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Topic: Early Jurassic

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	Early Jurassic Period - The Lias epoch
		Moving now from the Triassic to the Early Jurassic, we find that the dinosaurs have attained dominance, while most of the other Triassic types of animals have died out in two major Triassic extinctions - the mid-Carnian and the terminal Rhaetic.
		As the Jurassic Period opened, Italy, Greece, Turkey, and Iran were attached to the North African portion of Gondwanaland.
		But already the plesiosaurs were beginning to evolve into the familiar long-necked small-headed Plesiosauroidea and the larger headed, short necked, streamlined Pliosauroidea that were to inhabit the oceans for the rest of the Mesozoic era.
	www.palaeos.com /Mesozoic/Jurassic/EarlyJura.html (872 words)

	Jurassic Period - ninemsn Encarta
		Jurassic Period, middle of the three periods of the Mesozoic Era of the geological timescale.
		The name Jurassic is taken from the Jura Mountains, which lie on the border of France and Switzerland.
		The Jurassic macroflora was dominated by the gymnosperms; angiosperms (flowering plants) are first unequivocally recorded in rocks of the succeeding Cretaceous.
	au.encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761552997/Jurassic_Period.html (1007 words)

	ASIAN DINOSAURS
		The mid Jurassic is represented by the Shunosaurus fauna occuring in the Lower Shaximiao Formation in Sichuan and the Wuwaican Formation in the Junggar Basin.
		The late Jurassic Mamenchisaurus fauna (Mamenchisaurus, Omeisaurus, Szechuanosaurus, Yangchuanosaurus, Sinraptor, Gongbusaurus, Yandusaurus, Chialingosaurus, Tuojiangosaurus and Chungkingosaurus) is widespread, occuring in the Junggar Basin and in Ganzu, Shandong and Sichuan provinces.
		Early Jurassic remains are confined largely to the Kota Formation.
	www.dinoruss.com /de_4/5c60d97.htm (1614 words)

	ASIAN DINOSAURS
		The mid Jurassic is represented by the Shunosaurus fauna occuring in the Lower Shaximiao Formation in Sichuan and the Wuwaican Formation in the Junggar Basin.
		The late Jurassic Mamenchisaurus fauna (Mamenchisaurus, Omeisaurus, Szechuanosaurus, Yangchuanosaurus, Sinraptor, Gongbusaurus, Yandusaurus, Chialingosaurus, Tuojiangosaurus and Chungkingosaurus) is widespread, occuring in the Junggar Basin and in Ganzu, Shandong and Sichuan provinces.
		Early Jurassic remains are confined largely to the Kota Formation.
	www.dinoruss.org /de_4/5c60d97.htm (1614 words)

	GETtext
		An Early Jurassic phase of intracratonic basin development and associated sedimentation is inferred, prior to breaching and marine incursion from the east during the Late Jurassic.
		This early basin development is considered to have been intimately associated with opening and subsequent rifting of the North Atlantic Ocean, and related to a northwest migration of North America relative to the South America/ African supercontinent.
		Early Jurassic passive margin extensional basins commenced in what are now the Somali Basin adjacent to East Africa and an inferred Indian-Antarctican Basin lying to the west of India.
	www.geocities.com /capecanaveral/launchpad/6520/QUANTITATIVE-MODELING.html (7113 words)

	Trends in Sauropodamorph Evolution
		Melanorosaurs, which evolved from early Plateosaurs like Sellosaurus (length 3-6 metres), were large herbivorous animals, 7 to 12 metres long, and one or two tonnes in weight, which were closely related to the huge sauropod dinosaurs of the Jurassic and Cretaceous, and were strictly limited to the quadrapedal pose.
		With the early Jurassic the appearance of the first true Sauropods (the Vulcanodontidae or "volcano tooth", rather inappropriately so called because what were at first thought to be teeth of this type were found between layers of volcanic ash).
		Unfortunately, the fossil record for early Jurassic Sauropods is still very incomplete, although by the Pliensbachian or Toarcian age at least one large and specialised form, Baraposaurus tagore (length 15 to 18 metres, weight 15 tonnes) is known.
	www.kheper.net /evolution/dinosauria/sauropod-trends.html (1255 words)

	Early Jurassic Period @ Planet Dinosaur (Site not responding. Last check: )
		During the Jurassic, Tibet joined Eurasia, and, as the period ended, Africa brushed against southern Europe, losing chunks of crust that formed portions of land as far apart as Arabia and Spain.
		Jurassic lands were generally greener and more lush than they had ever been in Triassic times, and vegetation types were more uniform worldwide.
		In the early Jurassic, the main plant eating vertebrates were prosauropod and ornithischian dinosaurs, and small, mammal like reptiles.
	planetdinosaur.com /dinosaur_worlds/early_jurassic.htm (448 words)

	When Did Angiosperms First Evolve?
		Early and Middle Jurassic floras of those regions are very similar at the genus and family level over large areas of the globe, being dominated by relatively few taxa, most of which were adapted for aridity with small leaves (microphyllous: Cornet and Waanders, 2006).
		Early Jurassic angiosperm-like pollen from Sweden (Nilsson, 1958) and from the Hartford basin of Connecticut, USA (Cornet and Traverse, 1975) fall there and also to the south in the central Atlantic rift zone (Newark Supergroup).
		Coal formation during the Jurassic was restricted to higher latitudes, starting with Early Jurassic coals in Sweden and Middle Jurassic coals in England (Yorkshire Delta), and extensive coal formation of Early and Middle Jurassic age in southern and northern China.
	www.unifiedworlds.com /cornet/Why02/why.htm (12355 words)

	Early Jurassic climate change and the radiation of organic-walled phytoplankton in the Tethys Ocean Paleobiology - Find ...
		Abstract.-During the Early Jurassic, cyst-forming dinoflagellates began a long-term radiation that would portend ecological importance of these taxa in the pelagic plankton community throughout the rest of the Mesozoic era.
		Our results suggest that the rise in dinoflagellate diversity later in the Jurassic appears to correspond to deep water ventilation as a result of the opening of the Atlantic seaway, conditions that appear to have simultaneously led to a loss of prasinophyte dominance in the global oceans.
		The Early Jurassic (Hettangian-Toarcian) witnessed major marine faunal and floral turnovers in the aftermath of the Triassic/Jurassic boundary mass extinction (Little and Benton 1995).
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa4067/is_200501/ai_n9468218 (899 words)

	When Did Angiosperms First Evolve?
		Early and Middle Jurassic floras of those regions are very similar at the genus and family level over large areas of the globe, being dominated by relatively few taxa, most of which were adapted for aridity with small leaves (microphyllous: Cornet and Waanders, 2006).
		Early Jurassic angiosperm-like pollen from Sweden (Nilsson, 1958) and from the Hartford basin of Connecticut, USA (Cornet and Traverse, 1975) fall there and also to the south in the central Atlantic rift zone (Newark Supergroup).
		Coal formation during the Jurassic was restricted to higher latitudes, starting with Early Jurassic coals in Sweden and Middle Jurassic coals in England (Yorkshire Delta), and extensive coal formation of Early and Middle Jurassic age in southern and northern China.
	www.sunstar-solutions.com /sunstar/Why02/why.htm (12131 words)

	BBC - Science & Nature - Horizon - The Mystery of the Jurassic
		In the early Jurassic, 200 million years ago, they were a relatively small group of primitive creatures.
		By the late Jurassic, 50 million years later, they had become the magnificent array of carnivores and giant plant eaters that would dominate the planet for millions of years.
		And the early results are lending support that this may have been a key factor in explaining what happened to the dinosaurs in the mid-Jurassic.
	www.bbc.co.uk /science/horizon/2001/jurassicmystery.shtml (689 words)

	Jurassic plants and climates (Site not responding. Last check: )
		CA Axis 1/Axis 2 distribution of Early Jurassic plant localities from the northern hemisphere, colored according to paleolatitude: 0 to 40N (red circles), 40 to 60N (green crosses), 60 to 90N (blue circles).
		Our Early Jurassic example shows how Correspondence Analysis can be used to interepret phytogeographic patterns based on the axis 1 scores of individual leaf genera and corresponding plant localities, due to their relative degrees of association.
		Jurassic floral gradient, derived from the averaged axis 1 scores of genera common to J1, J2 and J3 floras.
	pgap.uchicago.edu /JURfossilplants.html (1314 words)

	Broad-terrane flood basalts paper
		Early Jurassic tholeiitic lavas that flowed across Mesozoic basins of northeastern North America were comagmatic, as shown by their geochemistry, petrography, paleomagnetism, radiometric ages, and stratigraphy.
		The flood basalt interpretations are limited mainly by our poor knowledge of the regional Early Jurassic topography, which affected the directions and thicknesses of flows, and by the timing and nature of erosion that reduced the basins to their present pattern.
		Jurassic faulting and uplift are responsible for the nearly complete erosion of the northern flood basalt province, leaving only minor remnants preserved within today’s basins.
	www.auburn.edu /academic/science_math/res_area/geology/camp/1996paper.html (3799 words)

	Early Jurassic schizosphaerellid crisis in Cantabria, Spain: Implications for calcification rates and phytoplankton ...
		Early Jurassic schizosphaerellid crisis in Cantabria, Spain: Implications for calcification rates and phytoplankton evolution across the Toarcian oceanic anoxic event
		The early Toarcian nannofloral assemblages show an increase in abundance of Mitrolithus jansae and small-sized r-selected taxa and a progressive decrease in S.
		Citation: Tremolada, F. Van de Schootbrugge, and E. Erba (2005), Early Jurassic schizosphaerellid crisis in Cantabria, Spain: Implications for calcification rates and phytoplankton evolution across the Toarcian oceanic anoxic event, Paleoceanography, 20, PA2011, doi:10.1029/2004PA001120.
	www.agu.org /pubs/crossref/2005/2004PA001120.shtml (395 words)

	Evolution of the dinosaurs
		Early amphibians, such as Ichthyostega and Acanthostega were probably closely related to the lobe finned fish Panderichthys, (perhaps the ancestor of all land-living animals).
		In the Early Triassic, however, land ecosystems were dominated by the immediate ancestors of the dinosaurs, the archosaurs.
		During the Jurassic period, the supercontinent Pangaea was beginning to break up due to the mechanisms of plate tectonics (or 'continental drift').
	palaeo.gly.bris.ac.uk /communication/boulton/evolution.html (1797 words)

	HAKIM & MURTADHA DINOSAURS HOMEPAGE
		The Jurassic period saw changes in the earth climatic condition, the climate became warm and humid.
		Early sea reptiles such as the dolphin-liked animal Ichthyosaurs, Plesiosaurs and Mosasaurs inhabits the ocean of the great Jurassic period.
		During the late Jurassic period, the climate in some part of the earth (Europe) gradually change from hot and dry to warm and damp.
	members.tripod.com /~pre_historic/jurassic.htm (1153 words)

	Jurassic Summary
		The Jurassic period is the second of the three divisions of the Mesozoic era, "The Age of Reptiles." The Jurassic lasted for 64 million years, from about 208 to 144 million years ago.
		The Jurassic Period is a major unit of the geologic timescale that extends from about 200 Ma (million years ago), at the end of the Triassic to 146 Ma, at the beginning of the Cretaceous.
		The Jurassic was named by Alexandre Brogniart for the extensive marine limestone exposures of the Jura Mountains, in the region where Germany, France and Switzerland meet.
	www.bookrags.com /Jurassic (2074 words)

	Early Jurasic Dilophosaurus Scutellosaurus Heterodontosaurus Plateosaurus Scelidosaurus
		Large crested therapods from the Early Jurassic found in various parts of the world are often attributed to Dilophosaurus.
		Dilophosaurus owes its current popularity to Jurassic Park; though the king of the Early Jurassic was a biter, not a spitter.
		Prosauropods were the dominant large plant eaters of the Late Triassic and Early Jurassic.
	dinosaurcollector.150m.com /EJurassic1.html (777 words)

	Jurassic : Overview
		During the Early Jurassic, some regions of the world were still arid, but by the Late Jurassic much of the planet was lush.
		The Jurassic seas were filled with many types of sharks, bony fishes, marine crocodiles, and other marine reptiles of all sizes.
		Birds evolved and began to diversify during the Late Jurassic, but the most common flying vertebrates were the reptilian pterosaurs.
	paleobiology.si.edu /geotime/main/jurassic1.html (745 words)

	Pubs.GISS: Abstract of Chandler 1992 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The first chapter presents an Early Jurassic "base" simulation, which uses detailed reconstructions of paleogeography, vegetation, and sea surface temperature as boundary condition data sets.
		The general circulation model's hydrologic diagnostics are evaluated, using the distribution of modern deserts and Early Jurassic paleoclimate data as validating constraints.
		Early Jurassic simulations show that increased ocean heat transports may have been a major factor in past climates.
	pubs.giss.nasa.gov /abstracts/1992/Chandler.html (457 words)

	Basal Jurassic Dinosaur Tracks and Plants
		During this Early Jurassic Period, the land in the St. George area was at or near sea level since the Rocky Mountains had not yet begun to form.
		Early Jurassic footprints and trackways in the East Berlin Fm., Hartford basin, at the Rocky Hill Dinosaur State Park, Connecticut.
		The St. George Dinosaur Discovery Site at Johnson Farm (SGDS) represents a “snapshot” of an Early Jurassic (~195 million year old) lake ecosystem at a time when the supercontinent called Pangaea was in its initial phase of break-up and dinosaurs were beginning their ascendancy to becoming the predominant land vertebrates of the Mesozoic Era.
	www.sunstar-solutions.com /sunstar/geology/JuraTracks/BasalJurassic.htm (3082 words)

	Transitional Vertebrate Fossils FAQ: Part 1B
		All early mammals from the Lower Jurassic have this low-frequency ear and a double jaw joint.
		By the middle Jurassic, mammals lost the reptilian joint (though it still occurs briefly in embryos) and the two bones moved into the nearby middle ear, became smaller, and became much more sensitive to high-frequency sounds.
		Early bird evolution seems to have involved little forest climbers and then little forest fliers, both of which are guaranteed to leave very bad fossil records (little animal + acidic forest soil = no remains).
	www.talkorigins.org /faqs/faq-transitional/part1b.html (4884 words)

	MESOZOIC the DINOSAURS Diorama Cretaceous, Jurassic, Triassic, Early, Middle, Late
		The Early Triassic is dominated by the plants and animals that had survived the Late Permian extinction.
		The Middle Triassic is a period of transition as dicynodonts and cynodonts whose ancestors dominated the Late Permian decline and archosaurs the ancestors of dinosaurs and crocodiles experiment with a variety of plant eating and carnivorous forms.
		A fragment of the Jurassic lingers on in the
	www.dinosaurcollector.150m.com /mesozoic_home.htm (1143 words)

	Dissecting "Lithiotis" Bivalves: Implications for the Early Jurassic Reef Eclipse -- FRASER et al. 19 (1): 51 -- PALAIOS
		Dissecting "Lithiotis" Bivalves: Implications for the Early Jurassic Reef Eclipse -- FRASER et al.
		Dissecting "Lithiotis" Bivalves: Implications for the Early Jurassic Reef Eclipse
		Early Jurassic buildups are rare and constructed primarily by
	palaios.sepmonline.org /cgi/content/abstract/19/1/51 (247 words)

	Natuurinformatie - Early Jurassic marine reptiles from Southern Belgium and Luxemburg (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Early Jurassic marine reptiles from Southern Belgium and Luxemburg
		By Early Jurassic times, this area was covered by a shallow epicontinental sea in which numerous invertebrates (ammonites, belemnites, bivalves), sharks and bony fishes lived.
		Skeleton of an Early Jurassic elasmosaurid plesiosaur from Dampicourt (Southern Belgium).
	www.natuurinformatie.nl /ndb.kbin.en/natuurdatabase.nl/i000150.html (341 words)

	The Jurassic Period (Site not responding. Last check: )
		this was the Jurassic Period, beginning approximately 210 million years ago and lasting for 70 million years of the Mesozoic Era.
		Outside of Hollywood, the Jurassic is still important to us today, both because of its wealth of fossils and because of its economic importance -- the oilfields of the North Sea, for instance, are Jurassic in age.
		The Jurassic Period is part of the Mesozoic Era.
	www.ucmp.berkeley.edu /mesozoic/jurassic/jurassintro.html (211 words)

	Mid-Jurassic age for the Botany Bay Group: implications for Weddell Sea Basin creation and southern hemisphere ...
		Interpretation of the rift-related sedimentation and volcanism along the eastern Antarctic Peninsula margin is key to understanding the evolution of the Weddell Sea Basin during the Early and Middle Jurassic prior to the initiation of sea floor spreading.
		An Early Jurassic age for deposition of the Botany Bay Group was used to correlate early extension of the Larsen Basin with arrival of the mantle plume and widespread continental rifting associated with early Gondwana break-up (Hathway 2000).
		Farquharson (1984) gave further support for a Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous age for the Botany Bay Group floras by considering similarities with floras from the Powell Island Conglomerate in the South Orkney Islands (Cantrill 2000a).
	findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3721/is_200509/ai_n15352621 (979 words)

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