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Topic: Echovirus

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	Eurosurveillance Weekly 2002;6 (7): 020214
		Echovirus 30 caused outbreaks in France, Iceland, Kosovo, and the Netherlands in 2000, and in England and Wales, Scotland, Germany, and Ireland in 2001.
		Echovirus 30 was considered to be the cause of the epidemic as this enterovirus was found in 80% of the samples of CSF taken from these patients.
		Echovirus 30 was the predominant serotype isolated from the CSF or throat swabs (12 of 21 isolates) of cases of aseptic meningitis, although four cases were identified as due to echovirus 13.
	www.eurosurveillance.org /ew/2002/020214.asp (2544 words)

	Echovirus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		An echovirus is a type of RNA virus that belongs to the genus Enterovirus of the Picornaviridae family.
		Echovirus is highly infectious, and its primary target is children.
		An echovirus measures 24-30 nanometres (nm), and is similar to other viruses, since it has a naked protein capsid, which makes up 75% of the virus particle that encloses a dense central core of single-stranded RNA.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Echovirus (739 words)

	[No title]
		The name echovirus has a deeper meaning because the first part of its name is actually an acroynm for "enteric cytopathic human orphan" virus.
		The echovirus is among the leading causes of acute febrile illness in infants and young children, and is the most common cause of aseptic meningitis.
		Children who are born prematurely and die from echovirus infections usually die from overwhelming liver failure or myocarditis, rather than infection of the central nervous system.
	www.bigbangnews.com /bigbang/archives/v3is4/biology_001.htm (866 words)

	European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
		Echovirus 9: a prominent enterovirus causing CNS disease in Kuwait
		Echovirus 11 and coxsackievirus B5, on the other hand were more frequent in less severe CNS disease than in severe CNS disease cases.
		Echovirus 9 was found to be the predominant enterovirus associated with CNS disease in Kuwait and data obtained through this study suggests that infection with echovirus 9 may lead to a more severe CNS disease outcome.
	www.blackwellpublishing.com /eccmid16/abstract.asp?id=49002 (381 words)

	Enterovirus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Coxsackie serotypes B2 and B5, and echovirus 4,6,9,11,16 and 30 are the most frequently implicated as causative agents of aseptic meningitis.
		Echovirus serotypes 6, 9, and 11 are responsible for a small number of case reports of perinatal pneumonitis.
		Anecdotal reports describe successful outcomes after the administration of IVIG (1g/ kg) and maternal plasma to echovirus 11-infected infants with hepatitis; but results are too small to assess the clinical benefit.
	home.coqui.net /myrna/virus.htm (1949 words)

	Virucidal Efficacy of Glutaraldehyde against Enteroviruses Is Related to the Location of Lysine Residues in Exposed ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		B3 (22), coxsackievirus A9 (13), and echovirus 1 (11).
		Amino acid sequences of the VP1 capsid proteins of five echovirus prototype strains (echoviruses 4, 5, 25, 26, and 29) and one clinical isolate (echovirus 25 TH222) selected on the basis of differences in the number of lysine residues located in exposed regions on the outer surface of the VP1 protein.
		Heterogeneity of capsid proteins of echovirus type 25 wild-type strain and prototype strain, studied by using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting.
	aem.asm.org /cgi/content/full/70/3/1717 (3570 words)

	exp1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		These experiments were performed to verify that the monoclonal antibodies were capable of protecting against infection with echovirus 1.
		Echovirus 1 and poliovirus 2w2 were replicated in cells containing radioactive methionine [35S-Met] (What part of the viral particle would be labeled using 35S-Met?
		Echovirus 1 binding was significantly inhibited when HeLa cells were preincubated in MAb AA10.
	biology.fullerton.edu /biol426/storyboard/exp1.html (291 words)

	Coxsackie (Group B) Viruses, Coxsackie B Viruses
		Altogether, 34 viruses were assigned echovirus serotype designations but echovirus 10 and 28 were reclassified as a reovirus and a rhinovirus respectively and the numbers are now unused.
		Of the 32 echoviruses, 10 show haemagglutinating activity with human group O erythrocytes, the haemagglutinin is thought to be an integral part of the virus particle.
		Significant rise in antibody titres are rare in cardiac disease as cardiac disease is usually a late consequence of coxsackie B infection.
	virology-online.com /viruses/Enteroviruses5.htm (2577 words)

	Fatty Acid-Depleted Albumin Induces the Formation of Echovirus A Particles -- Ward et al. 74 (7): 3410 -- The Journal ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Echovirus infection of Rhabdomyosarcoma cells is inhibited by antiserum to the complement control protein CD59.
		Rhodanine resistance and dependence of echovirus 12: a possible consequence of capsid flexibility.
		Interaction between echovirus 7 and its receptor, decay-accelerating factor (CD55): evidence for a secondary cellular factor in A-particle formation.
	jvi.asm.org /cgi/content/full/74/7/3410 (1452 words)

	Aseptic Meningitis Outbreak Associated With Echovirus 9 Among Recreational Vehicle Campers, Connecticut (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Meningitis illness began in three hospitalized patients, one incubation period after their mothers' enterovirus-like illnesses, suggesting that intrahousehold spread from adults to children was a source for several more serious infections.
		Echovirus 9 was the predominate enterovirus serotype circulating in the eastern United States during 2003 and was identified as the likely etiologic agent in this outbreak.
		First, although the cases of enterovirus-like illness were consistent clinically with echovirus infection and were linked temporally and epidemically to echovirus 9 aseptic meningitis cases, no laboratory confirmation was attempted.
	www.medicalnewstoday.com /medicalnews.php?newsid=12026 (1400 words)

	Laboratory Diagnosis and Genetic Analysis of an Echovirus 30-Associated Outbreak of Aseptic Meningitis in Taiwan in ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Laboratory Diagnosis and Genetic Analysis of an Echovirus 30-Associated Outbreak of Aseptic Meningitis in Taiwan in 2001 -- Wang et al.
		echovirus 30 (E30) infection was diagnosed in 188 (16.6%), with
		A new variant of echovirus 4 associated with a large outbreak of aseptic meningitis.
	jcm.asm.org /cgi/content/full/40/12/4439 (3177 words)

	Specialty Laboratories ::: we help doctors help patients
		Molecular typing, together with a serotype-specific E33 PCR improved and speeded the investigation of an outbreak of Echovirus 33 that could not be definitively typed by antibody neutralization.
		Laboratory diagnosis and genetic analysis of an echovirus 30-associated outbreak of aseptic meningitis in Taiwan in 2001.
		Viral infection and the pathogenesis of dilated cardiovascular disease.
	www.specialtylabs.com /books/display.asp?id=342 (823 words)

	Echovirus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Echovirus news vertical portal can now be syndicated quickly and easily using our new Really Simple Syndication feeds.
		echovirus 30, commonly associated with aseptic meningitis outbreaks.
		For any further understanding that could lead to the prevention, treatment, and/or cure of the disorders, we recommend that affected individuals seek the advice or counsel of his or her own personal physician(s).
	echovirus.diseasemap.com (344 words)

	Echovirus 9 Caused Central Nervous System Disease in Kuwait: Presented at ECCMID (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		NICE, FRANCE -- April 2, 2006 -- The DM prototype strain of echovirus 9 (E9) is the predominant enterovirus causing central nervous system (CNS) disease in Kuwait, and it is associated with more severe forms of disease at a higher viral load, according to a presentation given here at the 16
		Since the surveillance systems were first designed to determine the spread of E9 and its disease association, the echovirus has been found to be common in many countries throughout the world.
		This study thus shows that E9 was the predominant enterovirus associated with CNS disease in Kuwait during this period, and suggest further that infection with E9 may lead to a more severe CNS disease outcome, Mr.
	www.pslgroup.com /dg/259616.htm (647 words)

	Indian Pediatrics - Editorial (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		We report here an outbreak of echovirus meningitis in Vellore and surrounding areas as evidenced by a sudden increase in the number of infants and children admitted to the pediatric wards of our hospital.
		Of the 7 isolates, 5 were identified as echovirus serotype 4 and one each was identified as echovirus serotypes 3 and 30 respectively.
		The two cases with detection of echovirus 3 and 30 might either represent the sporadic cases or could be contributory to the outbreak as epidemics due to multiple sero-types of echovirus have been described previously(4).
	www.indianpediatrics.net /apr2004/apr-384-388.htm (1675 words)

	exp2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		These experiments were performed to verify the specificity of MAb AA10 for the receptor for echovirus 1.
		One of five picornaviruses (echovirus 1, poliovirus 2, poliovirus 3, coxsackie B3, coxsackie A18) was added per well at a concentration of about 50 plaque-forming units (PFU).
		(a) plaque formation was inhibited because echovirus 1 bound to the MAb AA10 and prevented the virus from binding to its receptor on the cell.
	biology.fullerton.edu /biol426/storyboard/exp2.html (221 words)

	Assessment of an Enterovirus Sewage Surveillance System by Comparison of Clinical Isolates with Sewage Isolates from ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Echovirus 30 was the predominant clinical EV (46.1% of the cases)
		Echovirus 6 was the predominant clinical and sewage isolate
		Echovirus 11 infections of newborns with mortality during the 1979 enterovirus season in Milwaukee, Wis. Public Health Rep. 97:346-353.
	aem.asm.org /cgi/content/full/69/12/7181 (4722 words)

	European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
		Type 9 echovirus positive 31 stool specimens, type 30 echovirus positive 33 stool and 59 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens were inoculated onto cell lines.
		Of 31 echovirus 9 isolates, 22 (71.0%), 21 (67.7%), 6 (19.4%) and 3 (9.7%) were detected in HEL, 293, RD and HeLa, respectively.
		Of 33 echovirus 30 isolates from stool specimens, 32 (97.0%) were detected in 293, 17 (51.5%) were detected in RD. Of 58 echovirus 30 isolates from CSF specimens, 39 (67.2%) were detected in 293, 50 (51.7%) were detected in RD. 293 cells were sensitive for coxackievirus A9 ATCC strain and echovirus 7 ATCC strain.
	www.blackwellpublishing.com /eccmid14/abstract.asp?id=15815 (228 words)

	Genomic Variations in Echovirus 30 Persistent Isolates Recovered from a Chronically Infected Immunodeficient Child and ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Fatal hepatic necrosis in a neonate with echovirus 20 infection: use of the polymerase chain reaction to detect enterovirus in liver tissue.
		Molecular epidemiology of enterovirus outbreaks in Canada during 1991-1992: identification of echovirus 30 and coxsakievirus B1 strains by amplicon sequencing.
		Echovirus type 30 infection associated with aseptic meningitis in Nassau County, New York, USA.
	jcm.asm.org /cgi/content/full/38/2/552 (4128 words)

	Echovirus
		The formation of blood clots in veins deep within the legs -- deep vein thrombosis -- occurring during (or just after) a long airplane flight, especially in economy class (tourist class) where there is the least space allotted per passenger and ones legs tend especially to be immobilized for lack of leg room.
		If you have a better definition for Echovirus than the one presented here, please let us know by making use of the suggest a term option.
		Our attempt is to provide easy definitions on Echovirus and any other medical topic for the public at large.
	www.medicalglossary.net /Echovirus.htm (1100 words)

	www.myspace.com/echovirus
		Formed in the summer of 2005, ECHOVIRUS is one of the latest additions to Brighton's expanding metal scene.
		Early exposure on various internet message boards led to much critical acclaim for the track, proving to the founding members that this immense project now deserved to be taken to the next level.
		With the bands debut 5 track EP Prelude to Dystopia now complete, 2006 looks set to be the year in which Echovirus begin to infect the masses with their concussive hybrid of technical, brutal and melodic metal.
	www.myspace.com /echovirus (1226 words)

	Transgenic mouse model for echovirus myocarditis and paralysis -- Hughes et al. 100 (26): 15906 -- Proceedings of the ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Transgenic mouse model for echovirus myocarditis and paralysis -- Hughes et al.
		of adolescent (3- to 4-week-old) transgenic mice with echovirus
		The identification of VLA-2 as an echovirus receptor
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/100/26/15906 (3278 words)

	JAMA -- Enterovirus Surveillance--United States, 2002-2004, May 3, 2006, 295 (17): 1993 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		echovirus 9 and echovirus 30, commonly associated with aseptic
		echovirus 9 was detected in 41 states and Puerto Rico, echovirus
		Echovirus 7 was the most common serotype for the first time
	jama.ama-assn.org /cgi/content/full/295/17/1993 (972 words)

	Columbia Microbiology: Racaniello Lab
		In addition, echovirus infections may also result in paralysis, encephalitis, neonatal sepsis, exanthema, respiratory disease, myalgia, and myocarditis.
		Most echovirus infections are limited to humans, and the lack of an animal model has hindered the study of echovirus pathogenesis.
		To study the pathogenesis of this disease, we have established a transgenic mouse model for echovirus infection.
	cumicro2.cpmc.columbia.edu /Micro_Files/Racaniello_Lab.html (879 words)

	Aseptic Meningitis Outbreak Associated With Echovirus 9 Among Recreational Vehicle Campers --- Connecticut, 2003
		Aseptic meningitis is an inflammation of the tissues covering the brain and spinal cord and caused by a virus, most frequently an enterovirus (1).
		Echovirus 9 was the predominate enterovirus serotype circulating in the eastern United States during 2003 (4) and was identified as the likely etiologic agent in this outbreak.
		Kee F, McElroy G, Stewart D, Coyle P, Watson J. A community outbreak of echovirus infection associated with an outdoor swimming pool.
	www.cdc.gov /mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5331a2.htm (1809 words)

	eMedicine - Echovirus : Article Excerpt by: Jorge M Quinonez, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		These orphan viruses were initially termed ECHO, an acronym for enteric cytopathic human orphan virus, which was later simplified to echovirus.
		To date, 67 serotypes of enterovirus have been identified, 32 of which belong to the echovirus group.
		The tropism of each virus for certain tissues is not well understood and is neither unique nor.....
	www.emedicine.com /ped/byname/echovirus.htm (634 words)

	eMedicine - Echovirus : Article by Jorge M Quinonez, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Several reports link echovirus and enterovirus infection to a risk of developing type 1 diabetes.
		Modlin JF: Perinatal echovirus infection: insights from a literature review of 61 cases of serious infection and 16 outbreaks in nurseries.
		Paananen A, Ylipaasto P, Rieder E, et al: Molecular and biological analysis of echovirus 9 strain isolated from a diabetic child.
	www.emedicine.com /PED/topic649.htm (4595 words)

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