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Topic: East Karelia

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	Finnish Karelia information - Search.com
		Most of Finnish Karelia was ceded by Finland to the Soviet Union in 1940, after the Winter War, and today is divided between the Russian autonomous Republic of Karelia and the Russian Leningrad Oblast.
		Western Karelia, as an historical Province of Sweden, was religiously and politically distinct from the eastern parts that were under the Russian Orthodox Church.
		The traditional culture of "Ladoga-Karelia", or Finnish Karelia according to the pre-Winter War borders, was by and large similar to that of Eastern Karelia, or Russian Karelia.
	www.search.com /reference/Finnish_Karelia (773 words)

	Welcome to Karelia - Petrovan Tour
		The population of Karelia is 700 000 inhabitants.
		In the west Karelia borders on Finland, in the south on Leningradskaya and Vologodskaya regions, in the north on Murmanskaya and in the east on Arkhangelskaya regions.
		Karelia is often called a stony lake-and-forest land, which stresses the main elements of the landscape.
	petrovan-tour.com (721 words)

	East Karelia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		East Karelia, also Eastern Karelia or Russian Karelia, is a name for the part of Karelia that since the Treatyof Stolbova in 1617 has remained Christian Orthodox under Russian supremacy.
		Most of East Karelia is now part of the Republic of Karelia within the Russian Federation.
		Most of East Karelia was occupied by Finnish forces 1941 –; 1944.
	www.therfcc.org /east-karelia-157798.html (184 words)

	Wikinfo \| Karelia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Karelia, Karjala (in Finnish) or Karelen (in Swedish), is a historical province in eastern Finland.
		Present-day Finnish Karelia is divided upon the administrative provinces of Eastern Finland (Northern Karelia) and Southern Finland (Southern Karelia).
		The traditional culture of Ladoga-Karelia, or Finnish Karelia (according to the pre-Winter War borders), was by and large similar to that of East-Karelia, or Russian Karelia.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Karelia (652 words)

	East Karelia
		East Karelia, also Eastern Karelia or Russian Karelia, is a name for the part of Karelia that since the Treaty of Stolbova in 1617 has remained Christian Orthodox under Russian supremacy.
		Small elitist circles in newly independent Finland advocated before and during the Continuation War the conquest of East Karelia in order to rescue the Karelians from Bolshevist and, later, Stalinist oppression.
		Most of East Karelia was occupied by Finnish forces 1941–1944.
	www.xasa.com /wiki/en/wikipedia/e/ea/east_karelia_1.html (192 words)

	AllRefer.com - Karelia (CIS And Baltic Political Geography) - Encyclopedia
		A glaciated plateau, Karelia is covered by over 60,000 lakes and by coniferous forests; fishing and lumbering are major industries.
		Karelia, properly speaking the region N and E of Lake Onega, was conquered in the 12th–13th cent.
		Karelia reverted to the status of an autonomous republic in 1956.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/K/Karelia.html (550 words)

	Karelia. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		A glaciated plateau, Karelia is covered by over 60,000 lakes and by coniferous forests; fishing and lumbering are major industries.
		Karelia, properly speaking the region N and E of Lake Onega, was conquered in the 12th–13th cent.
		Karelia reverted to the status of an autonomous republic in 1956.
	www.bartleby.com /65/ka/Karelia.html (487 words)

	Karelia. Tourism portal \| Historical & cultural heritage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Republic of Karelia has great opportunities for developing different types of tourism and satisfying needs of travellers: there are more than 4 thousand registered historical, cultural and nature objects.
		Karelia is one of the most well-known russian territories in international tourism, for it has a lot of unique architectural, cultural and historical objects on Kizhi and Valaam islands and on Solovetskie Islands, situated not far from the administrative borders of Karelia and included in the UNESCO World Heritage List.
		Valaam island is situated in south-east of Karelia in Ladoga Lake.
	ticrk.ru /en/gallery_8091.html (342 words)

	Historical Karelia (Russia)
		However, autonomous East Karelia [both current and soviet] is just a small part of Russian Karelia, known as White Sea Karelia, or in other words, the area between the White Sea and the Finnish border.
		The area to the south of White Sea Karelia, between lakes Onega and Lagoda, is known as Aunus Karelia, named after the town with the Finnish name Aunus (in Russian: Олонец).
		According to the present constitution, Russian is the only official language in the Republic of Karelia despite the efforts of the ethnic Karelians (ca 10% of population) to have their language made co-official.
	flagspot.net /flags/ru-10h.html (976 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/East Karelia
		East Karelia, in Finnish Itä-Karjala, also Eastern Karelia or Russian Karelia, is a name for the part of Karelia that since the Treaty of Stolbova in 1617 has remained Christian Orthodox under Russian supremacy.
		In the sparsely populated East Karelian backwoods, mainly in Vienan Karelia, Elias Lönnrot collected the folk tales that ultimately would become Finland's national epic, the Kalevala.
		After Karelia was divided between Finland and Russia in 1918, the Finnic peoples that made up most of the population of East Karelia were promised far-reaching cultural rights.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Russian_Karelia (320 words)

	East Karelia, 1918-1922
		However, autonomous East Karelia is just a small part of Russian Karelia, known as White Sea Karelia, or in other words, the area between the White Sea and the Finnish border.
		The East Karelians were quickly caught in the middle of the struggles between red and white Russian forces, the intervention forces under the British and Finnish volunteer expeditions.
		However, the red Russian forces took the East Karelian territory in the early summer of 1920 and the at the end of June the East Karelian government fled to Finland.
	www.atlasgeo.net /fotw/flags/ru-12h.html (1092 words)

	KAYAKING.RU • River Guide • Karelia and Kola (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Karelia is a nice, relatively untouched country, located north to St.Petersburg, along the Finland border.
		Population is irregular and roads are scarce especially in the east.
		Southern Karelia, around the northern shores of Ladoga Lake and just few hours drive from St.Petersburg, offers several rivers runnable during spring flood, typically early May. This region is not well scouted, mainly because of very short paddling timeframe, so more rivers and falls obviously exist.
	www.kayaking.ru /en/rivers/karelia (1088 words)

	Genocide in Soviet Karelia: Stalin's Terror and the Finns of Soviet Karelia
		In Finland, Soviet Karelia has generally been known as "East Karelia", as opposed to the "Western Karelian" areas located west and southwest of Lake Ladoga (particularly the Viipuri region on the Karelian Isthmus) which for centuries have been closely connected with Finland, or a part of it.
		As a whole, the population in Soviet Karelia changed dramatically in the period under research: in 1920 there were 200,000 persons living in the area, and in 1939 a total of 469,000.
		For example, in Soviet Karelia, the use of the Finnish language as the second official language was prohibited in 1938, and an unsuccessful effort was made to develop a Karelian literary language with a very strong Russian influence.
	www.genealogia.fi /emi/art/article255e.htm (5445 words)

	Karelian Bear Dogs; Karelia; Karelian people
		Karelians lived scattered across a broad area, stretching from the southeast corner of present-day Finland eastwards to the Karelian isthmus, and in the north from the northern edge of Lake Ladoga to Lake Onega and on to the shores of the White Sea.
		Karelia experienced rapid industrialization, but hostilities did not cease until two more wars were fought, now between Finland and the Soviet Union.
		East Karelia (or Russian Karelia) had predominately remained under Russian supremacy.
	www.karelianbeardog.us /kbdbreed_people.html (506 words)

	Promoting Veps' Culture in Karelia
		As a result the areas historically inhabited by the Veps came to be divided between South-East Karelia, the north-eastern part of Leningrad oblast and the north-western part of the Vologda oblast.
		In 1995 the government of the Republic of Karelia adopted the ‘Program for the Rebirth of the Karelian, the Vepsian and the Finnish languages and cultures in the Republic of Karelia’.
		With a decree (No. 985, December 2, 1996) of the president of Karelia the Vepsian Volost was granted the full status of an administrative unit of the Republic, consisting of 14 villages with a total population of about 3600 individuals, of whom Veps account for 42%.
	www.cemes.org /current/LGI/158-eng.htm (1299 words)

	East Karelia (Russia), 1918
		In the aftermath of the Russian revolution and Finnish independence (December 1917), things started to happen in East Karelia too.
		On 17 March 1918 a meeting was convened in the village of Uhtua.
		Much of the material for the Kalevala was collected in East Karelia.
	www.crwflags.com /fotw/flags/ru-10h1.html (208 words)

	Mauri Rastas: "History of Karelia"
		East Karelia is the area east from the Finnish eastern border (green area in the map), which has been a completely separate part of Karelia since the treaty of 1617, as it is fully Orthodox.
		The period of prosperity of Ancient, un-devided Karelia began in 10th century, was culminated in 1100-1200 and declined at the beginning of 14th century.
		Karelia was too weak to resist this new mighty god, meaning a beginning of the nation's rupture.
	www.kolumbus.fi /rastas/eng_carel.html (2858 words)

	Karelia guild's homepage
		To form a guild of our own was the plan in the first place, but due to a limited amount of players we weren't able to form the guild without new players "from the outside".
		The name Karelia comes from the area of land located on the eastern border of Finland, that now belongs to Russia (and thus formerly to the Soviet Union).
		Some other maps depicting Karelia, one medieveal map from the year 1539, two from the year 1695 and one current.
	www.saunalahti.fi /voas0560/karelia/history.html (662 words)

	Attack 1941
		East Karelia, the age-old living area of Finno-Ugric people was taken.
		The troops were positioned so that the 6th Army Corps was in the right flank by Laatokka, the 7th Army Corps in the center and Group Oinonen in the left flank east of Suojärvi.
		Around mid-October these troops, the 4th and 8th Divisions, Group Oinonen and Brigade K were formed into the (new) 2nd Army Corps, to fight in the left flank of the Karelian Army.
	www.rajajoki.com /attack.htm (3049 words)

	Saint Louis Symphony
		Karelia was first composed as incidental music to a patriotic affair in November 1893 and was performed at Helsinki University with the composer conducting.
		Finland had been dominated by her two neighbors for centuries, Sweden to the west and Russia to the east.
		The Karelia region is an area in eastern Finland sharing a border with Russia, the exact location of the border having changed many times.
	www.slso.org /notes/05-15-2005.htm (1894 words)

	PP2C Tribes of Finland
		In the east, the traditional slash-and-burn method of cultivation was dominant and it remained in use well into the 19th century.
		In the east, houses stood further apart, and people were tied to their kin rather than to a village.
		The Karelian tribe reside in the regions of Southern Karelia and Kymenlaakso.
	www.uta.fi /~ik69939/tribes.html (5843 words)

	Continuation War - Article from FactBug.org - the fast Wikipedia mirror site
		Before World War II Although East Karelia has never been part of Finland, a majority of its inhabitants were Finnic people; and cultural ties, trade, and cross-border marriages were common before World War I and Finnish independence.
		Indicative of this is that the majority of poems in the Kalevala were collected from the backwaters of East Karelia where Swedish and Slavic influences have been lowest.
		Official Finland raised the question of East Karelia several times in the League of Nations, demanding a similar referendum for the future of the region as had been arranged in Saarland, Silesia and Schleswig.
	www.factbug.org /cgi-bin/a.cgi?a=7712 (10539 words)

	Karelia and the Russian part of Barents Region (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The island of Kizhi on Onega Lake (Karelia).
		The park occupies 500,000 hectares shared by two regions of Russia: the Republic of Karelia and the Arkhangelsk region.
		The Vodl Lake is situated 50 km to the east from the Onega Lake.
	www.cs.toronto.edu /~mes/russia/sev-zap/karelia.html (302 words)

	East Karelia (Russia), 1919-1920
		The East Karelians were quickly caught in the middle of the struggles between red and white Russian forces, the intervention forces under the British and Finnish volunteer expeditions.
		However, the red Russian forces took the East Karelian territory in the early summer of 1920 and the at the end of June the East Karelian government fled to Finland.
		Among the colours of the East Karelian flag fl stands for the earth and the sorrowful history of the region, green for the abundant forests as well as hope for a better future and red for blood and joy.
	www.nationalflaggen.de /flags-of-the-world/flags/ru-10h2.html (1575 words)

	North-West Travel Bureau - Travel to Karelia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Karelia is a fairyland of forests, lakes and white nights.
		There are 13 cities in Karelia including 3 of notable significance to the republic (Petrozavodsk, Sortavala, Kostomuksha) - and 16 towns.
		Fauna of Karelia consists of large and medium predators such as the wolf, bear and lynx; the elk, reindeer and wild boar are representing the order Artiodactyla; amongst birds there are about 270 species known.
	www.nwtb.ru /eng/karelia.html (441 words)

	Finland HISTORY
		By 1293, Swedish rule had extended as far east as Karelia (Karjala), with colonization by Swedes in the southwest and along the Gulf of Bothnia.
		In the nearly two decades of peace following the settlement of disputes with Sweden (over the Åland Islands) and the former USSR (East Karelia) there were noteworthy economic and social advances.
		Despite its neutral pro-Scandinavianism in the 1930s and support for the collective security provisions of the League of Nations, the country was unavoidably entangled in the worsening relations between the great powers.
	www.nationsencyclopedia.com /Europe/Finland-HISTORY.html (1628 words)

	Russia Region In - Karelia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Its length from north to south is 660 kilometers, from west to east at the latitude of the town, Kem', its width is 424 kilometers.
		Karelia borders Finland in the West, Leningrad and Vologda districts in the South, and the Murmansk and Archangelsk districts in the East.
		Collections of labyrinths and seids have been discovered in Karelia in the Kuzova Archipelago in the White Sea, along the sea route from Kem' to Solovetsky, the Solovetsky Archipelago itself, the the mountains of Kivakka and Nuoronen in the area of Paanajarvi and near Vottovaara mountain in Muezersky region.
	members.aol.com /imershein/Page6g.html (4319 words)

	Finland, Stalin and Germany in the 1930s — Virtual Finland
		An attempt in 1922 to bring the East Karelian issue before the League of Nations or the International Court of Justice in The Hague had foundered because the Soviet Union had not been a member of the League of Nations.
		Now, when it was about to become one, public opinion in Finland demanded that the Ingria and East Karelia issue be reappraised according to the norms of the international organization which it was about to join.
		The purpose of this basically absurd propaganda was to label Finland the aggressor and thus to damage its creditworthiness and reputation in the Nordic countries and the rest of Europe.
	virtual.finland.fi /finfo/english/before.html (3969 words)

	Continuation War - Occupation of East Karelia
		Continuation War - Occupation of East Karelia is one of the topics in focus at Global Oneness.
		Although East Karelia has never been part of Finland, a majority of its inhabitants were Finnic people; and cultural ties, trade, and cross-border marriages were common before World War I and Finnish independence.
		Indicative of this is that the majority of poems in the Kalevala were collected from the backwaters of East Karelia where Swedish and Slavic influences have been lowest.
	www.experiencefestival.com /continuation_war_-_occupation_of_east_karelia (1341 words)

	Eastern Front (Down in Flames Expansion)
		In the first part of the plan, the modern submarines under the PNSPR were to fan out in the Baltic Sea and sink as much German shipping as they could.
		The true nature and skill of the Polish pilots even in machines that were behind the Germans in almost every way is truly amazing to think they even held out as long as they did.
		What is not possible is to simulate the Soviets invasion from the east so that will have to be done in a second campaign in the future.
	www.battlefront.com /products/eastern_front/campaigns.html (2972 words)

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