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Topic: Eastern Towhee

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	Eastern Towhee
		The Eastern Towhee is one of the six species of Towhees found in North America.
		The male Eastern Towhee is from 7 to 8.75 inches long, with a wingspan of from 10 to 12.5 inches.
		The Eastern Towhee somewhat resembles a robin, but it is smaller and slimmer, with a distinctive fl head, throat and breast, and a white underside.
	www.wbu.com /chipperwoods/photos/etowhee.htm (534 words)

	Birds, Familiar: Eastern Towhee, Life Histories of North American Birds, A.C. Bent
		The Towhees, because of their short wings, cannot fly at much altitude or stay in the air for a long time; so they travel only by fluttering from hedge to hedge, from bush to bush, and they are never seen at the top of tall trees.
		A female Towhee was perched 14 feet high in the top of a flowering dogwood in an old field; in 5 minutes she sang 15 times, then flew down and fell silent.
		Of 81 towhee nests found during the course of the study, only 4, or slightly less than 5 percent were victimized, each to the extent of 1 egg per nest.
	home.bluemarble.net /~pqn/ch31-40/towhee.html (5896 words)

	Bird Watcher's General Store
		Towhees are often seen under feeders where they have the odd habit of scratching and kicking with both feet at the same time, like some kind of spazzed-out chicken.
		Towhees are usualy heard before they are seen, as they constantly give their loud "chewink" call.
		Towhees also have a very diagnostic song that sounds like "drink your tea-ee-ee-ee." The "drink your tea" song reportedly made the towhee the favorite bird of early British settlers.
	www.birdwatchersgeneralstore.com /rufous.htm (605 words)

	Eastern Towhee Species Account - Florida Breeding Bird Atlas (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Eastern Towhee is a common bird of open woodlands and roadside edges throughout most of Florida.
		Eastern Towhees inhabit a variety of habitats and require only that dense thickets are present.
		Towhees are a common breeding species throughout the mainland, but they are absent from the Keys.
	www.wildflorida.org /bba/RSTO.htm (380 words)

	All About Birds
		The Eastern Towhee has red eyes across most of its range, but the towhees in Florida and extreme southern Georgia have pale straw-colored eyes.
		This pattern may reflect the fact that the pale-eyed form, which was isolated when Florida was an island during the Pleistocene era, is now coming back in contact with the red-eyed form of the mainland.
		The Eastern Towhee was considered the same species as the Spotted Towhee until 1995.
	www.birds.cornell.edu /AllAboutBirds/BirdGuide/Eastern_Towhee.html (221 words)

	Spotted Towhee
		In winter the Spotted Towhee seems to be somewhat hardier than the Eastern Towhee, as it withstands lower temperatures.
		The Spotted Towhee further differs from the unspotted Eastern Towhee in that there is no white speculum on the wing; instead, the Spotted Towhee has two white wing bars formed by white tips on the wing coverts.
		The western half of the former Rufous-sided Towhee superspecies is widespread, especially in chaparral and on brushy slopes.
	www.shawcreekbirdsupply.com /spotted_towhee_info.htm (409 words)

	Eastern Towhee Breeding Male - Whatbird.com
		Eastern Towhee Breeding Male: Large sparrow with fl upperparts, hood and upper breast, rufous flanks, and white underparts.
		Eastern Towhee Breeding Male: Breeds from southern Saskatchewan east to Maine and south to California and Florida.
		● Breeding and nesting: Eastern Towhee Breeding Male: Two to six dull white or gray eggs are laid in a cup nest made of sticks, rootlets, grass, bark, and leaves, and lined with soft grass and animal hair.
	identify.whatbird.com /obj/662/_/Eastern_Towhee_Breeding_Male.aspx (645 words)

	Eastern Towhee Range Map (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Eastern Towhee is a common and sometimes secretive denizen of thickets.
		Typical habitat for towhees is undergrowth and the brushy edges of open woods.
		Young jack pines or second-growth oak forests are favored in the Northeast, whereas southern birds seek scrub oak or palmetto.
	www.shawcreekbirdsupply.com /eastern_towhee_map.htm (45 words)

	RonAusting.com Wildlife Photography
		Although the fl and rufous plumage of the male Eastern Towhee is quite distinctive, the bird is more often heard than seen, giving its "Drink your tea" song or the "Chewink" sound that it makes when alarmed.
		The towhee was first named in 1731 by a naturalist and artist Mark Catesby after its "to-whee" call.
		The Eastern Towhee was formerly known as the eastern race of the Rufous-sided Towhee.
	www.seidata.com /~rausting/birds/etowhee.html (411 words)

	Dover Community News Backyard Window: Who's that scratching under the bushes?
		The Eastern Towhee is one of those birds you may hear before you see, not because you hear it singing (although once you’ve heard the song, you’ll never forget it: "drink-your-tea-ee-ee-ee-ee"), but because you hear it scratching in the leaf litter under your bushes.
		If you’re looking up the Eastern Towhee in an older field guide, it will be listed as the "Rufous-sided Towhee." In 1995, the American Ornithological Union (AOU) split the species into two distinct species, the Eastern Towhee (found in the east) and the Spotted Towhee (found in the west).
		The towhee population was helped by forest clearing for farming in the late 19th century.
	www.seacoastonline.com /news/dover/05192006/backyard/103738.htm (775 words)

	eNature: FieldGuides: Species Detail
		Discussion The name "Towhee," an imitation of this bird's call note, was given in 1731 by the naturalist and bird artist Mark Catesby, who encountered it in the Carolinas.
		This species, also known as the Red-eyed Towhee, was recently combined with the western Spotted Towhee as a single species, the Rufous-sided Towhee.
		Towhees often feed on the ground, scratching noisily in the dry leaves.
	www.enature.com /fieldguide/showSpeciesGS.asp?sort=1&curGroupID=99&display=1&area=99&searchText=towhee&curPageNum=4&recnum=BD0315 (219 words)

	Birds
		Male eastern towhees in New England have several different songs in their repertoire, the three sonograms illustrated here all being from the song repertoire of one male.
		The song of the eastern winter wren is extraordinarily complex, consisting of well over 100 tiny notes that this male has learned from other singing males in his neighborhood.
		The songs of the eastern wood-pewee, like the songs of other flycatchers, are inborn, not learned as they are in songbirds like the chickadees, towhees, wrens, sparrows, thrushes, and the like.
	magazine.audubon.org /birdsongs (1468 words)

	Eastern Towhee (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Forty-eight species make up the Emberizidae (Sparrows and Towhees) family, six of which are Towhees: Eastern Towhee, Spotted Towhee, California Towhee, Canyon Towhee, Abert's Towhee and Green-Tailed Towhee.
		Both the Eastern Towhee and its counterpart from the west, the Spotted Towhee, were formerly known as one species called the Rufous-Sided Towhee.
		Most Eastern Towhees have red eyes, but Florida natives have white eyes.
	www.pelicanman.org /html/Songbirds_1_Eastern_Towhee.htm (79 words)

	Eastern Towhee
		The Eastern Towhee is a bird that calls either its name, towhee, or the vernacular expression, chewink.
		The Eastern Towhee prefers the mid stages of plant succession, from field to forest.
		The iris of the eye is bright red in northern birds, orange to orangish white in the Towhees of coastal Georgia and northern Florida, and yellowish white in central Florida birds.
	www.birds.cornell.edu /BOW/EASTOW (377 words)

	SEO - Eastern Painted Bunting
		Some biologists suggest the Eastern painted bunting may actually be a separate "look-alike" species because of differing migration patterns and plumage molts.
		The Eastern painted bunting population is estimated at only 100,000 birds, and South Carolina supports the majority, about 54 percent, or 54,000 birds.
		South Carolina is also unique in that a significant number of buntings in the southern part of the state are found as far inland as the "fall line" between Aiken and Columbia where they are associated with shrubby areas, hedgerows and field edges.
	www.southeasternoutdoors.com /wildlife/birds/articles/eastern-painted-bunting-decline.html (833 words)

	Rufous-Sided Towhee (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In April and May the forest areas of the game land north of Cooper's Pond are filled with the sounds of eastern towhees singing drink-your-tea.
		I don't remember encountering as many rufous-sided (or eastern) towhees last spring, but for 2006 they seemed to be everywhere.
		The rufous-sided towhee is in the greater family of finches, sparrows, and the like.
	www.lookoutnow.com /feeder/towhee01.htm (105 words)

	10,000 Monkeys and a Camera: Friday Creature
		I don't think either name is nearly as cool as their former identity, though, so for me this Eastern Towhee is still and always will be rufous-sided.
		I have also always mis-pronounced the word "towhee" because I never really got that it was onomatopoeic until very recently, when I distinctly heard the birds' call.
		Posted by: chad edwards at February 4, 2006 12:05 PM BTW- I was talking to some people today about eastern towhees- and I forgot to mention that around these parts people often refer to them as "ground robins".
	blog.thorg.com /archives/032847.html (595 words)

	Georgia Wildlife Web Site; birds: Pipilo erythrophthalmus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Eastern Towhee occurs in most of the eastern United States during the breeding season and occurs all year in the southern three-fourths of the East.
		The Eastern Towhee is a frequent host for the Brown-headed Cowbird, which lays its eggs in other birds' nests.
		The Spotted Towhee occurs in western parts of the United States, and has white spots on the upper parts of its body and white wing bars.
	museum.nhm.uga.edu /gawildlife/birds/passeriformes/perythrophthalmus.html (495 words)

	Towhee
		The Spotted Towhee and the Eastern Towhee were formerly considered separate races of the same species, the Rufous-Sided Towhee (a name which is no longer used).
		The two are very similar, but differ in range, as the Spotted Towhee is mostly a western U.S. bird while the Eastern Towhee is an eastern U.S. bird.
		The Eastern Towhee also lacks the Spotted Towhee's white spots on its back and wings.
	www.maryalice462001.com /Towhee.html (103 words)

	Birding & Wildlife Trail: Virginia Is For Lovers
		Eastern Shore of Virginia National Wildlife Refuge is one of the premier birding and wildlife sites on the Eastern Shore!
		Fairystone State Park offers sightings of ruby-throated hummingbird, woodpeckers, eastern wood-pewee, eastern phoebe, white-breasted nuthatch, Carolina wren, blue-gray gnatcatcher as well as wood thrush, gray catbird, brown thrasher, three species of vireo, numerous warbler species, scarlet tanager, eastern towhee and red-winged flbird.
		White-tailed deer, gray squirrel, and eastern chipmunk are common to this park.
	www.virginia.org /site/features.asp?FeatureID=213 (941 words)

	Wild Republic presents Audubon Birds with real bird calls (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		This secretive bird is found across the eastern half of the United States.
		Its western counterpart, the Spotted Towhee, is similar in appearance.
		The towhee feeds on a variety of insects, fruits, seeds and small salamanders.
	www.wildrepublic.com /pages/audubon/backyard/easterntowhee.asp (105 words)

	Towhee
		Follow the rustling sound and you may find a towhee hopping backwards through the leaves, raking them up as it looks for seeds.
		There are several kinds of towhee including the eastern towhee and the rufous-sided towhee.
		The towhee builds its nest on or near the ground.
	www.ndi4all.org /grade45/Towhee-c.html (65 words)

	Rufous-sided Towhee (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		This bird was formerly known as the Spotted Towhee in the west, because in both sexes the wings are spotted with white and have two white wing bars.
		The Eastern Towhee's song sounds like drink-your-tea-ee-ee-ee-ee coming at the end of a long trill; call note, a rising chewink.
		This little plush Towhee is made by Wild Republic and is a part of their Audubon Bird Series.
	www.jeannieshouse.com /aviary/towhee/rufous_sided_towhee.html (231 words)

	Ben Burtt's Bird Column
		The Spring migration is underway and the towhee is one of the 17 new species that should be arriving from the south during the next two weeks.
		The sides of the towhee are reddish, and of the same color as the breast of a robin.
		In addition to its song, the towhee has a two-part call and it is loud and clear.
	web.syr.edu /~bpburtt/Birds/Apr03-05.htm (1493 words)

	THE OTTER SIDE - Longspur/Towhee/Old World Bunting/New and Old World Sparrow/etc. Images
		This Canyon Towhee was photographed on the grounds of the Sonoran Desert Museum in Tucson, Arizona.
		The Eastern Towhee (formerly known as the eastern race of the Rufous-sided Towhee) breeds throughout most of the eastern US and the far southeast of Canada.
		This female Eastern Towhee (formerly known as the eastern race of the Rufous-sided Towhee) was photographed along the edge of a trail at the Sandy Hook unit of the Gateway National Recreation Area in New Jersey.
	www.otterside.com /htmfiles/sparrow13.htm (435 words)

	Eastern Towhee - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Eastern Towhee, Pipilo erythrophthalmus, is a large sparrow.
		The taxonomy of the towhees has been under debate in recent decades, and formerly this bird and the Spotted Towhee were considered a single species, the Rufous-sided Towhee, sometimes called a chewink.
		Males have a dark head, upper body and tail; these parts are brown in the female.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Eastern_Towhee (208 words)

	eNature: Articles: Detail
		Originally the Eastern Towhee and the Spotted Towhee were considered distinct species.
		More recently, though, opinion has swung back, and current field guides again recognize the Eastern Towhee in the East and the Spotted Towhee in the West.
		But take comfort in the knowledge that no matter where you live or what you call it, the beautiful fl, white, and red towhee scuffling in the leaf litter is as fascinating to watch as ever.
	www.enature.com /articles/detail.asp?storyID=383 (611 words)

	[No title]
		The Towhee is distinctive in both appearance and call.
		The Eastern Towhee resides year-round in the eastern states, but is shy and difficult to see.
		A close relative is the Spotted Towhee that lives in the western U.S. These two species were once thought to be one, but it was discovered that they do not overlap or interbreed.
	www.jeremiahstokely.com /towhee.htm (346 words)

	Brian S. Nelson
		Eastern towhees (Pipilo erythrophthalmus), for example, use at least one association to estimate how 'loudly' a distant bird has vocalized.
		Nevertheless, towhees rarely misjudge distance when sound frequencies above ~3.5 kHz in vocalizations are varied in amplitude.
		Nelson BS (2004) "Dynamics of frequency and amplitude modulations in vocalizations produced by eastern towhees, Pipilo erythrophthalmus" Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 115:1333-1344 [PDF] JASA
	homepage.mac.com /bsnelson/home.html (815 words)

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