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	Earls of Warwick - LoveToKnow 1911
		On her death the earldom lapsed to the crown.
		She was succeeded in 1493 in the earldom by her grandson Edward Plantagenet, 18th earl of Warwick (1475-1499), son of the duke of Clarence, and therefore the Yorkist heir to the crown.
		The earldom was revived in 1618 in favour of Robert Rich, 3rd Baron Rich (c.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Earls_of_Warwick (1524 words)

	Duke of Clarence - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The final creation ("Clarence and Avondale") was for Prince Albert Victor of Wales, the eldest son of Albert Edward, Prince of Wales (later King Edward VII).
		The title also took the form of an earldom for Queen Victoria's son Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany and his son Prince Charles Edward, the Clarence earldom being a subsidiary title.
		Prince Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence and Avondale (1864-1892)
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Duke_of_Clarence (485 words)

	Hereditary peer - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In 1919, King George V issued an Order-in-Council suspending the Dukedom of Albany (together with its subsidiary peerages, the Earldom of Clarence and the Barony of Arklow), the Dukedom of Cumberland and Teviotdale (along with the Earldom of Armagh) and the Viscountcy of Taaffe (along with the Barony of Ballymote).
		The Dukedom of Cornwall was held formerly by the eldest son of the King of England, and the Dukedom of Rothesay, the Earldom of Carrick, and certain non-peerage titles (Baron Renfrew, Lord of the Isles and Prince and Great Steward of Scotland) by the eldest son of the King of Scotland.
		Several instances may be cited: the Barony of Nelson (to an elder brother and his heirs-male), the Earldom of Roberts (to a daughter and her heirs-male), the Barony of Amherst (to a nephew and his heirs-male) and the Dukedom of Dover (to a younger son and his heirs-male while the eldest son is still alive).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hereditary_peer (3852 words)

	EARLDOM OF ARUNDEL - Online Information article about EARLDOM OF ARUNDEL
		But the latter's son was restored to both the earldom and the estates by Henry IV.
		It is under this act of parliament that the earldom has been held ever since, and that it passed with the castle in 1777 to the heir-male of the Howards, although the representation in blood then passed to heirs See also:
		Thus the castle and the earldom cannot be alienated from the line of heirs on whom it is entailed by the act of 1627; while the heirship in blood of the earlier earls (to 1415) is vested in Lords Mowbray and See also:
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /ARN_AUD/ARUNDEL_EARLDOM_OF.html (1408 words)

	SparkNotes: Richard III: Act IV, scenes i–iii
		Lady Anne tells Elizabeth that they have come to visit the princes who are imprisoned in the tower, and Elizabeth says that her group is there for the same reason.
		Richard has married off Clarence’s daughter to an unimportant man and has locked up Clarence’s son (who is not very smart and does not present a threat).
		Now, he has disposed of Clarence’s two children by locking up the dim-witted boy and marrying off the girl to a lower-class man, to keep her from marrying a nobleman who might be able to use his wife’s lineage to justify an attempt to seize the throne.
	www.sparknotes.com /shakespeare/richardiii/section10.rhtml (1283 words)

	Murph, Roxane. RICHARD III - Making of a Legend (1)
		Warwick and Clarence were proclaimed traitors and John Neville, the only member of his family who had remained loyal to the king, was deprived of the earldom of Northumberland.
		Warwick and Clarence, realizing full well that they would not win against the combined armies of Richard of Gloucester and the king, gathered together their wives, Warwick's younger daughter Anne, and several hundred adherents, and fled to the protection of Louis XI of France.
		Clarence, a recent widower, suggested that he be permitted to marry Charles's heir, Mary, in order to protect the English interest in Burgundy.
	www.r3.org /bookcase/murph1.html (5285 words)

	EARLDOM OF MAR - Online Information article about EARLDOM OF MAR
		August 12, 1404) settling the reversion to the earldom on himself and his heirs.
		His grandson, who succeeded him in 1828, inherited the earldom of Kellie (1619) and other Erskine dignities by decision of 1835.
		assumption of the title was thus rejected as invalid, but from the passing of the act two earldoms of Mar were in existence, that of Lord Kellie being confirmed and allowed the precedence of 1565, while the restored earldom was allowed that of the dignity on the Union Roll, the only one known till then.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /MAL_MAR/MAR_EARLDOM_OF.html (1669 words)

	ipedia.com: Hereditary peer Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		In 1919, King George V issued an Order-in-Council suspending the Dukedom of Albany (together with its subsidiary peerages, the Earldom of Clarence and the Barony of Arklow), the Dukedom of Cumberland and Teviotdale (along with the Earldom of Armagh) and the Viscountcy of Taaffe (along with the Barony of Ballymote).
		The Dukedom of Cornwall was held formerly by the eldest son of the King of England, and the Dukedom of Rothesay, the Earldom of Carrick, and certain non-peerage titles (Baron of Renfrew, Lord of the Isles and Prince and Great Steward of Scotland) by the eldest son of the King of Scotland.
		Several instances may be cited: the Barony of Nelson (to an elder brother and his heirs-male), the Earldom of Roberts (to a daughter and her heirs-male), the Barony of Amherst (to a nephew and his heirs-male) and the Dukedom of Dover (to a younger son and his heirs-male while the eldest son is still alive).
	www.ipedia.com /hereditary_peer.html (3681 words)

	Earls of March : Marcher
		He died in Ireland in 1425, and as he left no issue the earldom of March in the house of Mortimer became extinct, the estates passing to the last earl’s nephew Richard, who in 1435 was officially styled duke of York, earl of March and Ulster, and baron of Wigmore.
		In 1576 the earldom of Lennox became extinct on the death without male issue of Charles (father of Lady Arabella Stuart), 5th earl of Lennox; and it was then revived in favour of Robert Stuart, a grand-uncle of King James VI., second son.
		The earldom of Lennox (soon afterwards raised to a dukedom) was taken from Robert and conferred upon Esme; and Robert was compensated by being created earl of March and baron of Dunbar (1582).
	www.fastload.org /ma/Marcher.html (3042 words)

	Historic Earls and Earldoms of Scotland - Chapter II - Earldom and Earls of Buchan - Section IV
		In this action, Clarence was slain, the Earl of Buchan having stunned and unhorsed him by a blow of his mace; and the English were defeated.
		conferred the Earldom of Buchan on James Stewart, the second son of Sir James Stewart, "the Black Knight of Lorne," by Joan Beaufort, the widow of James I. Thus the new Earl was the King’s uncle.
		She married Robert Douglas, second son of Sir Robert Douglas of Lochleven, and in 1574 a charter of the Earldom, together with Earlshill, was granted to him and the Countess.
	www.electricscotland.com /webclans/earldoms/chapter2s4.htm (2868 words)

	Richard III
		Clarence, the second of the three brothers, is being escorted to the Tower; Richard makes an empty promise to petition Edward on his behalf.
		In the Tower, Clarence dreams that he has drowned and is accused of treachery by the ghosts of those he has wronged.
		The princes and Anne are dead, Clarence's son has been imprisoned, his daughter safely married and Richard determines to go to Elizabeth "a jolly thriving wooer".
	www.arkangelshakespeare.com /richardIII-1.html (1101 words)

	[No title]
		Clarence O, I have passed a miserable night, So full of fearful dreams, of ugly sights, That, as I am a Christian faithful man, I would not spend another such a night Though 'twere to buy a world of happy days, So full of dismal terror was the time.
		Clarence Methought I had; and often did I strive To yield the ghost; but still the envious flood Stopped-in my soul, and would not let it forth To find the empty, vast, and wand'ring air, But smothered it within my panting bulk, Who almost burst to belch it in the sea.
		Clarence Have you that holy feeling in your souls To counsel me to make my peace with God, And are you yet to your own souls so blind That you will war with God by murd'ring me? O sirs, consider: they that set you on To do this deed will hate you for the deed.
	www.cs.utah.edu /~goller/books/SHAKESPE/RICHARD3.NEW (20212 words)

	British Royal Family - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Clarence was first used as a dukedom in 1362, most of the time being granted to the third son of the Sovereign.
		The convention of granting dukedoms to senior members of the Royal Family was broken most recently in 1999, when The Prince Edward was created Earl of Wessex.
		Many more creations, mostly earldoms, followed in the 1670s: Charles FitzCharles became Earl of Plymouth, Charles FitzRoy Duke of Southampton, Henry FitzRoy Earl of Euston, George FitzRoy Earl of Northumberland, Charles Beauclerk Earl of Burford and Charles Lennox Duke of Richmond and Lennox.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/British_Royal_Family (3120 words)

	The Erskines of Buchan and Cardross
		The wife of Earl John, a daughter of the Earl of Fife, was the high-spirited lady who placed the crown on the head of Robert Bruce, in virtue of a privilege, which, since the time of Malcolm Canmore, had belonged to her family.
		Clarence himself was unhorsed and wounded by Sir William Swinton, and, as he strove to regain his steed, he was felled to the earth and killed by the mace of the Earl of Buchan.
		The earldom of Buchan devolved upon his brother, MURDOCH, Duke of Albany, at whose execution, in 1425, it was forfeited to the Crown.
	www.electricscotland.com /webclans/families/erskines_buchan.htm (6524 words)

	HighBeam Encyclopedia â“ Free Online Encyclopedia for Reference, Research, Facts
		Through his grandfather, Ralph Neville, 1st earl of Westmorland, he had connections with the house of Lancaster; he was also the nephew of Cecily Neville, wife of Richard, duke of York.
		Thus by virtue of his family and lands, Warwick was the most powerful noble in England and the principal baronial figure in the Wars of the Roses (see Roses, Wars of the).
		By the marriage of his daughter to Clarence and the marriage after his death of another daughter to the duke of Gloucester, later Richard III, all of Warwick's property went to the royal house.
	www.encyclopedia.com /printable.aspx?id=1E1:WarwickRN (541 words)

	War of Roses
		At his death the Earldom of Warwick [1450] remained (according to the grant in that year) in his widow for her life, while the Earldom of Salisbury reverted to the Crown and the Baronies of Montagu and Monthermer fell into abeyance between his 2 daughters and coheirs.
		His daughter, Isabella Neville, remained married to Clarence, but Anne Neville, whose husband the Prince of Wales was killed shortly afterwards at the Battle of Tewkesbury, later married Richard III of England.
		Warwick and Clarence were declared traitors and forced to flee to France, where in 1470 Louis XI of France was coming under pressure from the exiled Margaret of Anjou to help her invade England and regain her captive husband's throne.
	home.earthlink.net /~ronaldgcus/WoR.htm (7465 words)

	[No title]
		CLARENCE No, Warwick, thou art worthy of the sway, To whom the heavens in thy nativity Adjudged an olive branch and laurel crown, As likely to be blest in peace and war; And therefore I yield thee my free consent.
		Clarence, beware; thou keep'st me from the light: But I will sort a pitchy day for thee; For I will buz abroad such prophecies That Edward shall be fearful of his life, And then, to purge his fear, I'll be thy death.
		CLARENCE The duty that I owe unto your majesty I seal upon the lips of this sweet babe.
	www.cs.usyd.edu.au /~matty/Shakespeare/texts/histories/3kinghenryvi (21618 words)

	EARLDOM OF SURREY - Online Information article about EARLDOM OF SURREY
		There is some doubt as to when this earldom was created, but it is unquestionably of See also:
		The second family to hold the earldom of Surrey was descended from See also:
		Hamelin took the name of Warenne and was recognized as earl of Surrey or Earl Warenne, and his descendants held the earldom until Earl See also:
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /STE_SUS/SURREY_EARLDOM_OF.html (499 words)

	Royal Dukedoms and other titles
		This practice, tacitly confirmed in 1816, was again confirmed in letters patent of 30th January 1864, for the birth of the duke of Clarence, Queen Victoria's grandson.
		Edward III's own sons were Lionel of Antwerp duke of Clarence; John of Gaunt duke of Lancaster and king of Castile and Leon; Edmund of Langley duke of York; and Thomas of Woodstock duke of Gloucester.
		Dublin, was an earldom of the Prince of Wales 1850-1901(2).
	www.geocities.com /noelcox/Royal_Dukedoms.htm (2408 words)

	Richard III - Shakespeare in quarto
		The death of Clarence, The Mirour for Magistrates, 1587.
		When he refuses Buckingham the promised earldom of Hereford, Buckingham flees the court to join the growing opposition.
		The night before the opposing armies meet in battle, King Richard is visited by the ghosts of his many victims, including Henry VI, the Duke of Clarence, the two young princes, and his wife Lady Anne.
	www.bl.uk /treasures/shakespeare/richard3.html (910 words)

	richardiii
		Clarence, whom I, indeed, have laid in darkness, I do beweep to many simple gulls Namely, to Hastings, Derby, Buckingham; And say it is the queen and her allies That stir the king against the duke my brother.
		CLARENCE Methought I had; and often did I strive To yield the ghost: but still the envious flood Kept in my soul, and would not let it forth To seek the empty, vast and wandering air; But smother'd it within my panting bulk, Which almost burst to belch it in the sea.
		CLARENCE Not to relent is beastly, savage, devilish.
	infutik.mtk.ut.ee /~tonun.jt/richardiii.html (20590 words)

	House_of_York - The real meaning from Timesharetalk wikipedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Anne was also heiress to the earldom of March, following the death of her brother Edmund, 5th Earl in 1425.
		Edmund was the son of Roger Mortimer, 4th Earl of March, who had been named heir presumptive of Richard II, prior to the usurpation of the House of Lancaster, in the person of Henry Bolingbroke, in 1399.
		Despite his elevated status, Richard Plantagenet was denied a position in government by the advisers of the weak Henry VI, particularly John Beaufort, 1st Duke of Somerset and the queen consort, Margaret of Anjou.
	www.timesharetalk.co.uk /wiki.asp?k=House_of_York (866 words)

	Richard III Society: Shakespeare, Richard III, Timeline
		Clarence accused of treason by act of parliament (Act I, sc.
		Clarence executed in the Tower Act I, sc.
		Richard III promises Earldom of Hereford to Buckingham (Buckingham is richest landowner in England) (Act IV, sc.
	www.r3.org /bookcase/shaksper/frontend.html (1373 words)

	HRH THE DUKE OF GLOUCESTER (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		After the Conquest it is possible that the Earldom of Gloucester was held by (a) William FitzEustace, perhaps son of Eustace II Count of Boulogne, and (b) Robert FitzHamon, Sieur de Creully in the Calvados region of Normandy, allegedly grandson of Hamo
		The Earldom passed to his eldest son, William FitzRobert, and from him to JOHN, later KING JOHN and husband from 1189 to 1199 (when he divorced her) of Isabel, the youngest of William FitzRobert's three daughters.
		The Earldom of Ulster was drawn back into the Royal Family when Philippa's granddaughter Anne married her cousin Richard Earl of Cambridge (grandson of EDWARD III) and gave birth to Richard, 3rd Duke of York, also 6th Earl of March and 8th Earl of Ulster.
	www.burkes-peerage.net /Sites/Peerage/SitePages/page62-6h.asp (1335 words)

	Wikinfo \| Henry VII of England (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Simnel had been put forward as "Edward VI", impersonating the young Edward, Earl of Warwick, son of George, Duke of Clarence, who was still imprisoned in the Tower of London.
		Edward's elder sister, Margaret Pole, who had the next best claim on the throne, inherited her father's earldom of Salisbury and survived well into the next reign.
		Another method Henry used to secure his throne was to carry out his promise to marry Elizabeth of York, daughter and heir of King Edward IV, an act that unified the warring houses.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Henry_VII_of_England (1358 words)

	McGenius
		The Duchy of Jedburgh was to have fallen to his illegitimate son, Clarence McGenius, as his sole heir.
		The King agreed and created the Earldom of the Hebrides from him and granted him permission to use his father’s confiscated wealth to build himself a home.
		Earl McGenius was said to have possessed one of Scotland’s finest legal minds and was appointed Lord High Sheriff of Iona and later Protector of the Outer Hebrides to enable him to hold court over the Scottish Isles in the name of the King.
	twerps.vbcity.com /html/mcgenius.html (407 words)

	Richard III (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		GEORGE, Duke of Clarence, the unhappy "false, fleeting, perjured Clarence," brother of the King and of Richard of Gloucester.
		When Clarence is arrested, Richard lays the blame upon the Lady Grey, the King's wife, promises to secure his brother's release as soon as possible, and gives orders that he be murdered.
		Meanwhile, Clarence, repenting the sins he had committed for Edward, is cruelly stabbed in the tower, and his body drowned in a butt of malmsey wine.
	www.uwplatt.edu /~hadorn/r3sum.htm (1187 words)

	William Shakespeare: Richard III
		No doubt, no doubt; and so shall Clarence too; For they that were your enemies are his, And have prevail'd as much on him as you.
		Clarence, who I indeed have cast in darkness, I do beweep to many simple gulls; Namely, to Derby, Hastings, Buckingham; And tell them 'tis the Queen and her allies That stir the King against the Duke my brother.
		Thy Clarence he is dead that stabb'd my Edward; And the beholders of this frantic play, Th' adulterate Hastings, Rivers, Vaughan, Grey, Untimely smother'd in their dusky graves.
	darkwing.uoregon.edu /~rbear/shake/riii.html (18378 words)

	Edgar E. Boyd, Wheeling, West Virginia 1913
		He died October 9, 1887 and in 1888 his widow married Luther Raymond Stiles of Chicago and she married thirdly, Clarence Mason Kelsey, April 25, 1895.
		Clarence was a member of the Chicago Board of Trade.
		The earldom ended with William Boyd, the 4th Earl of Kilmarnock, born May 12, 1705 and beheaded for treason at the Tower in London on Sept 16, 1747.
	www.clanboyd.info /state/West_Virginia/famhist/edgare (8768 words)

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