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	Workers Socialist Federation
		The Workers Socialist Federation was a socialist political party in the United Kingdom, led by Sylvia Pankhurst.
		It originated as the East London Federation of the Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU, better known as the Suffragettes).
		The East London Federation was founded by Sylvia Pankhurset in 1913, and differed from its parent organisation in being democratic and including men, such as George Lansbury.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/workers_socialist_federation (739 words)

	East End history, London history, End End of London, Sylvia Pankhurst, Suffragettes, Women's Suffrage, George Bernard ...
		Sylvia was ejected from the movement, and now concentrated her efforts on the Bow-based East London Federation of the Suffragettes and its paper the Woman’s Dreadnought.
		London - or London England if you prefer - is one of the most culturally and historically exciting places on the planet.
		You'll certainly have heard of Jack the Ripper and the Whitechapel murders, may have romantic images of a fog-shrouded Victorian London, have heard some cockney rhyming slang and be familiar with the famous red London buses.
	www.eastlondonhistory.com /sylvia%20pankhurst%20book.htm (1060 words)

	Sylvia Pankhurst - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Sylvia set up the East London Federation of Suffragettes (ELFS), which over the years evolved politically and changed its name accordingly, first to Women's Suffrage Federation and then to the Workers' Socialist Federation.
		She responded to the Italian invasion of Ethiopia by renaming the Workers Dreadnought as The New Times and Ethiopia News in 1936, and became a supporter of Haile Selassie.
		She died in 1960, and was buried in front of Trinity Cathedral in Addis Ababa.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sylvia_Pankhurst (536 words)

	Sylvia Pankhurst - Suffragette and class fighter
		At this time Sylvia's main desire was to paint, and perhaps it was a tour of Northern towns in 1907, painting the working class at home and at work, that brought home to her the exploitation in industry, agriculture and, through bad housing conditions, the lack of sanitation.
		These links did not go unnoticed by the suffragettes around Christabel who stressed the independence of the WSPU from all men's parties and led to the final break between the East London Federation of the WSPU and the WSPU itself in January 1914, and the formation of the East London Federation of Suffragettes (ELFS).
		One argument used by Christabel against the East London Federation was that it had a democratic constitution and relied too heavily on working class women - she argued, in effect, that the fight for women's votes shouldn't apply within the WSPU itself!
	www.marxist.com /women/sylvia_pankhurst.html (1295 words)

	About Sylvia Pankhurst
		This group, the East London Federation of Suffragettes, was composed of working class women who campaigned for the vote and for social change in the period 1912-1920.
		Sylvia’s strategy, which linked class and gender, did nt find favour with the most famous of the suffragette organisations, the Women’s Social and Political Union (WSPU), to which she belonged and to which the East London Federation was affiliated.
		The WSPU (popularly known as the Suffragettes) was founded in 1903 and led by Emmeline and Christabel Pankhurst, Sylvia’s mother and older sister respectively.
	www.gn.apc.org /sylviapankhurst/sylvia.htm (677 words)

	Encyclopedia: Workers' Socialist Federation
		It originated as the East London Federation of the Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU, better known as the %20%20%20%20%20%20Suffragette%20with%20banner%2C%20Washington%20DC%2C%201918%20%20%20The%20title%20of%20suffragette%20was%20given%20to%20members%20of%20the%20women%5Cs%20suffrage%20movement%20in%20the%20United%20Kingdom%20and%20United%20States%2C%20particularly%20in%20the%20years%20prior%20to%20World%20War%20I.%20...
		The East London Federation was founded by Sylvia Pankhurst in %20%20%201913%20is%20a%20%20%20common%20year%20starting%20on%20Wednesday.%20(...
		Russian Revolution and renamed itself again, this time as the Workers' Socialist Federation.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Workers%27-Socialist-Federation (629 words)

	BBC - Mark Steel Lectures
		She attempted to forge a link between the women’s movement and the labour movement and in doing so was unafraid to tackle the vexed question of the relationship between class and gender, and between feminism and socialism.
		The East London Federation of Suffragettes, was composed of working class women who campaigned for the vote and for social change in the period 1912-1920.
		Mary Davis is Professor of Labour History at London Metropolitan University where she heads the Centre for Trade Union Studies and is the Deputy Director of the Working Lives Research Institute.
	www.open2.net /marksteel/pankhurst_expert.html (683 words)

	Women
		Militant Suffragettes announced a truce regarding violent action to allow the Liberal Party time to announce some sort of acceptable policy regarding female suffrage.
		Sylvia Pankhurst, who had not supported her sister Christabel’s approach, founded the East London Federation of Suffragettes.
		Suffragettes suspend all actions to support the war effort.
	www.historylearningsite.co.uk /women_landmark.htm (268 words)

	Tony Cliff: Class Struggle and Women's Liberation (7. Women's movements in England)
		In London in the early 1890s the dockers’ union was forced out of the docks [15], and its membership went from 100,000 in 1889 down to 56,000 in 1890, 22,913 in 1892 and 10,000 in 1896.
		This was reckoned to be a particular disadvantage to the working-class voter, especially in London, because it was common for a man to have to move in order to be near his place of work at a time when the cost of public transport was a serious burden.
		A. Shliapnikov, On the Eve of 1917 (London 1982), pp.206-8.
	www.marxists.de /gender/cliff/07-england.htm (9754 words)

	Sylvia Pankhurst
		(Estelle) Sylvia Pankhurst (1882 - 1960) was a campaigner in the suffragette movement.
		She was born in Manchester, a daughter of Dr.
		Sylvia went on to work with the Workers' Socialist Federation[?] and the East London Federation of Suffragettes[?] (ELFS).
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/sy/Sylvia_Pankhurst.html (122 words)

	NAV13Intro (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		The Treaty of London signed on May 30, 1913, ended the first Balkan War, and settled the frontier line between the Balkan States and Turkey, but left conflicting claims among the Balkan countries unsettled.
		But the major historical process during this period is the drift toward a war that ultimately interrupted all the other movement--votes for women, improved conditions for labor, and Home Rule for Ireland all being muddled and delayed by the Liberal government that was also muddling toward war, trying at every stage to conciliate Germany.
		In April the "Cat and Mouse Act" was enacted by Parliament, which allowed for the discharge of imprisoned suffragettes who lives were endangered by hunger strikes, and their re-arrest when they were healthy again.
	www.modjourn.brown.edu /mjp/NAVall/nav13/NAV13Int.htm (1822 words)

	Tony Cliff: Class Struggle and Women's Liberation (8. France's sad story)
		National federations of trade unions hardly existed until the end of the nineteenth century, and were correspondingly poor and weak.
		The organisation of women by the German SPD was spurred on by the challenge of bourgeois feminists, whose organisations boasted hundreds of thousands of adherents.
		In Britain too, the suffragettes could mobilise hundreds of thousands in demonstrations.
	www.marxists.de /gender/cliff/08-france.htm (1917 words)

	Was it the suffragette's campaign before the war which won women the vote in 1918?
		Below is a short sample of the essay "Was it the suffragette's campaign before the war which won women the vote in 1918?".
		Each time that the suffragettes increased their militancy the government responded either through arrests or legislation until a stalemate was reached in 1913.
		Nevertheless shortly afterwards in June 1914 the Prime Minister, Asquith held a meeting with the East London Federation of Suffragettes (ELFS), a working class branch of the WSPU organised by Sylvia Pankhurst and conveyed the distinct impression that he had changed his views towards votes for women.
	www.coursework.info /i/71596.html (330 words)

	1900
		A London tailor, called Symonds, proposed a solution, which was a detachable skirt to be worn over the breeches while climbing the slopes.
		Their extreme militancy reached its crescendo when, on Derby Day 1913 Emily Wilding Davison, threw herself under the King's horse and was killed: a funeral procession of 6,000 accompanied her coffin through the streets of London.
		With increasing numbers of suffragette prisoners going on hunger strike and with the Government's policy of forced feeding acquiring notoriety, the Government responded with the cruel "Cat and Mouse Act (Prisoners Temporary Discharge for Ill Health Act), which allowed suffragettes to be temporarily discharged to recover their health and then re-admitted to prison
	web.ukonline.co.uk /m.gratton/1911-1920/1912.htm (573 words)

	Suffragette style
		In 1913 she formed her East London Federation--creating a working class base for the WSPU in the east end of London.
		By 1924 she had left the east end of London and in that year the last copy of her paper was produced.
		At one point it was impossible for the authorities to even arrest her because literally hundreds of workers in the east end prevented the police laying a hand on her.
	pubs.socialistreviewindex.org.uk /isj64/elderton.htm (3614 words)

	Workers' Liberty #58 - Women, capitalism and socialism. October 1999.
		She argued that "votes for ladies" was not a "first step" to enfranchising all women, but a "final step" to enfranchising the whole of the capitalist class and thus would strengthen the power of the exploiting class over the exploited.
		But the suffragettes were fiercely attacked, physically, verbally, and with the full force of the law.
		Police attacks on the East End marches were so regular and so severe that campaigners held drill training and set up a "People's Army" to defend themselves.
	archive.workersliberty.org /wlmags/wl58/women1.htm (5629 words)

	BBC Radio 4 - Woman's Hour Timeline - 1910 - 1919 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		Sylvia Pankhurst (1882-1960) establishes her East London Federation of Suffragettes, predominantly for working class women in the East End.
		The suffragette Emily Wilding Davison (1872-1913) is killed by the King's horse at the Epsom Derby.
		On 10 March, the suffragette Mary Richardson enters the National Gallery and slashes the Rokeby Venus.
	www.bbc.co.uk /radio4/womanshour/timeline/1910.shtml (965 words)

	Books
		Sylvia Pankhurst, one of the daughters of the famous suffragette leader Mrs (Emily) Pankhurst, will have done at least one thing for modern feminists: drawn their attention to the complexity of the votes issue before 1914.
		However, not all suffragettes were in the WSPU and not all of those in the WSPU favoured this policy aim, Sylvia Pankhurst among them.
		Her branch became the independent East London Federation of Suffragettes (ELFS) which pursued a different strategy, of including working class women and demanding universal suffrage.
	www.worldsocialism.com /spgb/nov99/booknov.html (751 words)

	Outline and assess the contributions made by the NUWSS and the WSPU to the achievement of votes for women in 1918.
		By now the Prime Minister, Herbert Asquith, was very hostile to the demands of the suffragettes and the NUWSS also felt that the militant actions of the WSPU were damaging to the cause.
		It is very difficult to assess the contributions of these two organisations as separate entities as they had a common goal, votes for women, which they both fought equally hard for in their own ways.
		I feel that the actions of the two organisations combined, (along with a number of other organisations such as the East London Federation of Suffragettes, who fought for women's rights throughout the war), were instrumental in getting the vote for women.
	www.coursework.info /i/2708.html (725 words)

	Sylvia Pankhurst - Wikipedia
		(Estelle) Sylvia Pankhurst (5 de maio de 1882 - 27 septembre de 1960) esseva un socialista-feminista in le campania del movimento suffragette.
		Sylvia establiva le East London Federation of Suffragettes (ELFS), lo qual durante le annos evolveva politicamente e cambiava su nomine appropriatemente, primo a Womens Suffrage Federation e depois al de: Workers' Socialist Federation.
		Le gruppo brevemente adoptava le nomine de Communist Party, British Section of the Third International, ma lassava ille titulo in favor de unir se con altere gruppos communista pro formar le CPGB (Partito Communista de Grande Britannia).
	ia.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sylvia_Pankhurst (340 words)

	Workers' Dreadnought - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Provisionally titled Workers' Mate, the newspaper first appeared on International Women's Day, March 8, 1914, as Women's Dreadnought, with a circulation of 30,000.
		The paper was started by Mary Patterson, Zelie Emerson, and Sylvia Pankhurst (after she had been expelled from the Suffragette movement by her mother and sister) on behalf of the East London Federation of Suffragettes.
		In 1917 the name was changed to Workers' Dreadnought, which initially had a circulation of 10,000.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Workers_Dreadnought (122 words)

	Workers' Liberty #58 - Sylvia Pankhurst: an organiser for working class women. October 1999.
		With a guaranteed circulation of 20,000 Sylvia and the East London Federation of Suffragettes (ELFS) had a tremendous vehicle for a dialogue with broad layers of working women and, as time passed, working men.
		Sylvia had moved to the East End two years earlier in 1912, convinced of the need for "the creation of a women's movement in that great abyss of poverty (that) would be a call and a rallying cry to the rise of similar movements in all parts of the country".
		The movement she built in the East End was according to Sylvia "not merely for votes but towards an egalitarian society - an effort to awaken the women submerged in poverty to struggle for better social conditions and bring them into line with the most advanced sections of the movement of the awakened proletariat".
	archive.workersliberty.org /wlmags/wl58/sylvia.htm (2659 words)

	Workers Socialist Federation - Definition up Erdmond.Com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		In early 1914, they renamed themselves the East London Federation of Suffragettes (ELFS) and launched a newspaper, the ''Women's_Dreadnought''.
		The WSF supported the 1916_Irish_Rising and became a leading proponent of improved social_welfare while continuing agitation for a universal franchise.
		It was the first British party to affiliate to the Third_International and lead campaigns against the British government's anti-Bolshevik activities with the slogan "Hands off Russia".
	www.erdmond.com /Workers_Socialist_Federation.html (648 words)

	BBC - Radio4 Womanshour -Sylvia Pankhurst
		Sylvia Pankhurst was an accomplished artist who used her skills to compliment the suffragette cause.
		She came into conflict with Christabel about the aims and methods of WSPU and in 1912, her East London Federation of Suffragettes became a breakaway group.
		Like her mother and sister, she was imprisoned many times but her strong pacifist views meant that whereas Emmeline and Christabel threw themselves into the war effort in 1914, Sylvia campaigned passionately against the war.
	www.bbc.co.uk /radio4/womanshour/timeline/sylvia_pankhurst.shtml (153 words)

	The Sylvia Pankhurst Memorial Committee
		She was a socialist feminist who, during the campaign for women's suffrage at the turn of the century, not only braved the horrors of hunger striking and forced feeding, but founded and built a remarkable women's organisation in the east end of London.
		The group, the East London Federation of Suffragettes, was composed of working-class women.
		Her commitment to improving the economic and social conditions of the poor, which she saw starkly in her work in the east end of London, emphasised the importance of sending MPs who were representative of workers into Parliament.
	www.gn.apc.org /sylviapankhurst (2624 words)

	BBC - Mark Steel Lectures
		Her organisation changed its name to the Workers’ Suffrage Federation (later the Workers’ Socialist Federation, WSF) and the Women’s Dreadnought was renamed the Workers’ Dreadnought.
		She was still committed to the women’s cause, but what had begun as a single issue campaign for women’s suffrage was transformed into a struggle to end exploitation not only for working class women, but for all workers.
		The general election of 1929 witnessed, much to Sylvia’s embarrassment, the strange paradox of her mother, Emmeline, standing (unsuccessfully) as a Conservative candidate for Whitechapel, the heartland of the old East London Federation of Suffragettes!
	www.open2.net /marksteel/pankhurst_expert2.html (616 words)

	AIM25: Women's Library: Papers of Mary Leigh
		She was brought before a magistrate in February 1913 for breaking the terms of her licence but no charges were brought on this occasion.
		Subsequently, Leigh became involved with the East London Federation of the WSPU under Sylvia Pankhurst and continued with it after its official break with the main group in February 1914 and during World War One when it adopted an anti-war stance.
		She did, however, attempt to take part in war work but was rejected until she adopted her maiden name, whereupon she trained as an ambulance driver with the RAC.
	www.aim25.ac.uk /cats/65/6770.htm (456 words)

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