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Topic: Eastern Sudanic

	Ethnologue: Sudan
		Northern Sudan, Dar Fur Province, Dar Masalit and Nyala District, scattered colonies in Dar Fongoro and to the south and east, and Gedaref region; Geneina, Mistere, and Habila Kajangise.
		Southern Sudan, Torit District, eastern Equatoria Province, east and southeast of the Luluba and the Lokoya.
		Northern Sudan, hills south of the Nuba Hills on Jebel Tulishi south of Katla, on Jebel Kamdang north of Lagowa, south of Tulishi.
	www.christusrex.org /www1/pater/ethno/Suda.html (6636 words)

	Ethnologue report for Sudan
		Southern Sudan, between Wau and Tambura; villages of Raffili, Tirga, Bazia, Ayo, Gitten, Taban in Bahr-el-Ghazal; villages of Komai, Nagero, Bangazegino, and Tambura in W. Equatoria.
		[kcm] 200 to 2,000 in Sudan (1987 SIL).
		Northern Sudan, hills on the western edge of the Nuba Hills on Jebel Tulishi south of Katla, on Jebel Kamdang north of Lagowa, south of Tulishi.
	www.ethnologue.com /show_country.asp?name=Sudan (4938 words)

	Eastern Sudanic languages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Eastern Sudanic languages form a family of languages spoken from southern Egypt to northern Tanzania, usually considered a subfamily of Nilo-Saharan, following Joseph Greenberg.
		Nubian (and possibly Meroitic) gives Eastern Sudanic some of the earliest written attestations of an African language; however, its largest branch by far is Nilotic, spread by extensive and comparatively recent conquests throughout East Africa.
		Before the spread of Nilotic, Eastern Sudanic was centered in present-day Sudan (although the name refers to the region of Sudan, not the country, as opposed to Central Sudanic.)
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Eastern_Sudanic_languages (183 words)

	Muhammad Jalal Hashim: Islamization and Arabization of Africans as a Means to Political Power in the Sudan
		This is because the parameters of centralization are embedded in the marginalization of the Arabized Sudan to the Arabs proper.
		Sudan TV made live interviews with people in the streets of Khartoum to show to the world that they were really mercenaries and foreigners from the public’s point of view.
		The South is a pluralistic chromosome of Sudan, and Sudan is a pluralistic chromosome of Africa.
	mjhashim.blogspot.com /2006/07/islamization-and-arabization-of.html (10933 words)

	Sudanic - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Dinka, indigenous people of the Republic of Sudan in Africa, one of the largest indigenous groups in the south of the country.
		During the period of the great Sudanic empires, the lives of ordinary farmers, pastoralists, and fishers remained virtually unchanged.
		Sudanic Africa is an international academic journal devoted to the presentation and discussion of historical sources on the Sudanic belt, the area between the Sahara and the Bay of Niger, the Atlantic...
	uk.encarta.msn.com /Sudanic.html (189 words)

	Ethnologue report for ISO 639 code: ssa
		Classification: Nilo-Saharan, Eastern Sudanic, Nilotic, Eastern, Lotuxo-Teso, Lotuxo-Maa, Lotuxo.
		Classification: Nilo-Saharan, Eastern Sudanic, Nilotic, Eastern, Lotuxo-Teso, Teso-Turkana, Turkana.
		Classification: Nilo-Saharan, Eastern Sudanic, Nilotic, Eastern, Lotuxo-Teso, Teso-Turkana, Teso.
	www.ethnologue.com /show_iso639.asp?code=ssa (2647 words)

	Anuak Justice Council, Anuak History
		In the past the Sudan government had remained aloof from the volatile events along the Ethiopian frontier because of the expense of administering the wild territory between the Sobat and Lake Rudolf, but administrative expense could no longer obscure the fact that the Anuak were estimated to have over 10,000 guns.
		Sudan salt was in such demand in western Ethiopia that the Ethiopian government imposed a heavy tax upon it, which C. Walker and the merchants successfully forced to be rescinded to previous levels.
		The loss to the Sudan government in customs revenue alone was estimated at E£6,000 per year, not to mention the loss to Sudan steamers for hauling charges and the disruption of trade by the removal of an important commodity used in exchange for coffee.
	www.anuakjustice.org /doc_history_to_1956.htm (13897 words)

	Ethnologue report for Uganda
		Eastern border area slightly north of Mbale, Sebei Province.
		Nakasongola (east) is influenced by Ganda, and in Kuyanoongo (west) by Nyoro.
		Lexical similarity 79% between Eastern and Western Ruli, 71% with Nyoro (closest), 70% between Eastern Ruli and Ganda.
	www.ethnologue.com /show_country.asp?name=Uganda (1389 words)

	Ethnologue: Uganda
		Nilo-Saharan, Eastern Sudanic, Nilotic, Western, Luo, Southern, Adhola.
		Nilo-Saharan, Eastern Sudanic, Nilotic, Western, Luo, Southern, Luo-Acholi, Alur-Acholi, Alur.
		Karamoja District of eastern Uganda on Mt. Moroto on Kenya border.
	www.christusrex.org /www1/pater/ethno/Ugan.html (2477 words)

	Encyclopædia Britannica Australia -
		any of a group of Eastern Christian churches that trace their origins to various ancient national or ethnic Christian bodies in the East but have established union (hence Eastern rite churches were in the past often called Uniates) or canonical...
		Not merely a geographic term, the Eastern Seaboard is, historically, the part of the United States that was...
		town, seat of Talbot county, eastern Maryland, U.S. It is situated in the tidewater region along the eastern shore of Chesapeake Bay, near the head of Tred Avon River (estuary).
	www.britannica.com.au /britannica_browse/e/e4.html (1433 words)

	African languages - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-23)
		Benue-Congo includes the huge Bantu group of hundreds of tongues found throughout central and S Africa (see Bantu languages), as well as such non-Bantu languages as Tiv, Jukun, and Efik, which are spoken in Nigeria and Cameroon.
		The Eastern Sudanic subdivision of Chari-Nile itself has ten branches, the two most important of which are Nubian and Nilotic, both found in Sudan.
		The Central Sudanic subdivision of Chari-Nile consists of a number of languages, among them Mangbetu, spoken in Congo (Kinshasa), and Efe, used by the pygmies.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-africanlng.html (1565 words)

	Cultural Groups of the Southern Sudan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-23)
		Numbering about 820,000 in the late 20th century, they speak a Western Nilotic language of the Eastern Sudanic subbranch of the Chari-Nile branch of the Nilo-Saharan family and are culturally and historically related to their neighbours the Lango.
		Burun is an Eastern Sudanic Nilo-Saharan language and there are a number of dialects and cultural sections.
		The Dinka are the largest language group of southern Sudan, living over a large area mostly to the west of the Nile where they graze their cattle on the floodplains.
	southernsudan.prm.ox.ac.uk /cultural_group.php (384 words)

	Sudan - Non-Muslim Peoples
		In the 1990s, most of Sudan's diverse non-Muslim peoples lived in southern Sudan, but a number of small groups resided in the hilly areas south of the Blue Nile on or near the border with Ethiopia.
		The largest of these groups were the Azande, who comprised 7 to 8 percent of the population of southern Sudan and were the dominant group in western Al Istiwai.
		The other groups in southwestern Sudan spoke languages of the central branch of Nilo-Saharan and were scattered from the western Bahr al Ghazal (the Kreish) to central Al Istiwai (the Moru and the Avukaya) to eastern Al Istiwai (the Madi).
	countrystudies.us /sudan/39.htm (1561 words)

	African languages. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Benue-Congo includes the huge Bantu group of hundreds of tongues found throughout central and S Africa (see Bantu languages), as well as such non-Bantu languages as Tiv, Jukun, and Efik, which are spoken in Nigeria and Cameroon.
		The Eastern Sudanic subdivision of Chari-Nile itself has ten branches, the two most important of which are Nubian and Nilotic, both found in Sudan.
		The Central Sudanic subdivision of Chari-Nile consists of a number of languages, among them Mangbetu, spoken in Congo (Kinshasa), and Efe, used by the pygmies.
	www.bartleby.com /65/af/Africanlng.html (1428 words)

	LINGUIST List 5.1490: Comparative syntax
		KARAMOJONG belongs to the East branch of the Nilotic branch of East Sudanic.
		W was, of course, not influential in his beliefs about East Sudanic anyway, as t he Nilo-Hamitic hypothesis was the more influential theory, given the ritual fa scination of European civilisation with its debt to Ancient Egypt and the Near East, until G came along.
		W w as, of course, not influential in his beliefs about East Sudanic anyway, as the Nilo-Hamitic hypothesis was the more influential theory, given the ritual fasc ination of European civilisation with its debt to Ancient Egypt and the Near Ea st, until G came along.
	www.ling.ed.ac.uk /linguist/issues/5/5-1490.html (1594 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-23)
		Classification: Nilo-Saharan, Eastern Sudanic, Nilotic, Southern, Kalenjin, Elgon.
		Classification: Nilo-Saharan, Eastern Sudanic, Nilotic, Southern, Kalenjin, Pokot.
		SOO [TEU] 5,000 (1972 Ladefoged et al.) Karamoja District of eastern Uganda on Mt. Moroto on Kenya border.
	www.tldsb.on.ca /schools/BracebridgePS/elective/Wardroper/life6.htm (1100 words)

	Sudanese and Sufi history
		The main areas of specialisation are the pre-co lonial history of Sudanic Africa (especially the area of the modern Sudan Republic), religious, especially Sufism, and literary history.
		A Journal of Historical Sources, is produced from the Centre of Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies; the editorial board comprises, Hunwick, O'Fahey, Vikør and Professor Jay Spaulding (Kean College of New Je rsey).
		Michel Hoebink: The idelogical dimension to the North/South conflict in the Sudan (O'Fahey)
	www.uib.no /hi/sudan.html (2524 words)

	Central Sudanic languages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Central Sudanic is a grouping of about thirty languages of the Nilo-Saharan language family.
		Central Sudanic languages are spoken in the Central African Republic, Chad, Sudan, Uganda, and Congo (DRC).
		Eastern Central Sudanic languages (not to be confused with Eastern Sudanic languages) include such languages as Lendu, Mangbetu, and Lugbara.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Central_Sudanic_languages (196 words)

	\|\|The Cradle of Nubian Civilisation\|\|
		For the Sudan in particular, there is the large manu- script collection of R. Stevenson, many of whose grammatical data are included in Tucker and Bryan's (1966) comprehensive volume.
		The three proposed classifications of Sudan languages in existence are based on significantly more data than are Meinhofs and Westermann's: Greenberg (1963); Tucker and Bryan (1966), the latter of which forms the basis of this geographical area for Dalby's (1977) "referential" classifi- cation; and Bender (1976).
		It was written during a sabbatical visit to the Sudan from the New University ofUlsterJ with the gen.erous s~PP9rt of a British Academy research fellowship.
	www.thenubian.net /aspect.php (2947 words)

	TechMission: Sudanese Online Community - Sudan - Lost Boys - Movie - Refugees - News - Music - Diaspora - Southern ...
		Ibrahim was slain in battle in the autumn of 1874, and his uncle Hassab Alla, who sought to maintain the independence of his country, was captured in 1875 by the troops of the khedive, and removed to Cairo with his family.
		Various revolts were suppressed, but in 1879 the British General Gordon (then governor-general of the Sudan) suggested the reinstatement of the ancient royal family.
		Following the overthrow of the Mahdi's successor at Omdurman in 1898, the new (Anglo-Egyptian) Sudan government recognized (1899) Ali Dinar, a grandson of Mohammed-el-Fadhl, as sultan of Darfur, on the payment by that chief of an annual tribute of 500 British Pounds.
	www.techmission.org /sudan/dafur.php (2426 words)

	Zaire - Other Indigenous Languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-23)
		Adamawa-Eastern languages are spoken in the entire northern portion of Zaire, interspersed in the east along the Uele River with Central Sudanic languages.
		In the far northeast (from Lake Albert north) the few Eastern Sudanic languages spoken in Zaire are heard, interspersed with Central Sudanic, AdamawaEastern, and an occasional Bantu language.
		The remaining 20 percent may be divided, in declining numbers of speakers, among people speaking Adamawa-Eastern, Central Sudanic, and Eastern Sudanic languages.
	www.country-data.com /cgi-bin/query/r-15016.html (117 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-23)
		Its member languages extend, however, through 17 nations in the northern half of Africa: from Algeria and Mali in the northwest; to Benin, Nigeria and the Democratic Republic of the Congo in the south; and Egypt to Tanzania in the east (excluding Somalia).
		The largest part of its major subfamilies are found in the modern nation of Sudan, through which the Nile River flows in all its incarnations: the White and Blue Nile, which join to form the main Nile at Khartoum.
		As seen in the hyphenated name (compare map at right), Nilo-Saharan is primarily a family of the African interior, including the greater Nile basin and its tributaries as well as the central Sahara desert.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Nilo-Saharan_languages (859 words)

	Eastern Sudanic languages at AllExperts
		The Eastern Sudanic languages form a family of languages spoken from southern Egypt to northern Tanzania, usually considered a subfamily of Nilo-Saharan, following Joseph Greenberg.
		Nubian (and possibly Meroitic) give Eastern Sudanic the earliest written attestations of any sub-Saharan African language; however, its largest branch by far is Nilotic, spread by extensive and comparatively recent conquests throughout East Africa.
		Before the spread of Nilotic, Eastern Sudanic was centered in present-day Sudan (although the name refers to the region of Sudan, not the country, as opposed to Central Sudanic.)
	en.allexperts.com /e/e/ea/eastern_sudanic_languages.htm (224 words)

	THE LINGUISTIC POSITION OF MEROITIC Claude Rilly, CNRS - LLACAN (France)
		First, the distinction between the Northern and the Southern branches of Eastern Sudanic had to be firmly established.
		For instance, where Proto-North Eastern Sudanic had /g/ in initial position, it became in Meroitic the velar fricative /h/ or /h/: the example displayed in the table below is « meal » or « food », but there are other instances.
		So the correspondences between Meroitic and living North Eastern Sudanic languages can be found not only in lexical items, but also in morphological elements.
	www.arkamani.org /arkamani-library/meroitic/rilly.htm (1529 words)

	\|\|The Cradle of Nubian Civilisation\|\|
		Since there are no indications that the Nuba Mountains were the original home of Eastern Sudanic such distant genetic links are judged to be unconnected with the appearance of those four language groups in the Nuba Mountains.
		Genetic relationships within Eastern Sudanic are too distant - and too uncertain - as to permit any inferences about migration at the time depth with which we are here concerned.
		Note that Stevenson's division into Eastern, Central and Western Kadugli is only in part borne out by this calculation; in particular, his Eastern division consisting of Keiga, Kamdang and Kanga/Kufa appears to be non-coherent.
	www.thenubian.net /settlement.php (2418 words)

	VIEWAFRICA.COM
		One group is southwest of Rumbek, at Wulu, westward along the road to Bahr Gel and south toward the southern border of Lakes Province.
		">[BEX]15,400 (1982 SIL). Southern Sudan, vicinity of Mvolo and on the Naam (Olo) River.
		">[KEG]1,400 (1971 Welmers). Northern Sudan, Nuba Hills, Keiga Jirru west of Debri, and in 6 villages, northeast of Kadugli.
	viewafrica.com /Languages.asp?CCode=SUDAN (4862 words)

	UOD: About Uganda
		Classification: Nilo-Saharan, Eastern Sudanic, Kuliak, Ik Kakwa 86,472 in Uganda (1991 census).
		Classification: Nilo-Saharan, Eastern Sudanic, Kuliak, Ngangea-So Swahili 2,330 in Uganda (2000 WCD).
		Classification: Nilo-Saharan, Eastern Sudanic, Kuliak, Ngangea-So Singa Extinct.
	www.ugandaonlinedirectory.com /uganda.php?id=4 (1360 words)

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