but through intrigue he secured the dismissal of Viscount Townshend and Robert Walpole and became a secretary of state (1717) and first lord of the treasury (1718), sharing leadership with the 1st Earl Stanhope.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/S/SunderldC.html (275 words)

	Genealogy in Franklin County, Massachusetts - Town of Sunderland
		Sunderland lies in the south-central part of Franklin County and is roughly bounded by Montague on the north, Leverett on the east, Amherst on the southeast, Hadley on the south, Hatfield on the southwest (the latter three towns in Hampshire County), and Whately and Deerfield on the west.
		Sunderland was organized November 12, 1718 from part of Hadley.
		It is formed of conglomerate rock, consisting of rounded stones of every color, embedded in a matrix, and resting upon a basis of micaceous sandstone, which seems to have been worn away by the action of water; so that the strata of conglomerate, left without support, have fallen down, and formed the cave.
	www.rootsweb.com /~mafrankl/zsun.html (1557 words)

	Towns of Springfield, Sunderland and Westhamptonin The Five College Area / Pioneer Valley of Western Massachusetts on ...
		Sunderland started out in 1673 as an informal plantation set up along the banks of Connecticut River, which provided fertile soil and ideal crop conditions, but the native Indians soon drove away the settlers.
		The namesake swamps, located in the northern part of town, were once used to identify various housing lots at the time, were later drained after they proved to be too much trouble.
		The town is named in honor of Charles Spencer, the Earl of Sunderland and a former prime minister of England.
	www.virtualcities.com /ons/ma/p/as/map71a29.htm (453 words)

	Girnigoe
		His son John then became 3rd Earl of Caithness and he too, as already noted, was slain in battle in 1529, leaving his son George to inherit Girnigoe as 4th Earl of Caithness.
		In 1567 at Helmsdale castle, during a banquet, George arranged for John 11th Earl of Sunderland, his wife Helen and family to be poisoned by Isobel Sinclair, the Earl of Sunderland's aunt.
		In 1588 he resisted a 12day siege at Girnigoe by the Earl of Sunderland who failed to make an real impression so the surrounding lands were sacked and Keiss castle across the bay from Girnigoe was damaged before the raiders withdrew.
	www.clansinclairsc.org /girnigoecastle.htm (2136 words)

	National Portrait Gallery \| Research \| Art of the Picture Frame \| Framing in Reign of Charles II
		Sunderland frames are characterised by their distinctive carving, with a cartouche at top and mask at bottom, and by the way the serrated inner sight edge breaks into the painted area.
		That of Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon (1609-74), Charles II's Chancellor, represented in the 'Painted Ladies' exhibition by the single example of Lely's full-length of Clarendon's daughter, Anne Hyde, Duchess of York (Scottish National Portrait Gallery, the frame on the pair to this portrait is repr.
		Robert Spencer, 2nd Earl of Sunderland (1641-1702), Charles II's ambassador to various European courts, was represented in the exhibition by four of Lely's Althorp Beauties (Althorp).
	www.npg.org.uk /betsie/parser.pl/0005/www.npg.org.uk/live/framcharles2.asp? (1835 words)

	Caithness.Org - Caithness Castles : Sinclair & Girnigoe Castle
		His son, also William,2nd Earl of Caithness built Girnigoe and the castle of Knockinnan near Dunbeath some time after 1470 and before his death at the battle of Flodden in 1513 along with King James IV of Scots (1488-1513).
		One of his first actions as Earl was to kill the two jailers responsible for his father's murder,for which he received a remission from the Privy Council as such action was justifiable.
		In 1606 the Earl of Caithness obtained an Act of Parliament to change the name of the Castle from Castle Girnigoe to Castle Sinclair but both names remained in use which led to the confusion and error that there were 2 Castles on the site.
	www.caithness.org /caithness/castles/sinclairgirnigoe/index.htm (3033 words)

	James Stanhope, 1st Earl Stanhope (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In 1701 Stanhope entered the House of Commons but he continued his career as soldier and was in Spain and Portugal during the earlier stages of the War of the Spanish Succession.
		In 1705 he served in Spain under Charles Earl of Peterborough and in 1706 he was appointed British minister in but his duties were still military as as diplomatic and in 1708 after some differences with Peterborough who defensive measures only he was made commander-in-chief the British forces in that country.
		His activity was now shown in conclusion of the Quadruple Alliance between England Austria and Holland in 1718 and in obtaining peace Sweden when threatened by Russia and Denmark while at home he promoted the to limit the membership of the House of Lords.
	www.freeglossary.com /James_Stanhope (619 words)

	Robert Spencer, 2nd Earl of Sunderland - Information
		Looking For robert spencer 2nd earl of sunderland - Find robert spencer 2nd earl of sunderland and more at Lycos Search.
		Robert Spencer, 2nd Earl of Sunderland (1640 – September 28, 1702) was an English statesman and nobleman.
		He served as a Gentleman of the Bedchamber from 1673 to 1679, then was invested a Privy Councillor and appointed Secretary of State for the Northern Department in 1679; at the same time, he served as Ambassador Extraordinary to Paris.
	www.logicjungle.com /wiki/Robert_Spencer%2C_2nd_Earl_of_Sunderland (625 words)

	MSN Encarta - Search Results - Sunderland Robert Spencer 2nd Earl of (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Sunderland, Robert Spencer, 2nd Earl of (1640-1702), English statesman, educated at the University of Oxford.
		Spencer, Charles, 3rd Duke of Marlborough (1706-1758), English military commander, also 5th earl of Sunderland, grandson of...
		Essex, Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of (1566-1601), English court favorite and statesman, who acted against the wishes of Queen Elizabeth I and paid...
	encarta.msn.com /Sunderland_Robert_Spencer_2nd_Earl_of.html (232 words)

	Sunderland, Vermont, New England, USA
		In 1791 Sunderland had almost twice as many people as Arlington, but by 1800 Arlington's population was triple that of Sunderland, and it has remained so up to the present.
		Some historians have suggested that Sunderland in Vermont derives its name from Sunderland, Massachusetts, which may have come from Sunderland, Durham, England, where the name means "land separated from the main estate".
		George Spencer (1739-1817) was the sixth Earl of Sunderland and the fourth Duke of Marlborough.
	www.virtualvermont.com /towns/sunderland.html (792 words)

	Robert Spencer, 2nd Earl of Sunderland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		He served as Secretary of State to two English monarchs and as Lord Chamberlain to William of Orange He married Anne Digby (died 1715), daughter of the 2nd Earl of Bristol on June 10, 1665.
		His second son Charles succeeded him as the 3rd Earl of Sunderland.
		Charles Spencer\n}\nSunderland, Robert Spencer, 2nd Earl of\nSunderland, Robert Spencer, 2nd Earl of\nSunderland, Robert Spencer, 2nd Earl of
	encyclopedia.codeboy.net /wikipedia/r/ro/robert_spencer__2nd_earl_of_sunderland.html (114 words)

	untitled
		In 1685 the Earl of Argyle made a descent from Holland upon Scotland, and the Duke of Monmouth upon England.
		The Earl of Sunderland, President of the Council, Dec. 4th, 1685.
		The Earl of Tyrconnell, the Earl of Powis, the Earl of Castlemaine, all Romanists, and Father Petre a Jesuit, were illegally sworn members of the Privy Council in 1686, and with the Earl of Sunderland, who betrayed him, shared the inner counsels of the King.
	www.angelfire.com /ok3/chester/maindir/twojames.htm (784 words)

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