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Topic: Earths magnetic field

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Rotating magnetic field

Dynamo theory

Magnetic dipole

Magnetism

North Pole

Magnetosphere

Magnetic moment

Ring current

Electromagnetic field

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Lodestone

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	Earth's Inconstant Magnetic Field
		Earth's magnetic field comes from this ocean of iron, which is an electrically conducting fluid in constant motion.
		On the left is a normal dipolar magnetic field, typical of the long years between polarity reversals.
		Magnetic Field of the Earth (hyperphysics) an explanation of the dynamo effect
	science.nasa.gov /headlines/y2003/29dec_magneticfield.htm (1159 words)

	The Earth's Magnetic Field
		The Earth has a substantial magnetic field, a fact of some historical importance because of the role of the magnetic compass in exploration of the planet.
		Thus, true north (defined by the direction to the north rotational pole) does not coincide with magnetic north (defined by the direction to the north magnetic pole) and compass directions must be corrected by fixed amounts at given points on the surface of the Earth to yield true directions.
		The origin of the Earth's magnetic field is not completely understood, but is thought to be associated with electrical currents produced by the coupling of convective effects and rotation in the spinning liquid metallic outer core of iron and nickel.
	csep10.phys.utk.edu /astr161/lect/earth/magnetic.html (585 words)

	Magneticosphere - Earth's Magnetic Field
		Earth's magnetic field (and the surface magnetic field) is approximately a magnetic dipole, with one pole near the north pole and the other near the geographic south pole.
		External events are not likely to be routine causes of magnetic field reversals due to the lack of a correlation between the age of impact craters and the timing of reversals.
		Using a magnetic detector (a variant of a compass), scientists have measured the historical direction of the Earth's magnetic field, by studying the layered iron-rich lava rocks.
	www.crystalinks.com /earthsmagneticfield.html (1509 words)

	Earth's Magnetic Field (Magnetosphere)
		All magnetic objects produce invisible lines of force that extend between the poles of the object.
		Magnetic field lines radiate between Earth's north and south magnetic poles just as they do between the poles of a bar magnet.
		Earth's magnetic field lines are not as symmetrical as those of the bar magnet.
	liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov /academy/space/mag_field.html (188 words)

	Earths magnetic field is fading
		Earth's geodynamo creates a magnetic field that shields most of the habited parts of our planet from charged particles that come mostly from the sun.
		When molten lava erupts onto the Earth's crust and hardens, it preserves a snapshot of Earth's polarity, much in the way that iron filings on a piece of cardboard align themselves to the field of a magnet held beneath it.
		Scientists believe the magnetic field is generated deep inside the Earth where the heat of the planet's solid inner core churns a liquid outer core of iron and nickel.
	www.fuchsiashockz.co.uk /articles/science/earths_magnetic_field_is_fading.php (733 words)

	D. Russell Humphreys, PhD - Earth's Magnetic Field
		Barnes, Thomas G. Decay of the earth's magnetic field and the geochronological implications.
		Electromagnetics of the earth's field and evaluation of electric conductivity, current, and joule heating in the earth's core.
		An analysis of the earth's magnetic field from 1835 to 1965.
	www.creationdigest.com /summer2005/Humphreys_Earths_Magnetic_Field.htm (2283 words)

	More on Magnetic Field
		Historically, \mathbf{B} \ was called the magnetic flux density or the magnetic induction, and \mathbf{H} = \mathbf{B} / \mu \ was called the magnetic field (or magnetic field strength), and this terminology is still often used to distinguish the two in the context of magnetic materials (non-trivial permeability μ).
		Thus, using special relativity, magnetic forces are a manifestation of electrostatic forces of charges in motion and may be predicted from knowledge of the electrostatic forces and the movement (relative to some observer) of the charges.
		Technically, the magnetic field isn't a vector according to the formal definition, it is a pseudovector: it gains an extra sign flip under improper rotations of the coordinate system.
	www.artilifes.com /magnetic-field.htm (1091 words)

	The Earth's Magnetic Field
		The magnet that is loose on the table turns to align with the magnet in your hand.
		Molten material inside the earth is far hotter than the Curie point, which means that the earth as a whole is not a permanent magnet; it must be an electromagnet.
		As sediment accumulates or as molten rock cools, the earth's magnetic field is believed to have aligned the magnetic domains within the material as it hardened, locking in a record of the orientation of the geomagnetic field at the time.
	www.creationevidence.org /scientific_evid/magnetic_fld/magnetic_fld.html (1478 words)

	2012 Magnetic Pole Reversal
		Magnet Pole Drifting The Earth's north magnetic pole is drifting away from North America so fast that it could end up in Siberia within 50 years, scientists have said.
		The magnetic poles are different from geographic poles, the surface points marking the axis of Earth's rotation.
		The north magnetic pole was first discovered in 1831 and when it was revisited in 1904, explorers found it had moved by 50km (31 miles).
	www.polereversal.com (773 words)

	CD701: Decay of Earth's magnetic field
		The earth's magnetic field is decaying at a rate indicating that the earth must be young.
		The earth's magnetic field is known to have varied in intensity (Gee et al.
		Measurements of magnetic field field direction and intensity show little or no change between 1590 and 1840; the variation in the magnetic field is relatively recent, probably indicating that the field's polarity is reversing again (Gubbins et al.
	www.talkorigins.org /indexcc/CD/CD701.html (373 words)

	EARTH CHANGES: Magnetic Field Reversal
		The weakening of earth’s magnetism is one of the factors believed to be predictive of a pole reversal.
		South-pointing magnetic flux moves from sunspots, which are intense magnetic loops near the equator of the sun, along “meridional flows” to the north magnetic pole, and vice versa.
		Whether the magnetic field is primarily molten-metal flow dynamics or electron current loops, or a combination of those and other factors, a magnetic pole reversal may be of significance to the search for clean energy generation and transportation.
	www.pureenergysystems.com /news/2005/02/27/6900064_Magnet_Pole_Shift (2308 words)

	Earths Magnetic Field
		Thus, a magnetic field can trap charged particles such as electrons and protons as they are forced to execute a spiraling motion back and forth along the field lines.
		The corresponding region of space sitting behind the bow shock and surrounding the Earth is termed the magnetosphere; it represents a region of space dominated by the Earth's magnetic field in the sense that it largely prevents the solar wind from entering.
		A: It is recommended to wear the magnets closest to the skin, and as near as possible to the affected area.
	www.magnethealthguide.com /magnet12.htm (1082 words)

	The Earth’s Magnetic Field is Still Losing Energy
		The field of the earth is indeed close to being that of a dipole, though the dipole’s axis tilts about 11.5° away from the earth’s rotational axis.
		The factor a/b in Equation (10) is the ratio of the earth’s surface radius to the radius of the core.
		Decay of the earth’s magnetic field and the geochronological implications.
	www.creationresearch.org /crsq/articles/39/39_1/GeoMag.htm (5738 words)

	Ferromagnetism
		The fraction of the saturation magnetization which is retained when the driving field is removed is called the remanence of the material, and is an important factor in permanent magnets.
		The microscopic evidence about magnetization indicates that the net magnetization of ferromagnetic materials in response to an external magnetic field may actually occur more by the growth of the domains parallel to the applied field at the expense of other domains rather than the reorientation of the domains themselves as implied in the sketch.
		Keep in mind the fact that the internal magnetic fields which come from the long range ordering of the electron spins are much stronger, sometimes hundreds of times stronger, than the external magnetic fields required to produce these changes in domain alignment.
	hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu /hbase/solids/ferro.html (1076 words)

	How does the Earths Magnetic Field effect us? Angels Universe and Stargate
		AS magnetics are a function of planetary rotation, a lessening in the intensity of the magnetics would seem to indicate a lessening in the rate of Earth's rotation.
		It is within the matrices that magnetic influences provide a 'tension' or stress field binding the essense of human consciousness as a framework of Divine intelligence.
		The magnetic fields surrounding each cell of your body may be thought of as a 'buffer' stabilizing the information of the soul within each cell.
	www.angelsuniverse.com /earthmagneticfield.htm (1098 words)

	tomkenyon.com » Earth’s Magnetic Field
		The magnetic field of earth is involved in a perturbation or morphing.
		This is caused by the magnetic field itself, which is responding to the deep energies from space.
		Another set of symptoms directly related to the perturbations of your magnetic field are distinct changes in how you hold short term memory—because memory is a function of the magnetics of your own nervous system and that of earth.
	tomkenyon.com /earths-magnetic-field (1873 words)

	ADCS
		To control the orientation of Maia in space (Attitude) we use the magnetic field of the earth to create small torques that slowly point the satellite where we want it.
		The output of the magnetometers are used to identify the direction of earths magnetic field vector.
		By creating our own controlled magnetic field we use the interaction of the two fields to torque the satellite, causing it to turn and allowing us to control its orinetation in space.The Command and Data handling processor is linked with this dedicated proccesor to monitor the system and ensure proper operation.
	www.ssel.montana.edu /maia/adcs.htm (529 words)

	NASA - Jupiter
		Jupiter's magnetic field is about 14 times as strong as Earth's, according to measurements made by spacecraft.
		Jupiter's magnetic field is the strongest in the solar system, except for fields associated with sunspots and other small regions on the sun's surface.
		The field protects the planet from the solar wind, a continuous flow of charged particles from the sun.
	www.nasa.gov /worldbook/jupiter_worldbook.html (2672 words)

	Earths' Shrinking Magnetic Field
		Many people know that the earth has a magnetic field, but few are aware that this field is shrinking.
		As sediment accumulates or as molten rock cools, the earth's magnetic field is believed to have aligned the magnetic domains within the material as it hardened, locking in a record of the orientation of the geomagnetic field at the time.
		The idea that the geomagnetic field could have rapidly reversed was rejected by the evolutionary community, even though a much larger body, the Sun, reverses its field every eleven years.
	home.texoma.net /~linesden/cem/geomag/geomag.htm (1478 words)

	AAmag
		Although the crust is solid, the core of the Earth is surrounded by a mixture of molten iron and nickle.
		The magnetic field of Earth is caused by currents of electricity that flow in the molten core.
		By the time the field has reached the surface of earth, it has weakened a lot, but it is still strong enough to keep your compass needles pointed towards one of its poles.
	image.gsfc.nasa.gov /poetry/tour/AAmag.html (1177 words)

	`MAGNETARS', SOFT GAMMA REPEATERS & VERY STRONG MAGNETIC FIELDS Robert C. Duncan, University of Texas at Austin
		A magnetar's field is strong enough to push material around in the star's interior and crust, leading to the dissipation of a significant amount of magnetic energy during the first ten thousand years.
		and high-energy photons (γ), is confined by the magnetic field
		The star's magnetic field had to be strong enough to confine the hot electron-positron-photon gas which emitted the soft tail of the March 5th event.
	solomon.as.utexas.edu /~duncan/magnetar.html (14970 words)

	Chickens And Earth's Magnetic Field
		This produces an inclination compass that reacts to the inclination of the Earths magnetic field to the surface of the Earth, thus distinguishing between pole-wards (the side on which the field lines incline downwards) and equator-wards (the side on which they incline upwards).
		To demonstrate that the chicken senses this compass point by means of its magnetic sense of direction, the researchers set up an artificial magnetic field in an easterly direction and the chickens did actually seek their mother behind the screen that lay to the east.
		Accordingly it seems that the magnetic sense of direction was already used by primitive bird-forms to move efficiently in their environment between their nests, sleeping places, and sources of food and water.
	www.what-is-this.com /blogs/permalinks/7-2007/chickens-and-earths-magnetic-field.html (444 words)

	Earths Magnetic Field. (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The geomagnetic field of the earth is very similar to the field of a bar magnetic and has played a major part in navigation over the centuries.
		The magnetic poles of the earth are however not completely aligned with the geographic north and south poles and when navigating this has to be taken into consideration.
		The magnetic field provides an invisible barrier to the charged particles that stream towards us since the magnetic fields is able to reflect the charged particles.
	www.sunblock99.org.uk /sb99/people/DMackay/magearth.html (450 words)

	CNN.com - Report: Earth's magnetic field fading - Dec. 12, 2003
		The strength of the Earth's magnetic field has decreased 10 percent over the past 150 years, raising the remote possibility that it may collapse and later reverse, flipping the planet's poles for the first time in nearly a million years, scientists said.
		Over the southern Atlantic Ocean, a continued weakening of the magnetic field has diminished the shielding effect it has locally in protecting the Earth from the natural radiation that bombards our planet from space, scientists said.
		Among the satellites that have fallen prey to the harmful effects was a Danish satellite designed, ironically, to measure the Earth's magnetic field, Bloxham said.
	www.cnn.com /2003/TECH/science/12/12/magnetic.poles.ap/index.html (347 words)

	earths magnetic field changing (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Creationists have long argued that the earth's magnetic field proves that the earth cannot be more than 10,000 years old.
		Earth's magnetic field evolving for about 9,000 years before, during and after the simulated reversal.
		Measurement of Earth.s Magnetic Field The purpose of this experiment is to measure the horizontal...
	www.yourmagnetguide.com /25/earths-magnetic-field-changing.html (214 words)

	Earth's Magnetic Field
		If you pretended that Earth had a gigantic bar magnet inside of it (it doesn't really, of course), you would have a pretty good idea about the approximate shape of Earth's magnetic field.
		Earth's magnetic field is slightly tilted with respect to the planet's spin axis; there is currently a difference of about 11° between the two.
		Although Earth's magnetic field is roughly a dipole (like the field of a bar magnet) to a first approximation, it has a much more complex shape than a simple dipole field.
	www.windows.ucar.edu /tour/link=/earth/Magnetosphere/earth_magnetic_field.html&text=t (693 words)

	Helmholtz Coils - Hirst Magnetic Instruments Ltd/coils/helm.shtml Helmholtz introduction
		Helmholtz Coils are a special arrangement of coils such that when an electric current is applied to them, the resultant magnetic field generated between the coils is extremely uniform.
		Coils configured in this way are also used for applying or measuring fields and are useful for experiments and calibration where a known ambient magnetic field is required.
		Helmholtz field generation is produced using either AC or DC current.
	www.hirst-magnetics.com /coils/helm.shtml (199 words)

	HOW 7 - Inertial Stabilisation & Electrical Induction
		If you've ever tried to get a small magnet to just float on top of the repellent field of a larger one bellow, the problem becomes apparent when that self same degree of repellence keeping it up also causes the smaller magnet to want to immediately flip so as its attractant pole is facing down.
		The solution is to simply spin the mass of the magnetic one wishes to float first and then introduce it into the repellent field bellow.
		The Earths magnetic field is a massive source of potentially clean, constantly renewed, inexhaustible electrical energy.
	mysite.wanadoo-members.co.uk /how-by-frank-marshal/pages/how_page7.html (519 words)

	Jupiter
		Auroral emissions, similar to Earth's northern lights, were observed in the polar regions of Jupiter.
		These particles and fields comprise the jovian magnetosphere or magnetic environment, which extends 3 to 7 million kilometers (1.9 to 4.3 million miles) toward the Sun, and stretches in a windsock shape at least as far as Saturn's orbit - a distance of 750 million kilometers (466 million miles).
		A magnetic field is sketched over the image to place the energetic neutral atom emissions in perspective.
	www.solarviews.com /eng/jupiter.htm (2771 words)

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