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Topic: Eastern Wei Dynasty

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	Eastern Wei Dynasty -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		They were followers of (The teaching of Buddha that life is permeated with suffering caused by desire, that suffering ceases when desire ceases, and that enlightenment obtained through right conduct and wisdom and meditation releases one from desire and suffering and rebirth) Buddhism.
		The Buddhist art of the Eastern Wei displays a combination of (additional info and facts about Greco-Buddhist) Greco-Buddhist influences from (additional info and facts about Gandhara) Gandhara and (additional info and facts about Central Asia) Central Asia (representations of flying figures holding wreaths, Greek-style folds of the drapery), together with Chinese artistic influences.
		They were followed by the (additional info and facts about Northern Qi Dynasty) Northern Qi Dynasty.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/e/ea/eastern_wei_dynasty.htm (121 words)

	Encyclopedia: History of China
		It was the first dynasty to embrace the philosophy of Confucianism, which became the ideological underpinning of all regimes until the end of imperial China.
		The unification is the second shortest dynasty in the history of China after Qin Dynasty, and during this time, millions laboured on the Grand Canal of China (å¤§éæ²³), still the longest canal in the world to date.
		The Qing Dynasty (æ¸æ, 1644â“1911) was founded after the defeat of the Ming, the last Han Chinese dynasty, by the Manchus (æ»¿æ—), formerly known as the Jurchen, who invaded from the north in the late seventeenth century.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/History-of-China (10539 words)

	420-479. 2001. The Encyclopedia of World History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		During these years of Chinese dynasties who had been forced south by invasions from the north, much of south China became Sinified, as the northerners brought with them their institutions and religious practices.
		The feudal society of the northern and southern dynasties formed around these families; it was effectively the way society girded itself to cope with tremendous turbulence caused by mass migrations and continual incursions.
		In sculpture, the Northern Wei began to cut cave temples at the Yungang grottoes in northern Shanxi near Datong; after Luoyang became the Northern Wei capital in 495, new caves were cut at nearby Longmen as well.
	www.bartleby.com /67/158.html (1386 words)

	Eastern Zhou Period
		In its early days, the Western Zhou Dynasty (The 11th century BC to 711 BC) was sufficiently powerful to be able to control the vassal states.
		When Qin Xiaogong was in power, Shangyang, an aristocratic descendant of the Wei kingdom, was entrusted by the monarch to carry out a series of reforms in 359 BC and 350 BC to strengthen the power of Qin.
		Shangyang an aristocratic descendant of the kingdom Wei, was a representative of this school.
	www.warriortours.com /intro/history/zhou/eastern.htm (1758 words)

	Liang Dynasty
		This expansion of the economy continued and was consolidated in the long reign of the Emperor Wu of the Liang dynasty (502-49), who surrounded himself with able advisers in the persons of Shen Yueh (441-513), known especially for his works on phonbetics, and Hsu Mien (466-535), the author of political works.
		The first half of the sixth century was an epoch of prosperity and peace, the golden age of aristocratic civilation of the southern dynasties.
		During the course of the disturbances which ensured until his death in 552, the Western Wei launched a series of victorious offensives against the Liang empire from the valley of the Wei in Shensi.
	www.angelfire.com /co/leong/history2.html (595 words)

	Northern Wei Dynasty
		The Northern Wei Dynasty (北魏 386-534) is most noted for the unification of northern China in 440, it was also heavily involved in funding the arts and many antiques and art works from this period have survived.
		In 493 AD the dynasty moved its capital from Datong to Luoyang and started the construction of the artificial Longmen Caves.
		It is thought the dynasty originated from the Tuoba clan of the non-Han Xianbei tribe.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/northern_wei_dynasty (278 words)

	Cloudband Magazine : BUDDHIST SCULPTURES FROM QINGZHOU, SHANDONG PROVINCE, CHINA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		These range in date from the Northern Wei (386-534) to the Northern Song dynasties (960-1127), with the majority of the hoard (95%) dating to the period of the Northern dynasties (386-581).
		Appearing on the stelae around the beginning of the Eastern Wei dynasty (534-550), she argues that the newly established rulers used this powerful imagery as a symbol of heaven's sanction of their rule.
		In the Eastern Wei, different styles of collar pendants may be seen in addition to beautiful yingluo (strings of gems like corn cobs) that fall in two strands and join at the waist in a bi disc.
	www.cloudband.com /magazine/articles1q01/exh_binks_sculpture_0101.html (1352 words)

	Chinese Dynasties
		Beginning with the Qin Dynasty, the common characteristic of Chinese rule is that there was one primary leader of China, the head of the Dynasty.
		It was common for a Chinese Dynasty to follow a basic pattern: begin with a very powerful leader taking over a weakened country; develop over several generations to a highly successful and vital civilization; and then degrade to the point that an opponent could take over.
		To help further elucidate the nature of a Dynasty, details of the Qing Dynasty, China's last, are presented in a separate table, showing each of the Emperors, and depicting some events that took place during their reign that influenced the future development of China.
	www.itmonline.org /arts/dynasties.htm (1544 words)

	Era of Disunity - (AD 220 to 618 -- 399 Years)
		Finally, in 220 the son of Tao Tao seized the throne and established the Wei Dynasty (220-265).
		The Shu Dynasty (221-263) was established in the southwestern China, and the Wu Dynasty (222-280) in the southeast.
		None of the non-Chinese dynasties were able to extend their control over the entire North China plain until 420, when the Northern Wei Dynasty did so.
	www.paulnoll.com /China/Dynasty/dynasty-disunity.html (523 words)

	East Turkestan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Eastern Turkestan, also known as Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region is artificially divided into 5 autonomous districts and 38 national rural districts.
		Eastern Turkestan is represented in the UNPO through the Eastern Turkestan National Congress.
		After this invasion, Eastern Turkestan was given the name Xinjiang which means "new territory" or "New Dominion" and in 1884 it was annexed into the territory of the Manchu empire.
	www.unpo.org /member.php?arg=21 (2449 words)

	The Epoch Times \| Divine Discovery: Qingzhou Buddhas Delight and Inspire
		They were created during a 50-year period that spanned the Northern Wei (386-534), Eastern Wei (534-550) and the Northern Qi (550-557) dynasties.
		This particular seated Buddha was carved during the Northern Qi dynasty.
		The figures on a late Eastern Wei Triad With Mandorla are intricately carved with elegant facial features and ornately decorated robes.
	english.epochtimes.com /news/4-7-31/22662.html (711 words)

	wu-wei -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Situated at the eastern end of the Kansu Corridor (through which the Silk Road ran southeast to northwest) to the north of the provincial capital, Lan-chou, Wu-wei became an important defensive area under the Han dynasty (206 BC–AD 220).
		The first half-century began with the domination of the Three Kingdoms: Wei under the Ts'ao family in the north, Shu Han under Liu Pei in the southwest, and Wu under Sun Ch'üan in the southeast.
		Wei Jingsheng spent most of his adult life in Chinese prisons and labor camps because of his pro-democracy writings.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9077605 (665 words)

	Diplomacy & commercial relationship - SN dynasties - China History Forum, online chinese history forum
		In both northern and southern dynasties, the selection of envoys was a weighty decision.
		The arrival of an envoy of the (Southern) Liang Dynasty in Ye Cheng, capital of Eastern Wei, caused a sensation among the nobles and officials.
		Eastern Wei Dynasty - (东魏), AD 534-550, one of two successor states to Northern Wei, established by Yuan ShanJian (元善见) under kingmaker Gao Huan (高欢).
	www.chinahistoryforum.com /index.php?showtopic=2139 (991 words)

	Han Dynasty
		Millions of peasants had died during the uprisings against Wang Mang’s rule and many vassal states were destroyed leading the way to a very popular redistribution of land for the peasants and a release from debt from their vassal lords.
		During the first Han dynasty, the ruler was always seen as the pivot of cosmic harmony, but disillusionment about the weakness of their rulers and the influence of the power hungry court eunuchs led scholars, officials, wealthy landowners and even vassal state clans to conspire against the Han court.
		Unity was restored briefly in the early years of the Jin dynasty (A.D. 265-420), but the Jin could not long contain the invasions of the nomadic peoples that breached the fractured defenses of the great wall.
	www.thejadetrade.com /ian/p15a.html (1862 words)

	china,emperors,Dynasty,history
		The Han Dynastys expanded the Empire and developed a more complex internal structure of Government.Around this period Buddhism (from India) and Taoism became the main influences along with the thoughts and writing of Confucious.Trade,by the means of overland links were formed with Europe.
		The Han Dynastys saw a popular large rebellion by the people and China`s Empire was split again into three seperate states (kingdoms) each with their own leaders and Dynastys.
		The Manchurian Qing Dynasty (1644-1912) expanded the Empire of China.But eventually,through a popular rebellion,war with Japan and a series of events initiated by complex internal and external infleuences,this Dynasty saw the eventual Opium Wars and occupation of Hong Kong by Britain (1839-42) all of which,in turn,led to the anti western powers Boxer Rebellion (1900).
	www.cartoonbuddy.com /pingpongpen.htm (870 words)

	Chinese Dynasties - Eastern Han Dynasty
		At the end of the Western Han Dynasty (206 BC - 24 AD), Wangmang, a distant relative of the royal family, usurped the throne of the Liu family.
		At the beginning of the Eastern Han, the whole country was in deep poverty.
		In the field of science and culture, Eastern Han exceeded the former Western Han due to the maintained stableness of the society in its early period.
	www.travelchinaguide.com /intro/history/han/eastern.htm (1098 words)

	Eastern Han Dynasty China - History for Kids!
		A man named Wang Mang, who was a nephew of the current Han empress, took the throne from the emperor and called his new dynasty the Hsin Dynasty.
		Because the Han were so strong, they were able to fight off the Huns to their north and west.
		In the last years of the Han Dynasty, the emperors were not so powerful and so there was a lot of fighting for power between the different parts of the government, and between the government and the poor people in the countryside.
	www.historyforkids.org /learn/china/history/easternhan.htm (582 words)

	Decline of the Han Dynasty
		The Han Dynasty's economic recovery begun by Emperor Guang Wu continued under his son, Emperor Ming.
		Shortly after Cao Cao's death in 220 AD, the last puppet emperor of the Han Dynasty officially ceded the throne to Cao Cao's son, who became the heir to an empire and the first ruler of the Wei Dynasty.
		Shu Han in the south, Wu in the west and Wei in the north.
	www.koreanhistoryproject.org /Ket/C02/E0203.htm (3557 words)

	Kingdoms in Spring and Autumn Period of Eastern Zhou Dynasty
		Dynasty Zhou is the first dynasty that was chronicled.
		At the end of Dynasty Western Zhou, politically, something ridiculous happened from time to time, King Zhou You made a fire to tease his leuds, and Dynasty Zhou was destroyed as a result of belle's chuckle.
		This title of Kingoms of Spring and Autoumn Period of Eastern Zhou Dynasty is elaborately collected.
	www.chinesemall.com /kininsprinan.html (208 words)

	Chinese History - Northern Wei event history (www.chinaknowledge.org)
		The southern dynasty of Liang æ¢ saw her chance to reconquer some territories of the north.
		Yuwen Tai thereupon founded the Western Wei empire whose rulers - descendants of the Tuoba house of the now finished Northern Wei - were controlled by himself.
		From 534 on, the empire of the Tuoba was divided into two parts, Eastern Wei and Western Wei.
	www.chinaknowledge.de /History/Division/beiwei-event.html (1400 words)

	Taiyuan, Regent Tour China
		The grottoes were first dug in the Eastern Wei Dynasty and continued to be made in the Northern Qi, Sui and Tang Dynasties.
		There are 27 caves with 8 on the eastern peak, 13 on the western peak, 3 to the northern side and 3 to the southwestern side.
		In the upper story, sits Buddha Meitreya 8 meters high, which is regarded as a masterpiece among the Grotto works of arts.
	www.regenttour.com /chinaplanner/tyn/tyn-sights-tianlongshan.htm (138 words)

	History of the Great Wall of China: Northern and Southern Dynasties
		The dynasties of the Northern Wei, the Eastern Wei, the Western Wei, the Northern Qi, and the Northern Zhou were called the Northern Dynasty (386-581).
		During the short period of reign, the dynasty area was frequently invaded by northern nomadic peoples such as the Rouran, Turkic, and Qidan, and was threatened by Western Wei and Northern Zhou.
		By defeating the Western Wei, the Northern Zhou Dynasty was established in 557.
	www.travelchinaguide.com /china_great_wall/history/northern-and-southern-dynasties (1005 words)

	Columbia Museum of Art: The Collection (Gallery 1: Recent Acquisitions) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The majority of this exquisite gift is from the T'ang dynasty that dates from 618-906 C.E. The T'ang dynasty is considered by most historians to be the high point in Chinese civilization and the golden age of art and literature.
		It was during the T'ang dynasty that the competition of the wares going into a tomb reached such a frenzy that an Imperial decree was issued limiting the number and size of pieces that accompanied a person to his grave.
		Two objects from the collection, Dancing Court Lady from the T'ang Dynasty and painted pottery figure of a Caparisoned Horse from the Eastern Wei Dynasty are on display in the Recent Acquisitions Gallery.
	www.colmusart.org /html/s03collection01ra.shtml (401 words)

	Art History 370/East Asian 355: Supplemental Images
		Tang dynasty: Tomb of Li Shou near Xi'an in Tang imperial tomb district (Shaanxi province), "Wall painting of Horse and Groom", c.
		Liao dynasty: Tomb of woman in Faku county, (Liaoning province), "Rabbits and birds", ink and color on silk, hanging scroll, c.
		Eastern Wei dynasty: Bodhisattva from Longxing Temple, Qingzhou (Shandong province) painted and gilt limestone, c.
	www.wisc.edu /arth/ah370/vb_supp.htm (601 words)

	Wang Wei
		Wang Wei (699-761), one of the three great poets of the earlier Tang Dynasty, was born in Shensi, his father a local official and his mother a member of a distinguished literary family.
		At 16 Wei and a brother were introduced to society in the Tang capital of Chang-an, then the largest city in the world, and at 23 he passed the shin-shih which guaranteed entry into literary and official circles (exams which Du Fu failed and Li Bai never deigned to sit).
		Far more than the mercurial Li Bai or the plain-spoken Du Fu, Wang Wei was a successful official — he amassed several fortunes and gave lavishly to monasteries — but he too was caught up in the 755-9 An Lushan rebellion.
	www.poetry-portal.com /poets36.html (1113 words)

	T'ang Dynasty
		Sui, and are often discussed as the same dynasty.
		Their dynasty lasted from 618-907 A.D. Much of their power was made possible through the canals built by the Sui.
		Her reign is actually a disruption of the T’ang dynasty, as she called her dynasty the Chou.
	www.mnsu.edu /emuseum/prehistory/china/classical_imperial_china/tang.html (1293 words)

	Indian, Chinese, & Japanese Emperors
		The Wei and Wu are replaced by the founder of the Western Tsin [or Chin, Pinyin Jìn], Sima Yan, a general of Wei, who overthrows Wei in 266 and conquers Wu in 280, reunifying the country.
		Chinese historians regarded the Southern Dynasties as the legitimate succession of the Chinese Throne, which is why the period is reckoned to extend down to 589, and the Sui begun in 590, even though Yang Chien came to a unified Northern Throne in 581.
		It was from the Northern Wei that the fabulous Buddhist cave shrines began to be carved and painted at Dunhuang, on the Silk Road in western Kansu [Gansu].
	www.friesian.com /sangoku.htm (12062 words)

	Shang-Dynasty
		The second and maybe the first of many capitals that had been discovered since the years of 1950, the city of Ao, founded by the tenth king of Shang, was discovered close to Zhengzhou, south of Huanghe and approximately 150 kilometers south of Anyang.
		Between 1400 B.C and 1350 B.C the Shang-capital was moved to Anyang, in the northern part of Henan.
		This period was later known as the golden age of The Shang Dynasty.
	heim.ifi.uio.no /~huut/shang.html (1455 words)

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