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Topic: Echo class submarine

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List of Soviet and Russian submarine classes

Cruise missile

	ECHO CLASS SUBMARINE FACTS AND INFORMATION
		'''''Echo'' class''' is the NATO_reporting_name assigned to the submarines created by six projects of the Soviet_Navy.
		Echos are nuclear-powered guided-missile submarines, which are known in the Soviet and Russian Navies as ''Podvodnaya Lodka Atomnaya Raketnaya Krylataya'' (PLARK).
		Projects 659 and 659T are known as the "Echo-I" class and
	www.palfacts.com /Echo_class_submarine (130 words)

	Naval Technology - SSGN Oscar II Class (Project 949.A); (Kursk) - Cruise Missile Submarine
		The submarine is fitted with a floating antenna buoy to receive radio messages, target designation data and satellite navigation signals at a great depth and under the ice.
		These large submarines are said to be slow to dive and manoeuvre, though they are credited with a submerged speed of about 30 knots — sufficient to keep pace with their targets.
		The missiles, which are launched while the submarine is submerged, are fired from tubes fixed at an angle of approximately 40°.
	www.naval-technology.com /projects/oscar (923 words)

	Submarine Centennial Chronology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Submarines are spared during the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, making the submarine force indispensable.
		It was to the Submarine force that I looked to carry the load until our great industrial activity could produce the weapons we so sorely needed to carry the war to the enemy.
		Submarine Squadron 6 in the Canal Zone conducts tests with USS Tusk (SS-426) concluding that submarines are the best ASW platform against snorkeling submarines.
	www.chinfo.navy.mil /navpalib/cno/n87/history/chrono.html (3046 words)

	Chap. 8: Nuclear submarine accidents - The Russian Northern Fleet
		The Project 627 - November class submarine K-8 was on exercise in the Barents Sea when a leak developed in the steam generators and in a pipe leading to the compensator reception.
		At one time, one submarine commander sent in a complaint that eleven of the 28 new members of the crew could not speak Russian and therefore were not qualified to work with the nuclear reactor.
		Many of the new crew for the nuclear submarines had received only six months training, training that often was insufficient or irrelevant to the situations they might confront on a nuclear submarine.[608] There was a widespread irresponsible attitude from incompetent outside specialists.
	www.spb.org.ru /bellona/ehome/russia/nfl/nfl8.htm (5712 words)

	Chinese Defence Today - Project 877EKM/636 Kilo Class Diesel-Electric Submarine
		All four Kilo class submarines are deployed in the submarine base of the East Sea Fleet at Zhoushan, Zhejiang Province near the Taiwan Strait.
		With a reserve buoyancy of 32%, the submarines consists of six watertight compartments separated by transverse bulkhead in a pressured double hull, which increases the survivability of the submarine, even with one compartment and adjacent ballast tanks flooded.
		To reduce the submarine’s acoustic signature, the flooding ports are removed from the forebody, and the hull is covered with rubber anti-sonar protection tiles to reduced the risk of detection.
	www.sinodefence.com /navy/sub/kilo.asp (1193 words)

	Submarine Accidents
		Sunken nuclear submarines As a consequence of either accident or extensive damage, there are six nuclear submarines that now lie on the ocean floor: two American vessels (USS Thresher and USS Scorpion) and four Soviet (K-8, K-219, K-278 Komsomolets and K-27).
		The two American submarines and three of the Soviet nuclear submarines sank as a result of accident; the fourth Soviet vessel was scuttled in the Kara Sea upon the decision of responsible authorities when repair was deemed impossible and decommissioning too expensive.
		The crew was evacuated to a diesel submarine, and K-19 was towed home to base on the Kola Peninsula.[16] K-11 The second nuclear accident to occur was in February 1965 aboard the Project 627 - November class submarine K-11.
	www.rontini.com /accid.html (5990 words)

	Russian & Soviet Peacetime Submarine Losses (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		One difficulty in analyzing submarine accidents is that military services, by their very nature, are secretive, especially when it comes to revealing problems or accidents.
		The submarine is intentially scuttled by the captain when attempts to tow it fail.
		The submarine is salvaged by the Soviet Navy in August, one of the few cases of a nuclear powered submarine being lost and later being salvaged.
	www.lostsubs.com /Soviet.htm (1758 words)

	Echo class submarine - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Echo class is the NATO reporting name assigned to the submarines created by six projects of the Soviet Navy.
		Projects 659 and 659T are known as the "Echo-I" class and projects 675, 675M, 675MU, and 675MKV are designated the "Echo-II" class.
		All six are externally very similar; Echo-IIs are about ten feet longer than Echo-Is.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Echo_class_submarine (179 words)

	Naval Technology - SSK Kilo Class (Type 877EKM) - Attack Submarine
		The submarines are constructed at the Admiralty Shipyard in St Petersburg.
		The submarine is a single shaft vessel with a double hull.
		The Kilo Class 877 EKM's predecessor, the Kilo Class 877.
	www.naval-technology.com /projects/kilo877 (669 words)

	Type 877 "KILO" CLASS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Type 636 submarine is considered to be to be one of the quietest diesel submarines in the world.
		The submarine is equipped with six 533 mm forward torpedo tubes situated in the nose of the submarine and carries eighteen torpedoes with six in the torpedo tubes and twelve stored on the racks.
		This provides: detection of submarine and surface ship targets in sonar listening mode; echo-ranging in a +/-30 degrees sector of the target relative bearing; telephone and telegraph communication in both long and short range modes; detection of underwater sound signals and determination of the signal bearing.
	www.aeronautics.ru /archive/fleet/russian/877.htm (1266 words)

	Project 949 / Oscar - Russian / Soviet Nuclear Forces
		The submarine is equipped with two dozen SS-N-19 missiles with a range of 550-kilometers -- three times as many anti-ship cruise missiles as earlier Charlie and Echo II class submarines.
		Considering the importance of the Oscar II submarines for the Russian Navy, the level of confusion concerning the designations and status of the units of this class verges on the astonishing.
		In August 1999 NATO sonar detected the presence in Western Atlantic waters of a Russian Oscar class submarine belonging to the northern fleet, based in the Arctic ports.
	www.fas.org /nuke/guide/russia/theater/949.htm (6452 words)

	Greenpeace
		The submarine, according to records recently uncovered, "surfaced, ventilated, decontaminated and repaired the casualty [accident] unassisted." Four crew members were taken to the Puget Sound Naval Hospital for radioactive monitoring.
		Five Soviet submarines in all are known to have sunk, carrying at least 40 nuclear missiles with them to the ocean floor.
		Reactor accidents or other serious mishaps also are known to have occurred aboard a Hotel class ballistic missile submarine in 1961 and again in late February 1972, an Echo II cruise missile submarine in August 1978, an Echo class attack submarine in August 1980, and the icebreaker Rossia in 1988.
	www.prop1.org /2000/accident/1989/8907a1.htm (3116 words)

	Sindhugosh {Kilo} Class
		The hull of the submarine is covered with rubber anti-sonar protection tiles which have a special ozonising layer to combat the sun's effects in tropical waters.
		The other submarines in the class will also be fitted with the capability during their mid-life refits.
		An agreement with Russia was concluded in the mid-1980s for the transfer of eight Kilo Class submarines.
	www.bharat-rakshak.com /NAVY/Sindhugosh.html (1373 words)

	Whiskey Class - Project 613
		Ambitious German plans to build Walter-designed ocean-going submarines, such as the 1,600-ton Type XVIII, were thwarted by the unsuccessful course of the war, The Type XVIII was modified into the highly successful Type XXI "electro-boat," in which larger batteries provided a submerged speed of 17 knots, which could be maintained for 90 minutes.
		The larger Zulu-class and smaller Quebec-class submarines augmented the Whiskey-class.
		The Echo I and Whiskey Long Bin class submarines deployed with anti-ship cruise missiles to fulfill this role.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/world/russia/613.htm (357 words)

	Class
		The dispute over class sizes in B.C.'s public schools appears to be far from resolved, despite the decision over the weekend by the province's 38,000 public school teachers to end their illegal two-week-old strike.
		As Chaparral High School's Class of 1975 gathered this past weekend for their 30th reunion, they reminisced about the mid-1970s at their new school on what was then the edge of Scottsdale.
		The Class of 2006 selected 11 House Representatives to the Senior Class Committee (SCC) last week to plan events for their final year at Harvard, with Eliot House holding a run-off election this weekend after a tie.
	classac.blogspot.com (6377 words)

	Echo class submarines - TheBestLinks.com - Echo I, NATO reporting name, Nuclear power, Submarine, ...
		Echo class submarines - TheBestLinks.com - Echo I, NATO reporting name, Nuclear power, Submarine,...
		Echo I, Echo class submarines, NATO reporting name, Nuclear power, Submarine...
		Echo I and Echo II designate two classes of Soviet nuclear powered guided missile submarines.
	www.thebestlinks.com /Echo_I.html (128 words)

	www.russianwarrior.com News and Updates
		Added photographs of the Kashin class destroyer, the Internatsional class tanker, the Kotlin class destroyer, Kilo class submarine, and the Kara class cruiser.
		Added the Slava missile cruiser, and more photographs of Sovremenny class destroyer, Kynda class cruiser, Golf class submarine, Victor class submarine, Echo class submarine, the Udaloy class destroyer, and the Charlie class submarine.
		Added new photographs of the Kiev class carrier, the Kara class cruiser, the Tarantul class corvette, the Oscar submarine, and the Sverdlov class cruiser.
	www.russianwarrior.com /News.htm (480 words)

	Breakdowns, Accidents Involving Submarines (phillyBurbs.com) \| Europe
		April 7, 1989: The Soviet submarine Komsomolets catches fire and sinks off Norway, killing 42 of the 69 sailors aboard.
		April 9, 1981: The USS George Washington, a missile submarine, runs into the Japanese freighter Nisso Maru, sinking the ship off the southern tip of Japan and killing two Japanese crewmen.
		May 21, 1968: The USS Scorpion, an attack submarine, is lost with 99 men aboard off the Azores in the Atlantic.
	www.phillyburbs.com /pb-dyn/news/89-08052005-524047.html (418 words)

	CNS - Russian Military Violating Nuclear Safety Rules - March 25, 2002 - Research Story of the Week (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The full text (in Russian and English) of the letter was subsequently published on the website of the Krasnoyarsk-based NGO Citizen's Center on Nuclear Non-Proliferation.
		It added that the fuel came from the Echo-II class submarine K-192 stationed at Polyarnyy since 1994 and defueled in 2000.[2] Echo-II class submarines belong to the first generation of Russian nuclear submarines and are equipped with two pressurized water reactors.
		Safety and security shortcomings at naval sites are in part the result of the absence of nuclear and radiation safety oversight.[7] Under pressure from Minatom and the Ministry of Defense, Gosatomnadzor was stripped of its inspection rights over military and naval nuclear facilities in 1995.
	cns.miis.edu /pubs/week/020325.htm (749 words)

	Russia
		Sevmorput's principle activities included first-generation nuclear submarine repairs and nuclear submarine refueling,[1] in addition to conventional submarine repairs.[2] However, in 1991, concerns over safety during refueling operations, which usually takes about two months, caused Murmansk oblast officials to halt refueling activities at Sevmorput, located very close to populated areas of the city of Murmansk.
		As of 1995, Sevmorput's primary responsibility included keeping one Echo II class submarine and one Hotel class submarine afloat in the shipyard.
		The last refueling of the submarine's reactors was performed at Sevmorput in 1982.
	www.nti.org /db/nisprofs/russia/naval/nucflt/norflt/sevmorpt.htm (814 words)

	Submarine Links to Various Nations
		Center] Dutch Submarines: The Submarines of the Royal Netherlands Navy The Goat...
		The Polish Submarine Orzel: Legend of WW II Traduzca esta página
		From sunken submarine maps, movie stills, schematics, and selected profiles to submarine technology and exploration, National Geographic has done a great job.
	www.diodon349.com /Site_Main_Pages/Intenational_Subs.htm (682 words)

	National Geographic: Submarine Milestones -- Kursk's Class (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		U.S. and Soviet Submarine Milestones of the Cold War
		Photograph from REUTERS/HO Oscar submarines remain some of Russia’s largest and most advanced.
		The Kursk, which sank in 2000, was an Oscar-class submarine.
	www.nationalgeographic.com /k19/sub_detail_sov6.html (78 words)

	Dutch Submarines: The O 19 submarine class (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Submarine minelayer for operations in home waters as well as in the colonies.
		Possibly (but not confirmed) based upon the Orzel class which was designed for the Polish Navy.
		After this class the distinction between 'O' boats (for home waters) and 'K' boat (for the
	www.dutchsubmarines.com /classes/class_o19.htm (506 words)

	NIS Trafficking
		The letter charges that the Ministry of Defense is violating nuclear and radiation safety and material accounting procedures when handling spent fuel from nuclear submarines.
		In addition, there is no established procedure for managing damaged nuclear fuel from submarine reactors.[2]
		Safety and security shortcomings at naval sites are in part the result of the absence of nuclear and radiation safety oversight.[1] [Under pressure from Minatom and the Ministry of Defense, Gosatomnadzor was stripped of its inspection rights over military and naval nuclear facilities in 1995.]
	www.nti.org /db/nistraff/2001/20010710.htm (841 words)

	[No title]
		Does anybody know of any or if any are going to be released.
		Listed (verbatim) are: CIMH-------1/32 Confederate "H.L. Hunley" submarine, $48.95.
		We were allocated 2 of only 50 kits total produced worldwide.
	smmlonline.com /archives/VOL0041.txt (658 words)

	Vessel for Sale PI12 - Submarine
		This Whiskey Class" Submarine was decommissioned in 1991.
		This submarine is open to many possibilities, including adventure tourism or active military service.
		It was rated to a depth of 200 meters or 650 Feet.
	www.maritimesales.com /PI12.htm (50 words)

	uboat.net - Allied Warships - Destroyer HMS Echo of the E class (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		uboat.net - Allied Warships - Destroyer HMS Echo of the E class
		Returned to the Royal Navy in April 1956 and scrapped at Dunston on 26 April 1956.
		The Italian submarine Nereide was sunk off Augusta, Sicily by the British destroyers HMS Echo and HMS Ilex.
	uboat.net /allies/warships/ship/4375.html (101 words)

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