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	Proto-Semitic Language and Culture. The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition. 2000
		The Appendix of Semitic Roots (Appendix II) that follows this essay is designed to allow the reader to trace English words derived from Semitic languages back to their fundamental components in Proto-Semitic, the parent language of all ancient and modern Semitic languages.
		Central Semitic is further subdivided into the South Arabian inscriptional languages; classical, medieval, and modern forms of Arabic; and the Northwest Semitic languages, which include Hebrew and Aramaic.
		A distinctive characteristic of the Semitic languages is the formation of words by the combination of a “root” of consonants in a fixed order, usually three, and a “pattern” of vowels and, sometimes, affixes before and after the root.
	www.bartleby.com /61/10.html (3655 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: East Gurage languages
		Semitic languages were among the earliest to attain a written form, with Akkadian writing beginning in the middle of the third millennium BC.
		Proto-Semitic is the hypothetical proto-language of the Semitic languages.
		The Geez language (or Giiz language) is an ancient language that developed in the Ethiopian Highlands of the Horn of Africa as the language of the peasantry.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/East-Gurage-languages (207 words)

	JewishEncyclopedia.com - SEMITIC LANGUAGES:
		The Semitic languages betray their relationship one to another not only by similarity of articulation and grammatical foundation, but by identity of roots and word-forms; while the Hamitic languages reveal their kinship merely by a similarity in morphology and of the forms of their roots, less often in the material of the roots (comp.
		It is characteristic of all the Semitic languages that the peculiarities of the gutturals, the weakness of "w" and "y," and the tendency of a vowelless "n" to assimilate with the following letter, create "weak" or irregular verbs and cause anomalous noun-forms.
		The chief distinguishing characteristic of the Canaanitish languages is the construction known as "waw consecutive," in which a peculiarly vocalized conjunction connecting two verbs in a narrative enables a discourse begun in the imperfect state to be continued in the perfect, and vice versa.
	www.jewishencyclopedia.com /view.jsp?artid=466&letter=S (3938 words)

	Semitic.eu
		A number of Gurage languages are to be found in the mountainous center-south of Ethiopia, while Harari is restricted to the city of Harar.
		Ethiopic-derived languages use a completely different root (--f) for the verb "to write" (this root exists in Arabic and is used to form words with close meaning to "writing", such as ṣaḥāfa "journalism", and ṣaḥīfa "newspaper" or "parchment").
		The traditional grouping of the Semitic languages (prior to the 1970s), based partly on non-linguistic data, differs in several respects; in particular, Arabic was put in South Semitic, and Eblaite had not been discovered yet.
	www.semitic.eu (2319 words)

	Semitic Languages - MSN Encarta
		Of the Semitic languages, Arabic was carried beyond its original home in the Arabian Peninsula and spread throughout the Arabian Empire and is spoken across North Africa to the Atlantic coast, and Arabic and Hebrew are used by Muslims and Jews in other parts of the world.
		The other Semitic languages are centered in a region bounded on the west by Ethiopia and on the north by Syria and extending southeast through Iraq and the Arab Peninsula, with some “islands” of Semitic speech farther east in Iran.
		In Semitic languages, related consonants typically fall into three subtypes: voiced, unvoiced, and emphatic; an example is the series transliterated g,k, and q from Arabic and Hebrew (the q is pronounced farther back in the throat than k).
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761569639/Semitic_Languages.html (576 words)

	Semitic Languages - MSN Encarta
		Semitic Languages, one of the seven subfamilies or branches of the Afro-Asiatic or Hamito-Semitic language family.
		Of the Semitic languages, Arabic was carried beyond its original home in the Arab Peninsula throughout the Arab Empire and is spoken across North Africa to the Atlantic coast, and Arabic and Hebrew are used by Muslims and Jews in other parts of the world.
		The other Semitic languages are centred in a region bounded on the west by Ethiopia and on the north by Syria and extending south-east through Iraq and the Arab Peninsula, with some “islands” of Semitic speech farther east in Iran.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761569639/Semitic_Languages.html (682 words)

	Semitic languages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Semitic languages were among the earliest to attain a written form, with Akkadian writing beginning in the middle of the third millennium BC.
		Semitic daughter languages spread outwards from its heartland in the Arabian Peninsula and the southern Levant.
		All Semitic languages exhibit a unique pattern of stems consisting of "triliteral" or consonantal roots (normally consisting of three consonants), from which nouns, adjectives, and verbs are formed by inserting vowels with, potentially, prefixes, suffixes, or infixes (consonants inserted within the original root).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Semitic_languages (2259 words)

	Semitic Languages - LoveToKnow 1911 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		After scholars had given up the notion (which, however, was not the fruit of scientific research) that all Semitic languages, and indeed all the languages in the world, were descendants of Hebrew or of Aramaic, it was long the fashion to maintain that Arabic bore a close resemblance to the primitive Semitic language.
		In the East even small communities, especially if they form a religious body, often cling persistently to their mother-tongue, though they may be surrounded by a population of alien speech; and such was probably the case with the Jews in Babylonia.
		This language lived on, in a sense, through the whole of the middle ages, owing chiefly to the fact that it was intended for educated persons in general and not only for the learned, whereas the poetical schools strove to preserve exactly the grammar and the lexicon of the long extinct language of the Bedouins.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Semitic_Languages (18295 words)

	Semitic Languages Branch of the Afro-Asiatic Language Family
		Semitic languages constitute the most populous branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family, the only branch of this family spoken in the Middle East.
		The term "Semitic" is thought to have come from Shem, one of the three sons of Noah (Gen. x:21-30), who is regarded in biblical literature as the ancestor of the Semites.
		Akkadian is an extinct Semitic language that was spoken in Mesopotamia from the 3rd to the 1st millennium BC.
	www.nvtc.gov /lotw/months/august/SemiticLanguages.html (1238 words)

	Semitic - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		As language studies are interwoven with cultural studies, the term also came to describe the extended cultures and ethnicities, as well as the history of these varied peoples as associated by close geographic and linguistic distribution.
		Wildly successful as second languages far beyond their numbers of contemporary first-language speakers, a few Semitic languages today are the base of the sacred literature of some of the world's great religions, including Islam (Arabic), Judaism (Hebrew and Aramaic), and Orthodox Christianity (Aramaic and Ge'ez).
		Semitic languages today are also spoken in Malta (where an Italian-influenced dialect of North African Arabic is spoken) and on the island of Socotra in the Indian Ocean between Yemen and Somalia, where a dying vestige of South Arabian is spoken in the form of Soqotri.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Semitic (1253 words)

	African Languages - ninemsn Encarta
		Languages of the Berber branch of the Afro-Asiatic family are spoken by a substantial portion of the population in Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia; by scattered groups elsewhere in North Africa; and along the southern fringes of the Sahara Desert in western Africa.
		The Nubian alphabet was derived from that of the Coptic language.
		Languages spoken farther to the south-east, including Maasai in Kenya, have long been called Nilo-Hamitic; recent investigations, however, appear to prove that these tongues have no direct relationship to languages of the Afro-Asiatic family, but are most closely related to the Nilotic languages.
	au.encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761565449/African_Languages.html (1277 words)

	Behind the Name: Languages Referenced by this Site
		A Semitic language that was spoken in the ancient kingdom of Mesopotamia.
		The Semitic language that was formerly spoken in Ethiopia.
		The Gaelic language of the Celts of Ireland.
	surnames.behindthename.com /languages.php (1157 words)

	Semitic Languages (and the Phoenician language)
		Ancient languages spoken by non-Arab population of these many Middle Easter countries continue to survive in the dialects/languages of everyday life and the roots of the older languages of the Phoenician, Aramaic, Syriac, Assyrian, Coptic...etc. are still evident.
		Ancient languages spoken by non-Arab population of these countries continue to survive in the dialects/languages of everyday life and the roots of the older languages of the Phoenician, Aramaic, Syriac, Assyrian, Coptic...etc. are still evident.
		It diverged from the South Arabian languages around the beginning of the Christian era, reaching its greatest extension in the 4th century AD, when it was spoken especially in the kingdom of Aksum on either side of the present-day border of Ethiopia and Eritrea.
	phoenicia.org /semlang.html (0 words)

	Languages & Writing Systems - Crystalinks
		Language is a system of conventional spoken or written symbols by means of which human beings, as members of a social group and participants in its culture, communicate.
		The languages of North Asia are those spoken from the Arctic Ocean on the north to South Asia and China on the south and from the Caspian Sea and Ural Mountains in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east.
		In East Asia the languages spoken are largely Chinese languages (or dialects) in China, Japanese in Japan, and Korean in Korea, though the Altaic group is represented in China by Uighur, a Turkic language, and Manchu, a Manchu-Tungus language.
	www.crystalinks.com /languages.html (2691 words)

	Semitic languages - Facts, Information, and Encyclopedia Reference article
		Since Semitic is a member of Afro-Asiatic, a principally African family, the first speakers of proto-Semitic are generally believed to have arrived in the Middle East from Africa, although this question is still much debated.
		By the end of the millennium, East Semitic languages dominated in Mesopotamia, while West Semitic languages were probably spoken from Syria to Yemen, although data is sparse.
		Nonetheless, one typologically unusual feature is preserved almost everywhere: all Semitic languages exhibit a pattern of stems consisting of consonantal roots (usually consisting of 3 consonants), from which words are formed by imposing vowel changes, prefixes, suffixes, or infixes.
	www.startsurfing.com /encyclopedia/s/e/m/Semitic_languages.html (1533 words)

	Semitic languages (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Semitic languages were among the earliest to attain a written form, with Akkadian writing beginning in the middle of the third millennium BC.
		Since Semitic is a member of Afro-Asiatic, a principally African family, the first speakers of proto-Semitic are generally believed to have arrived in the Middle East from Africa, although this question is still much debated.
		By the end of the millennium, East Semitic languages dominated in Mesopotamia, while West Semitic languages were probably spoken from Syria to Yemen, although data is sparse.
	www.punweb.com /article/Semitic_languages (1497 words)

	The Classification Of The Semitic Languages
		The Central Semitic Languages are the Canaanite languages, and Aramaic, Ugaritic, Amorite, and Arabic.
		The Canaanite (or Canaanitish) languages are Ammonite, Moabite, Edomite, Phoenician and Hebrew.
		Syriac is the liturgical language of the Syriac Orthodox Church (Jacobites, Monophysites), Syrian Catholic Church (Melkites, Maronites), Assyrian Church of the East (Assyrian Orthodox Church, Nestorians).
	www.useless-knowledge.com /1234/may/article038.html (569 words)

	Semitic Languages (and the Phoenician language)
		Ancient languages spoken by non-Arab population of these many Middle Easter countries continue to survive in the dialects/languages of everyday life and the roots of the older languages of the Phoenician, Aramaic, Syriac, Assyrian, Coptic...etc. are still evident.
		Ancient languages spoken by non-Arab population of these countries continue to survive in the dialects/languages of everyday life and the roots of the older languages of the Phoenician, Aramaic, Syriac, Assyrian, Coptic...etc. are still evident.
		It diverged from the South Arabian languages around the beginning of the Christian era, reaching its greatest extension in the 4th century AD, when it was spoken especially in the kingdom of Aksum on either side of the present-day border of Ethiopia and Eritrea.
	www.phoenicia.org /semlang.html (2749 words)

	EAST SEMITIC LANGUAGES : Encyclopedia Entry
		The East Semitic group is attested by two distinct languages, Akkadian and Eblaite, both of which have been long extinct.
		Historically, it is believed that this linguistic situation came about as speakers of East Semitic languages wandered further east, settling in Mesopotamia during the third millennium BCE, as attested by Akkadian texts from this period.
		However, the exact phonological make-up of the languages is inexact, and the absence of features may have been the result of the inadequacies of Sumerian orthography to describe the sounds of Semitic languages rather than their real absence.
	www.bibleocean.com /OmniDefinition/East_Semitic_languages (296 words)

	Semitic languages
		Language group that includes the languages Arabic, Hebrew in the Middle East region.
		Semitic languages are characterized by roots of 3 consonants, from which a large body of verbs and nouns can be derived.
		Semitic writings are divided into 3 groups: The cuneiform signs of Assyria and Babylonia, and secondly the alphabet of the North Semitic.
	lexicorient.com /e.o/semit_l.htm (164 words)

	FREE sms spoofing GATE. Semitic languages
		By the beginning of the 2nd millennium BC, East Semitic languages dominated in Mesopotamia, while West Semitic languages were probably spoken from Syria to Yemen, although Old South Arabian is considered by most to be South Semitic and data are sparse.
		Modern Ethiopian Semitic languages are SOV, possessor–possessed, and adjective–noun, probably due to Cushitic influence; however, the oldest attested Ethiopian Semitic language, Ge'ez, was VSO, possessed–possessor, and noun–adjective[4].
		All Semitic languages exhibit a unique pattern of stems consisting of "triliteral" or consonantal roots (normally consisting of three consonants), from which nouns, adjectives, and verbs are formed by inserting vowels with, potentially, prefixes, suffixes, or infixes.
	www.smsq.pl /wiki.php?title=Semitic_languages (2982 words)

	Semitic
		As language studies are interwoven with cultural studies, the term also came to describe the extended cultures and ethnicities, as well as the history of these varied peoples as associated by close geographic and linguistic distribution.
		Wildly successful as second languages far beyond their numbers of contemporary first-language speakers, a few Semitic languages today are the base of the sacred literature of some of the world's great religions, including Islam (Arabic), Judaism (Hebrew and Aramaic), and Orthodox Christianity (Aramaic and Ge'ez).
		Semitic languages today are also spoken in Malta (where an Italian-influenced dialect of North African Arabic is spoken) and on the island of Socotra in the Indian Ocean between Yemen and Somalia, where a dying vestige of South Arabian is spoken in the form of Soqotri.
	articles.gourt.com /en/Semitic (0 words)

	LoLA: Preliminary List of Languages and Linguistic Groups in Los Angeles (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The following languages of Los Angeles are enumerated according to their places in the genealogical classification that is used simply as an accepted system of reference.
		Some languages with a limited number of speakers and/or not described by previous investigators are not identified individually, but are put together with an indication of a general linguistic group as a common label.
		The mixture of languages and the elements of the Korean-English pidgin.
	www.humnet.ucla.edu /languagesofla/lolalangs.htm (2000 words)

	HLW: Appendices: Languages Cited
		At first it was not the first language of anybody, but with the growth of cities and marriage between speakers of different first languages, it soon became a language learned by children as a first language.
		Eskimo languages are spoken in a large, sparsely populated region extending from the far eastern end of Siberia in Russia, across Alaska and northern Canada to Greenland.
		As in other sign languages, there is a strong tendency for signs in ASL to be iconic, that is, to be motivated by their meanings rather than completely arbitrary.
	www.indiana.edu /~hlw/Appendices/languages.html (3946 words)

	Codicil
		If a character is in conversation with someone who speaks a language in the same language family as one the PC is proficient in, but not the exact language of the PC, conversation is possible with a successful Intelligence check by the PC (DC 13).
		The most glaring inaccuracy is the classification of “Canaanite” languages as a family distinct from the Semitic languages.
		Languages grouped in table 2 in the “Isolates” column are languages featured in Testament that are not closely related to other Testament languages and should not be eligible for cross-conversation as described in the Testament rule quoted above.
	www.heardworld.com /codicil/play/languages.htm (1038 words)

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