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Topic: Eastern Rumelia

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	Rumelia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Rumelia (or Roumelia) (in Turkish Rumeli, the East Roman or Byzantine Empire), a name commonly used, from the 15th century onwards, to denote the part of the Balkan Peninsula subject to the Ottoman Empire.
		Eastern Rumelia was constituted an autonomous province of the Ottoman Empire by the Treaty of Berlin, 1878, but on September 18, 1885, after a bloodless revolution, it was united with Bulgaria.
		In 1382 the capital of Rumelia was moved to Sofia.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Rumelia (285 words)

	RUMELIA. The Columbia Encyclopedia: Sixth Edition. 2000 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		Historically, Rumelia denoted the Balkan possessions (particularly Thrace and Macedonia) of the Ottoman Empire.
		Sofia was the seat of the governors of Rumelia until 1878.
		Resentment at the partition of Bulgaria sparked a revolution at Plovdiv in 1885, and Prince Alexander of Bulgaria annexed Eastern Rumelia, thus incurring the wrath of Russia and Serbia.
	www.bartleby.com /aol/65/ru/Rumelia.html (199 words)

	Middle East Open Encyclopedia: Eastern Rumelia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		Eastern Rumelia or Eastern Roumelia (Bulgarian: Източна Румелия Iztochna Rumelija; Ottoman Turkish: Rumeli-i Sarki; Modern Turkish: Sarki Rumeli, Greek Ανατολική Ρωμυλία) was an autonomous province in the Ottoman Empire from 1878 to 1885 (nominally to 1908).
		The artificial name Eastern Rumelia was given to the province on the insistence of the British delegates to the Congress of Berlin.
		According to the Treaty of Berlin Eastern Rumelia was to remain under the political and military jurisdiction of the Ottoman Empire with significant administrative autonomy (Article 13).
	www.baghdadmuseum.org /ref/index.php?title=Eastern_Rumelia (681 words)

	BULGARIA - LoveToKnow Article on BULGARIA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		The walnut and chestnut are mainly confined to eastern Rumelia.
		The cultivation of maize is increasing in the Danubian and eastern districts.
		The union with Eastern Rumelia in 1885 entailed liability for the obligations of that province consisting of an annual tribute to Turkey of 2,951,000 fr.
	28.1911encyclopedia.org /B/BU/BULGARIA.htm (19741 words)

	Rumelia: Free Encyclopedia Articles at Questia.com Online Library (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		Historically, Rumelia denoted the Balkan possessions (particularly Thrace and Macedonia, and excluding Bosnia) of the Ottoman Empire.
		The Oriental Railroad Company...within the Ottoman Empire dubbed "Eastern Rumelia." It was ruled by a Christian governor...advantage of a political crisis in the Eastern Rumelian government to bring the union of the two...
		The city passed to Russia in 1877 and became the capital of Eastern Rumelia (1878 85); it was united with Bulgaria in 1885.
	www.questia.com /library/encyclopedia/101268459 (1172 words)

	Search Results for "Rumelia"
		Rumelia, or Roumelia (both: roome´le) (KEY), region of S Bulgaria, between the Balkan and Rhodope mts.
		...Ottoman suzerainty north of the Balkan mountains, a semi-autonomous province of Eastern Rumelia south of the mountains, and Macedonia in the south under direct Ottoman...
		The city passed to Russia in 1877 and became the capital of Eastern Rumelia (1878-85); it was united with Bulgaria in 1885.
	www.bartleby.com /cgi-bin/texis/webinator/sitesearch?FILTER=&query=Rumelia (231 words)

	MSN Encarta - Printer-friendly - Bulgaria
		The Russians were compelled to withdraw from Bulgaria in 972, and the eastern part of the country was annexed to the Byzantine Empire.
		Eastern Rumelia revolted against the Ottoman Empire in 1885 and was united with Bulgaria.
		Bulgaria declared war on Greece and Yugoslavia in April, shortly afterward occupying all of Yugoslav Macedonia, Grecian Thrace, eastern Greek Macedonia, and the Greek districts of Florina and Kastoría.
	encarta.msn.com /text_761556147___34/Bulgaria.html (3038 words)

	Eastern Rumelia part two (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		This, by far, is the rarest of the four types of Eastern Roumelia overprints, and although it is mentioned in the Zumstein and Michel catalogs, it is unlisted by Scott, Minkus, or Gibbons.
		The ink used by the Eastern Roumelian authorities was darker and slightly thicker than that used at Constantinople, and the letters of the R O overprints are evenly but not thickly inked.
		For the Eastern Roumelia overprints - as indicated in the foreword to the present article - this paper cannot serve as a certain guide to the reliable identification of genuine copies.
	www.tughranet.f2s.com /stamps/collclub/woodpt2.htm (2560 words)

	Slivnitza (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		Eastern Rumelia between the Balkan and Rhodope mountains gained semi-autonomous status with an Ottoman appointed Christian governor.
		In addition the first line of the Eastern Rumelia militia had been mobilised consisting of 12 infantry battalions, 2 squadrons of cavalry and 4 guns.
		During the war the second ban of the Eastern Rumelia militia was mobilised (12 battalions) along with the Bulgarian second ban (8 battalions) and as many as 20 volunteer battalions, 3 Macedonian battalions and some 6000 Muslim volunteers.
	members.aol.com /balkandave/slivniza.htm (1258 words)

	bulg
		Eastern Rumelia, in Thrace, was made an autonomous province, with an Orthodox governor, under the rule of the Turkish Sultan.
		On September 18, 1885 a coup d'etat in the disputed Ottoman province of Eastern Rumelia led to war between Serbia and Bulgaria.
		The Eastern Rumelian allies of Bulgaria's Liberal government, with the approval of Prince Alexander, staged a bloodless coup and declared the unification of the two entities.
	www.carbinesforcollectors.com /bulg.htm (4520 words)

	Bulgars Eastern: Free Encyclopedia Articles at Questia.com Online Library (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		The Slovenes filled the valleys of the Eastern Alps, establishing themselves in the modern Austrian provinces...century Wallachia was occupied by a Mongol tribe called the Bulgars.
		...1810-1853 (Sofia: Bulgarski khudozhnik, 1957...By the mid-1870s Eastern Orthodoxy was the...might lure the Bulgars of Eastern Rumelia to unite...medieval empire of the Bulgars.
		The Eastern Europeans havent managed a goal against...during the Seventies Clemence shut out the Bulgars and Seaman managed the same in a friendly...afraid to deliver a swift kick in the Bulgars if Englands glory hunters fail in Sofia...
	www.questia.com /library/encyclopedia/bulgars_eastern.jsp (1389 words)

	WHKMLA : History of Eastern Rumelia, 1879-1885
		In 1878 the BERLIN CONGRESS established EASTERN RUMELIA, actually the fertile Maritsa valley, as a separate and autonomous administrative region of 35,208 square km.
		Eastern Rumelia or Roumelie Orientale was administrated by a Christian governor appointed by the Sultan.
		After the foirmation of the autonomous region of Eastern Rumelia, a part of the Muslim population emigrated into the Ottoman Empire proper.
	www.zum.de /whkmla/region/balkans/erumelia18791885.html (352 words)

	Eastern Rumelia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		After Turkey's defeat by Russia in 1877-78, at Berlin Peace Conference Eastern Rumelia was given autonomy.
		The Bulgarians in Rumelia revolted against Turkish rule and in 1885, a coup overthrew the vestiges of Turkish control and South Bulgaria was established.
		Eastern Rumelia was issuing stamps from 1880 till annexation.
	www.cybamall.com /philaworld/gallery1/BG/east_rom.htm (158 words)

	History of BULGARIA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		However there is also a strong Bulgarian movement for real independence, both in the principality and in the Turkish province of Eastern Rumelia.
		Alexander is to be governor general of Eastern Rumelia.
		Greece and Serbia are independent, Bulgaria and Eastern Rumelia are autonomous, Bosnia and Hercegovina are administered by Austria-Hungary.
	www.historyworld.net /wrldhis/PlainTextHistories.asp?groupid=949&HistoryID=aa96 (1379 words)

	Eastern Rumelia - TheBestLinks.com - Ottoman Empire, Postage stamp, September, September 10, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		Eastern Rumelia - TheBestLinks.com - Ottoman Empire, Postage stamp, September, September 10,...
		Eastern Rumelia, Ottoman Empire, Postage stamp, September, September 10, 1885...
		Eastern Rumelia was a province of the Ottoman Empire that achieved a semi-autonomous status in 1878 and revolted against Turkish rule on the 6 September 1885, and united with the Principality of Bulgaria soon thereafter.
	www.thebestlinks.com /Eastern_Rumelia.html (239 words)

	WHKMLA : History of Rumelia, 1879-1912
		The name Rumelia was largely applied to the Ottoman possessions in Europe, for the most part in Ottoman possession since the 14th respectively 15th century.
		In 1878 the Berlin Congress established Bulgaria and Eastern Rumelia as separate and autonomous administrative regions.
		The remainder of Rumelia - Albania, Kosovo, Macedonia and Western Thrace - was administratively reorganized in the Provinces (Vilayets) of Edirne, Salonica and Monastir.
	www.zum.de /whkmla/region/balkans/rumelia18791912.html (820 words)

	Eunuchs in Europe in 19 C (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		This is a unique document, certifying the existence of eunuchs in the Ottoman empire, outside of Constantinople at the end of the 19 c.
		It is a proposition for a provincial bill in the autonomous province of Eastern Rumelia from October, 1880.
		Slavery is forever prohibited on all the territories of Eastern Rumelia.
	www.eunuch.org /Alpha/E/ea_44351eunuchs_.htm (339 words)

	Rumelia -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Apart from eastern Rumelia, no further territories were lost until 1908 (Ottoman authority in Tunisia, occupied by France in 1881, and Egypt, occupied by Britain in 1882, was already insignificant).
		It was part of the Eastern Roman Empire from the late 4th century until 809, when it was...
		Turkish (or Eastern) Thrace reaches north to the Rhodope Mountains and south to the Aegean Sea and the Sea of Marmara.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9064407?source=RSSOTD (458 words)

	Thrace - All About Turkey
		In 1878, Northern Thrace was made into the province of Eastern Rumelia; after the annexation (1885) of Eastern Rumelia by Bulgaria (which had gained independence in 1878), the political meaning of the term Thrace became restricted to its southernmost part, which was still in Turkish hands.
		The terms Eastern Thrace and Western Thrace were used for the territories east and west of the Maritsa (Meriç) River.
		By the Treaty of Sèvres (1920) Greece also obtained most of Eastern Thrace except the zone of the Straits (Bosphorus and Dardanelles) and Constantinople (Istanbul); the treaty, however, was superseded by the Treaty of Lausanne (1923), which restored to Turkey all Thrace East of the Maritsa (Meriç) river.
	www.allaboutturkey.com /trakya.htm (798 words)

	FOREIGN POLICY [1897-1922]
		In the period under examination the Hellenism of Thrace and Eastern Rumelia has been given blows in a systematic way both by Bulgarians and the Young Turks after 1908.
		On the basis of this convention, the end of the presence of the Hellenism in Eastern Rumelia has become definite.
		During the First World War and the pretext of "military security" of the Turkish cities a large part of the population of eastern Thrace, as was the case with the population of western Asia Minor and Pontos, was deported towards the Asia Minor hinterland.
	www.fhw.gr /chronos/13/en/foreign_policy/choros/07.html (612 words)

	Treaty of Berlin, 1878 - One Language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		The Treaty of Berlin was the final Act of the Congress of Berlin (June 13-July 13, 1878), by which the United Kingdom, Austria-Hungary, France, Germany, Italy, Russia and Turkey revised the Treaty of San Stefano signed on March 3 of the same year.
		The treaty recognised the complete independence of the principalities of Romania, Serbia and Montenegro and the autonomy of Bulgaria, though the latter remained under formal Ottoman overlordship and was divided between the two principalities of Bulgaria proper and Eastern Rumelia, undoing Russian plans for an independent "big Bulgaria".
		The Ottoman province of Bosnia-Herzegovina as well as the former Sanjak of Novi Pazar were placed under Austro-Hungarian occupation, though formally still a part of the Ottoman Empire.
	www.onelang.com /encyclopedia/index.php/Treaty_of_Berlin,_1878 (219 words)

	Sandafayre Stamp Auctions \| Stamp Atlas \| Bulgaria
		The area south of the new territory, Eastern Rumelia, was granted a semi-autonomous administration, both regions remaining under Turkish suzerainty.
		In 1885 there was a popular revolt in Rumelia in favour of union with Bulgaria and the name of the province was changed to Southern Bulgaria.
		It acted in support of its Turkish allies in eastern Thrace and, after the defeat of Serbia, acted as the holding force in the Salonica area.
	www.sandafayre.com /atlas/bulgari.htm (755 words)

	Carl Savich \| Columns \| serbianna.com
		In 1885, a war between Serbia and Bulgaria was fought when Bulgaria occupied and annexed Eastern Rumelia, or southern Bulgaria, which contained the second largest Bulgarian city of Plovdiv.
		Herbert Gibbons noted that “the very heart of the Eastern Question” was “the rivalry of races in Macedonia.” The Great Powers “played a game against each other, endeavoring always to use the Balkan states as pawns in their sordid strife.” What was unique about the First Balkan War was that the tables were now turned.
		Ottoman troops were deployed in the 1st Thracian or Eastern Army led by Abdullah Pasha and the 2nd Macedonian or Western Army led by Ali Risa Pasha.
	www.serbianna.com /columns/savich/053.html (8914 words)

	DILEMMAS AND ORIENTATIONS OF GREEK POLICY IN MACEDONIA: 1878-1886
		The period between 1878 and 1886, covers the critical years from the Congress of Berlin to the annexation of Eastern Rumelia by Bulgaria, when Greek policy on the Macedonian Question was undergoing a general reappraisal.
		Only in 1885, when the Bulgarians proclaimed the union of Eastern Rumelia with the Bulgarian Principality, did the Greek and Serbian governments sought to come to an understanding for an alliance and a settlement in Macedonia.
		Although internal difficulties and pressures from other regions of the Ottoman Empire mounted, it was evident that the Macedonian Question was assuming a pivotal role in the Eastern Question and, indeed, in the process for the liberation and unification of Greeks in one national state.
	www.gate.net /~mango/Kofos1.html (2791 words)

	First World War.com - Primary Documents - Three Emperors League, 18 June 1881
		The three Powers agree in regarding the eventuality of an occupation either of Eastern Rumelia or of the Balkans as full of perils for the general peace.
		In case this should occur, they will employ their efforts to dissuade the Porte from such an enterprise, it being well understood that Bulgaria and Eastern Rumelia on their part are to abstain from provoking the Porte by attacks emanating from their territories against the other provinces of the Ottoman Empire.
		The three Powers will not oppose the eventual reunion of Bulgaria and Eastern Rumelia within the territorial limits assigned to them by the Treaty of Berlin, if this question should come up by the force of circumstances.
	www.firstworldwar.com /source/threeemperorsleague.htm (772 words)

	Eastern Rumelia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		Eastern Rumelia was a province of the Ottoman Empire that achieved a semi-autonomous status in 1878 and revolted against Turkish rule in 1885 adopting the name South Bulgaria and uniting with Bulgaria in 1886.
		I feel that the Lamsa translation is the most authoritative on the "holy bible".
		If you want to learn about "Middle Eastern" cultu...
	www.freeglossary.com /Eastern_Rumelia (613 words)

	Serbo-Bulgarian War 1885 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		Eastern Rumelia between the Balkan and Rhodope mountains
		During the war the second ban of the Eastern Rumelia militia
		In response Alexander had to move his army from Eastern Rumelia to Sofia by all means available including the one limited railway
	members.aol.com /bogdanovaslava/1885War.html (962 words)

	HighBeam Research: Library Search: Results (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		tolerating Bulgaria's absorption of Eastern Rumelia in 1885 and arguing that the Empire's...
		September 6, 1885, when the Kingdom of Bulgaria and Eastern Rumelia were declared to be unified.
		East and South East of Anatolia, and the other was Rumelia, especially western Rumelia, that is the provinces of Manastir, Yanya and Iskodra...
	www.highbeam.com /library/search.asp?FN=SS&search_newspapers=on&search_magazines=on&q=Rumelia&refid=ency_botnm (582 words)

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