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| | Irish Ancestors /17th & 18th century emigration |
 | | In the phrase used by the Irish monastic missionaries of the early middle ages, emigration was a "white martyrdom", second in suffering only to death itself. |
 | | Allied to this overwhelmingly negative view of emigration, related, no doubt, to the traditional importance of extended kin-relationships in Gaelic life and strengthened by the enforced departure of the Gaelic aristocracy in the seventeenth century, were the practical barriers. |
 | | In the seventeenth century, in the aftermath of the Cromwellian wars, substantial numbers of the most destitute were shipped as slaves to "the Barbadoes", and relatively large numbers of voluntary emigrants are also recorded in Jamaica, the Leeward Islands, and Monserrat, as well as Barbados. |
| scripts.ireland.com /ancestor/magazine/emigration/emig2.htm (435 words) |
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