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Topic: Earthworks (art)

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Double Negative (artwork)

Michael Heizer

Robert Smithson

Richard Long (artist)

Earth art

	ArtLex on Earth Art and Earthworks
		Earthworks often refer to phenomena such as the slow process of erosion or to the movement of planets or stars, especially the sun.
		Earth art's emergence in the 1960s was simultaneous with that of the ecological movement, Arte Povera and process art, with each of which it had a kinship.
		Earthworks can be considered part of the category of works known as environment art.
	www.artlex.com /ArtLex/e/earthart.html (1058 words)

	Charles Saatchi
		However, some of your donations to art schools and colleges are arguably just a way of purging your collection of second-rate art that will be hard to sell.
		But, unlike many of the art world heavy hitters and deep thinkers, I don't believe painting is middle-class and bourgeois, incapable of saying anything meaningful anymore, too impotent to hold much sway.
		An occupational hazard of some of my art collector friends' infatuation with art is their encounters with a certain type of art dealer.
	www.saatchi-gallery.co.uk /charlesqa/qa.htm (3752 words)

	Art:21 . Glossary Words \| PBS
		Architecture has close ties to the visual arts, and many artists' works are very sensitive to the ways in which their art interacts with buildings and exhibition spaces.
		Modern Art is oriented towards developing new visual languages (rather than preserving and continuing those of the past) and takes the form of a series of periods, schools, and styles.
		Performance art is normally created by people with a visual arts education and relates more to the history of painting and sculpture than to theater or dance.
	www.pbs.org /art21/education/glossary_pop.html (3358 words)

	artnet.com Magazine Books - Land Rush (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The mortar & pestle was so intrinsic to the art that Marcel Duchamp claimed that the first readymades were the commercial paints in tubes that appeared in the late 1850s, store-bought colors separating the artist from the earth, the original sin as it were.
		The saga of land art begins, improbably enough, with a grave dug in New York's Central Park by Claes Oldenburg in 1967 as part of "Sculpture in the Environment," an official government event.
		Inasmuch as the phenomenal run up in contemporary art prices was already under way and had become synonymous with the privileged class, these land-art rebels went the other way, constructing their art in situations where it could be neither collected nor sold.
	www.artnet.com /magazine/index/croak/croak11-10-03.asp (1540 words)

	land art - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		land art or earthworks, art form developed in the late 1960s and early 70s by Robert Smithson, Robert Morris, Michael Heizer, and others, in which the artist employs the elements of nature in situ or rearranges the landscape with earthmoving equipment.
		The technique was in part an attempt to counter the perception of art as an acquirable commodity, although as the movement developed such items as site photographs, cartographic studies, and artists' notebooks were made available to collectors.
		Still another monumental land art work is James Turrell's Roden Crater, an extinct volcano near Flagstaff, Ariz., the interior of which he has transformed since the 1970s into an enormous work of art with rooms, tunnels, and openings to the sky.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-landart.html (438 words)

	AllRefer.com - earthworks (American Art) - Encyclopedia
		earthworks or land art, art form developed in the late 1960s and early 70s by Robert Smithson, Robert Morris, and others, in which the artist employs the elements of nature in situ or rearranges the landscape with earthmoving equipment.
		The technique was in part an attempt to counter the perception of art as an acquirable commodity.
		Still another monumental earthwork is James Turrell's Roden Crater, an extinct volcano near Flagstaff, Ariz., the interior of which he has transformed since the 1970s into an enormous work of art with rooms, tunnels, and openings to the sky.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/E/earthwork.html (310 words)

	Beyond minimalism Art in America - Find Articles
		Earthworks: Art and the Landscape of the Sixties, by Suzaan Boettger, Berkeley, University of California Press, 2002; 316 pages, $50.00 cloth, $24.95 paper.
		Suzaan Boettger's Earthworks: Art and the Landscape of the Sixties, reissued this year in paperback, deserves equal praise for somewhat different reasons.
		Though earthworks can be tied plausibly enough to Minimalist precedents, Boettger begins her story with an account of the late-'60s trend that lured all sorts of art out of the gallery and into public space.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1248/is_11_92/ai_n7637902 (885 words)

	Landed Art Journal - Find Articles
		Earthworks: Art and the Landscape of the Sixties.
		Whether called "land art" or "earth art," the resulting group of artistic practices is often positioned at a threshold point in accounts of an emerging postmodernist sensibility.
		The first in-depth, social-historical study of this post-Minimalist phenomenon in the United States is Earthworks: Art and the Landscape of the Sixties by Suzaan Boettger.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0425/is_2_64/ai_n15338136 (771 words)

	Guggenheim Museum - Curriculum Online
		She felt that, through her art, her interactions with nature and work in the landscape would help facilitate the transition between her homeland and new home.
		The photographs recording her Earthworks and Body art are all that remain.
		EARTHWORKS ART Art that transforms an area of land using rock, soil and other natural materials.
	www.guggenheim.org /artscurriculum/lessons/movpics_mendieta.php (884 words)

	StrangeWeather.info: Earthworks / Land art Archives
		The RSA and Arts Council England are pleased to announce the publication of LAND, ART: A Cultural Ecology Handbook.
		Arts and Ecology was launched by the RSA and Arts Council England in April 2005 to support the work the work of the arts in examining and addressing social and environmental concerns in an interdisciplinary and international arena.
		Arts and Ecology consists of a series of initiatives including conferences, networking, ongoing discourse, international research trips, education pilots, artists’ projects and commissions, a website and a publication.
	firstpulseprojects.net /Strange-Weather-mt/earthworks-land-art (942 words)

	New England College - Art and Art History Courses
		The purpose of this course is to introduce the students to the languages, concepts and practices of art through visual and art historical perspectives.
		It is the intention of the department to introduce its majors to all of the art practices including drawing and painting, sculpture, printmaking, photography, conceptual and installation art, video art, earthworks, performance art, as well as craft and graphic design.
		Emphasis is on art theories and visual images as a reflection of modern civilization.
	www.nec.edu /academics/departments/art/courses.html (1516 words)

	ArtLex's E-Em page
		In the arts, although effort — the exertion of energy — is essential, it is less tangible than the end result.
		Although conceptual art might seem to be an exception to this rule, ultimately the quality of what any artist has done relies on that which can be seen in the work itself — its making, its production, its success.
		Art educators might assess students' efforts as much as they do their achievements.
	www.artlex.com /ArtLex/E.html (4430 words)

	What is Art?
		Conceptual art challenges the materiality of art, by using physical forms that may themselves be relatively prosaic or even boring, such as hand-lettered posterboards, perhaps to suggest a concept, or a reconceptualization of an existing situation.
		Thus art is for Kant the beautiful presentation of some form, and through it, the presentation of an aesthetic idea which lies beyond the realm of the concepts and the categories.
		Both art and science are part of culture, and as such, both their nature and their relationships are bound to be complex, and to change over time and location.
	www-cse.ucsd.edu /users/goguen/misc/ab2.html (3881 words)

	Robert Smithson
		He gained international recognition for his groundbreaking art which was not limited by genre or materials as well as for his critical writings that challenged traditional categories of art between the years of 1964-1973.
		In Entropy and the New Monuments he wrote "...the urban sprawl, and the infinite number, of housing developments of the postwar boom have contributed to the architecture of entropy" and that "entropy is a condition that is moving toward a gradual equilibrium".
		The earthworks enabled Smithson to deal with his concerns regarding art in the land, while simultaneously producing an artform that was non-commercial, existing outside of the traditional viewing spaces.
	www.robertsmithson.com /introduction/introduction.htm (2510 words)

	Open Directory - Arts:Art History:Periods and Movements
		A style in art and architecture (c.1520-1600), originating in Italy as a reaction against the equilibrium of form and proportions characteristic of the High Renaissance.
		Stuckism is an art movement that was founded in 1999 in Britain by Billy Childish and Charles Thomson to promote figurative painting in opposition to conceptual art.
		Literary and art movement influenced by Freudianism and dedicated to the expression of imagination as revealed in dreams, free of the conscious control of reason and free of convention.
	dmoz.org /Arts/Art_History/Periods_and_Movements/desc.html (1559 words)

	A Site to Be Seen: Ancient Earthworks Electronically Rebuilt, Now to Travel
		Earthworks, from as early as 600 BC that stretched over miles and rose to heights of 15 feet or more, were either gouged out or plowed under in the 19th century or paved over for development in the 20th.
		The “EarthWorks” reconstructions will be the centerpiece within a 500-square-foot traveling exhibit fabricated by the Cincinnati Museum Center, which is also managing and administrating the national tour.
		The centerpiece of the exhibit is a large screen on which the 3-D explorations of “EarthWorks” by a user at the touch-screen computer can be shared with a larger audience.
	www.uc.edu /news/NR.asp?id=3757 (758 words)

	Notebook
		Art in the Public Interest - "Art in the Public Interest (API) is a nonprofit organization that supports the belief that the arts are an integral part of a healthy culture, and that community-based arts provide significant value both to communities and artists.
		The City's commitment to the arts was affirmed in 1989 by landmark ordinances that defined the meaning of public art and created a mechanism to foster the creation of art throughout the community that is unparalleled in its scope and quality.
		Earthworks, environments, performances and actions by artists ranging from Ana Mendieta, Robert Smithson or Walter de Maria in the 1970s-80s to Peter Fend and Mierle Laderman Ukeles in the 1990s are all illustrated with breathtaking photographs, sketches and project notes.
	www.noteaccess.com /DIRECTORIES/EnvirPublicArt.htm (4672 words)

	Moving Mountains, Walking on Water
		Perhaps the best-known Earthwork is Smithson's 'Spiral Jetty', completed in three weeks in 1970, an immense coil composed of 6,650 tons of fl basalt rock and earth jutting into the shallows of the Great Salt Lake, in Utah.
		The earliest Earthworks were funded by private patrons, including gallerist Virginia Dwan and the late collector Robert Scull; Govan has recently been spending much of his time raising money for these and other projects, while organizations devoted to the visual arts have kicked in with substantial grants.
		Nonetheless, the Earthworks movement does have its stepchildren, whose projects have ranged from the ephemeral to the insouciant to the ecologically correct.
	www.aleksandramir.info /texts/landi.html (2327 words)

	Monumental Land Art of the United States
		Land Art, also called Earth Art, Environmental Art or Earthworks, is primarily a sculptural movement encompassing creative work that integrates physical or conceptual elements of the landscape into the finished piece.
		The fact that nearly all of the first wave of artists achieving notoriety in the form were male, and worked in a manner that was both invasive and transformative, gave the movement a reputation for having a core of testosterone driven ego.
		Land Art's most articulate spokesman was Robert Smithson, whose Spiral Jetty has become emblematic of the genre.
	www.daringdesigns.com /earthworks.htm (1001 words)

	Travel and Recreation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Earthworks Gallery represents over 150 artists in a new expanded gallery in Yachats, Oregon, with over 3000 sq.
		Earthworks is the place to find the exceptional in fine art and contemporary crafts.
		Earthworks owner Steve Dennis crafts unique ceramic platters reflecting the beautiful and constantly changing natural environment on the Oregon Coast.
	www.oregoncoast101.com /earth.html (63 words)

	Art:21 . Online Lesson Library . The Natural World . Lesson 3—In the Landscape \| PBS
		After introducing the general concepts of art in and from the landscape, have students research how artists throughout history have approached the landscape to create art—from the Caves of Lascaux and Stonehenge to the present.
		Then have students research the terms ‘Earth Art,’ ‘Earthworks,’ and ‘Land Art’ and research artists such as Robert Smithson, Michael Heizer, Walter de Maria, and Ana Mendieta.
		Have students create three different works of art that involve three different processes of interacting with the landscape: 1) art that carefully investigates and records the environment as it exists; 2) an artwork that responds to or is influenced by a particular environment; 3) an artwork that imposes itself upon the landscape.
	www.pbs.org /art21/education/naturalworld/lesson3.html (1702 words)

	Art (The Nation, July 19, 1971)
		Land art, by taking the earth itself as a medium, has expanded the scale possible for artists and body art, by making the artist's organism his subject, has abolished the need for hardware.
		Conceptual art, as it is propositional in form, reduces the physical presence of art to whatever is needed to point to an idea.
		It is not objectless art, but the kind of object is usually common and repeatable.
	www.thenation.com /archive/detail/13343556 (152 words)

	Women Environmental Artists Directory: Suzaan Boettger, Ph.D.
		Earthworks: Art in the Lanscape of the Late Sixtiesis the tentative title of the broadly contextualized book I am writing on the emergence, ideas and forms of (post)modern Earthworks; it will be published by the University of California Press in 2001.
		I analyze art from relevant cultural, social, psychological, political and formal perspectives.
		I have been a critic in California and New York for 20 years, and teach art history and MFA seminars at the City College of The City University of New York.
	www.weadartists.org /boettger/boettger.html (161 words)

	Earthworks (Art) books, find the lowest prices
		Earthworks and Beyond : Contemporary Art in the Landscape
		Art in the Land : A Critical Anthology of Environmental Art
		Earthworks, Land Reclamation as Sculpture : [exhibition Catalog] a Project of the King County Arts Commission
	www.allbookstores.com /Earthworks_(Art)_p5sd.html (167 words)

	land art — Infoplease.com
		Arte: Pintura rupestre y land art.(TT: Art: land art and cave painting.)(Reseña)
		Art Bank announces the release of "The Land of Silence" by In Hwan Moon.(originals)
		X-ray visions: a spectacular selection of comtemporary art from the Kunwinjku People in Western Arnhem Land is on display at ACF's......
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/ent/A0921623.html (411 words)

	Earthworks
		Examining the art, the artists, their dealers and proponents, Boettger interprets Earthworks as a manifestation both of artists' personal stories and of the late 1960s social and political tumult.
		Her examination of Earthworks' relationship to the ecology movement perceptively corrects a popular misconception about the artists' goals while acknowledging the social and cultural complexities of the period.
		Witty, accessible, and scrupulously researched, Earthworks constructs day-to-day chronologies of the development of the artistic movement and its intersections with the larger public events of the time, including specific accounts of galleries, exhibitions, and criticism.
	www.ucpress.edu /books/pages/8784.html (715 words)

	OHS - Places - Newark Earthworks - Great Circle Earthwork (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The Great Circle is one part of the Newark Earthworks State Memorial, the largest system of connected geometric earthworks built anywhere in the world.
		Octagon Earthworks and Wright Earthworks are both additional local sites that preserve other features of this majestic remnant of prehistoric Ohio.
		The Great Circle Earthworks is on the south side of Newark, in Licking County, off of State Route 79 between Parkview Drive and Cooper Street.
	www.ohiohistory.org /places/newarkearthworks/greatCircle.cfm (255 words)

	Carnegie Mellon Press Release: November 16, 2004
		A professor of art history and theory in Carnegie Mellon's School of Art, King is not only an art historian, but also an art critic and international curator.
		She is a former director of the Center for Contemporary Art in Cincinnati.
		Stanford is an adjunct professor of art at Carnegie Mellon and at Chatham College.
	www.cmu.edu /PR/releases04/041116_earthworks.html (334 words)

	ARTnews
		Aleksandra Mir’s “spoof on Earth Art and art history” transformed a Dutch beach into a lunar landscape of hills and craters for a day in l999.
		But nature doesn’t have to be at her most dramatic for the work to be appreciated; the light-reflective poles are especially vivid at dawn and dusk, when the sun’s rays send waves of color across them.
		None aspires to the scale of a Smithson or a Turrell, in part because gaining the necessary permits, given environmental legislation, would probably be almost impossible today, and in part because the spirit of the times is different—less ostentatious, less concerned with making enduring monuments.
	artnews.com /issues/article.asp?art_id=1540 (1745 words)

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