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Topic: Economic history of Hong Kong

	Hong Kong - History
		Hong Kong's history during Three Kingdoms, Southern and Northern Dynasties is less known owing to the lack of records and archaeological findings.
		In a letter to the chairman of the UN Committee on Decolonization in March 1972, Huang Hua, the RPC permanent representative to the United Nations wrote that 'Hong Kong and Macau are parts of the Chinese territory occupied by the British and Portuguese authorities.
		On April 4, 1990, the Hong Kong Basic Law was officially accepted as the mini-constitution of the Hong Kong SAR after the handover.
	www.allabout-hong-kong.com /History-3.html (3329 words)

	Wikipedia: History of Hong Kong
		Hong Kong's history during Three Kingdoms, Southern and Northern Dynasties is less known owing to the lack of records and archaeological findings.
		In a letter to the chairman of the UN Committee on Decolonization in March 1972, Huang Hua, the Chinese permanent representative to the United Nations wrote that 'Hong Kong and Macau are parts of the Chinese territory occupied by the British and Portuguese authorities.
		On April 4, 1990, the Hong Kong Basic Law was officially accepted as the mini-constitution of the Hong Kong SAR after the handover.
	www.factbook.org /wikipedia/en/h/hi/history_of_hong_kong.html (2619 words)

	EH.Net Encyclopedia: Economic History of Hong Kong
		Hong Kong’s economic and political history has been primarily determined by its geographical location. The territory of Hong Kong is comprised of two main islands (Hong Kong Island and Lantau Island) and a mainland hinterland.
		Hong Kong was profoundly affected by the disastrous events in Mainland China in the inter-war period.
		The economic development of Hong Kong is unusual in a variety of respects. First, industrialization was accompanied by increasing numbers of small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) rather than consolidation. In 1955, 91 percent of manufacturing establishments employed fewer than one hundred workers, a proportion that increased to 96.5 percent by 1975.
	eh.net /encyclopedia/article/schenk.HongKong (824 words)

	History of Hong Kong - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Subsequently, Hong Kong Island was ceded to Britain in 1842 under the Treaty of Nanking, at which point in time the territory became a Crown Colony.
		In a letter to the chairman of the UN Committee on Decolonization in March 1972, Huang Hua, the PRC permanent representative to the United Nations wrote that 'Hong Kong and Macau are parts of the Chinese territory occupied by the British and Portuguese authorities.
		Hong Kong retains a separate international dialling code (852) and telephone numbering plan from that of the mainland; calls between Hong Kong and the mainland still require international dialling.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/History_of_Hong_Kong (3828 words)

	Hong Kong's History. »´ä¾ú¥v¡C
		Prior to the arrival of the British, Hong Kong was a small fishing community and a haven for travellers and pirates in the South China Sea.
		Settlement in the territory grew slowly with the population rose from 32,983 in 1851 to 878,947 in 1931.
		Hong Kong's economic life began to slow after the United Nations' embargo on trade with China in the 1950s.
	www.geocities.com /Tokyo/Towers/2464/hist.htm (825 words)

	Hong Kong. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Hong Kong is governed under the Basic Law as approved in 1990 by the National People’s Congress of China.
		Hong Kong is a free port, a bustling trade center, and a shipping and banking emporium—one of the greatest trading and transshipment centers in East Asia.
		Hong Kong was affected by the Asian financial crisis of 1997–98, but its economy began to rebound in 1999.
	www.bartleby.com /65/ho/HongKong.html (1454 words)

	Economic history of Hong Kong - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Economic history of Hong Kong from Victorian era to the Second World War
		Death of Mao, Defeat of "Gang of Four"
		This economics or finance-related article is a stub.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Economic_history_of_Hong_Kong (85 words)

	Readings: A Brief History of Hong Kong to 1910 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		China's desire to establish a consulate in Hong Kong to represent its substantial Chinese population was a leading aspect of the vigorous diplomatic activism of the late Qing.
		Hong Kong's early growth was driven primarily by the expansion of international commerce between the Western nations and East Asia.
		In sum, Hong Kong's significance between 1842 and 1910 lay, on the one hand, in its own evolving identity as a developing colony, with all the complex social and political arrangements that involved, and, on the other, in its relationship to the progress of revolution in China.
	www.askasia.org /teachers/Instructional_Resources/Materials/Readings/China/R_china_2.htm (3622 words)

	Hong Kong - History and Background \| Footprint Guides
		Set in Hong Kong in 1963, the action spans a little over a week and is packed with high adventure from kidnapping, murder, financial double-dealing, fires, floods and landslides.
		The hero, Tom Stewart, from England travels to Hong Kong in 1935 as it embarks on its prosperous years, and on his voyage out he is made the object of a bizarre bet between a Chinese nun and an anti-Catholic English businessman.
		This heavy tome is a historical account of the Japanese occupation from the viewpoint of the Hong Kong Chinese, the British, Japanese and Mainland Chinese.
	www.footprintguides.com /Hong-Kong/History-and-Background.php (955 words)

	Hong Kong History — Hong Kong History of Hong Kong
		The Anglo-Chinese War of 1839-42 (known as the Opium War) and China then gave Hong Kong island to the British in 1841.
		At one tiem Hong Kong was only gateway to trade with China.
		There are plenty of reasons to love the Hong Kong area and just to name of few, the scenery is beautiful and the culture of the area is fantastic.
	www.hongkongcitytourist.com /hongkong-history.html (276 words)

	SPICE Publication - Hong Kong in Transition: A Look at Economic Interdependence
		Economic interdependence has played an important role in Hong Kong's history, from its earliest days as a British colony to its current status as a center of international trade and finance.
		The future of Hong Kong's many foreign-owned companies suddenly became unclear under a new government whose ruling philosophy was inherently opposed to the existing capitalist way of life.
		Hong Kong's service industries are closely tied to the economies of other countries and were inevitably affected by their financial crises.
	spice.stanford.edu /catalog/10051 (825 words)

	Hong Kong History
		Anyway, according to Endacott, "its real history begins with the trading relations between China and the West, which had been centred mainly at Canton since the end of seventeenth century (Endacott 1973:2)." People inhabited in the land now called Hong Kong before then, but it consisted of small fishing villages with small population.
		The British forced China to cede Hong Kong Island in perpetuity, and it formally became British territory in 1842.
		According to general interpretation, Hong Kong will be unchanged in terms of economic and social systems and way of life for at least 50 years from the date of the return althgouth some people doubt that interpretation.
	www.csulb.edu /~jwinter2/chin490/f2000/akira/history.html (1066 words)

	History of Hong Kong
		Hong Kong became an economic success and a manufacturing, commercial, finance, and tourism center.
		Hong Kong is a Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China with a high degree of autonomy in all matters except foreign and defense affairs.
		In July 2002, the Hong Kong Government implemented the Principal Officials Accountability System, which was designed to make the government more responsive to public concerns, and added a layer of 11 political appointees, directly responsible to the Chief Executive, to run the 11 policy bureaus.
	www.historyofnations.net /asia/hongkong.html (468 words)

	Hong Kong Historical Perspective (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The history of Hong Kong, from its occupation by the British in 1841 to its return to Chinese sovereignty in 1997 is a fascinating story of East meeting West.
		Before the British arrived there, Hong Kong was a small fishing community and a haven for travelers and pirates in the South China Sea.
		In the early 1900's Hong Kong was a refuge for exiles from China, following the establishment of the Chinese Republic in 1912.
	www.stayreshongkong.com /about-hongkong2.htm (384 words)

	History (from Hong Kong) -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Hong Kong in Chinese History: Community and Social Unrest in the British Colony, 1842–1913 (1993), focuses on the Chinese elite and working classes in Hong Kong from the end of the First Opium War to the beginning of the republican period in China.
		Hong Kong Under Imperial Rule, 1912–1941 (1987), addresses the political and economic issues of the period before the Japanese occupation.
		History is a science—a branch of knowledge that uses specific methods and tools to achieve its goals.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-11645?tocId=11645 (1032 words)

	HONG KONG'S HISTORY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Hong Kong served as a refuge for exiles from China following the establishment of the Chinese Republic in 1912.
		Conclusions on Hong Kong's History Hong Kong has had a colorful past from pirates to Trader Barons and yet it is the future that looks to be the most interesting.
		All of this remains to be seen as Hong Kong approaches the 1997 deadline.
	www.csudh.edu /global_options/375Students-Sp96/HongKong/BriefHist.html (435 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/History of Hong Kong
		The British, Canadians, Indians and the Hong Kong Volunteer Defense Forces resisted the Japanese invasion commanded by Sakai Takashi since December 8, 1941, the day after the attack on Pearl Harbor.
		On December 25, 1941 - gone down in history as Black Christmas to locals - British colonial officials headed by the Governor of Hong Kong Mark Aitchison Young surrendered in person at the Japanese headquarters on the third floor of (the hotel) The Peninsula Hong Kong.
		Most of the repatriated actually had come to Hong Kong just a few years earlier to fled the terror of the Sino-Japanese War happening in the Mainland.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/History_of_Hong_Kong (3359 words)

	The Management of the British Economy, 1945-2001
		She has published widely on British post-war economic history, the development of the international monetary system and the economic history of Hong Kong.
		She is currently engaged on projects assessing British management of the decline of sterling in the 1960s and 1970s and analyzing the competitiveness of the Hong Kong banking system.
		She will be a visiting research fellow at the Hong Kong Institute for Monetary Research and Visiting Professor at the University of Hong Kong in 2005.
	www.eh.net /bookreviews/library/0979.shtml (762 words)

	Amazon.com: A Borrowed Place: The History of Hong Kong: Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		In this deeply researched but sterile history of the British crown colony, Welsh describes how Hong Kong became a trading and commercial center after its inception during the 1839-1842 Opium War and gives a straightforward account of the British entrepreneurs and their accumulation of wealth.
		The events of 1972--when Hong Kong's future was decided by Britain and China--are still shrouded in a secrecy that Welsh doesn't dispel, stating only that some feel that if Britain hadn't approached China, China would have let matters lie because Hong Kong was too valuable a trading partner to lose.
		The internationally-focused handover of Hong Kong to Chinese sovereignty in 1997 historically marked the end of both British ruling over the Chinese financial capital and the legend of the once mighty empire.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/1568360029?v=glance (2539 words)

	CNN.com - Restaurant sets Hong Kong layoff record - June 6, 2002
		HONG KONG, China -- Chinese restaurant chain The Treasure Restaurant Group has slashed 1,500 jobs in what is thought to be the biggest layoff in Hong Kong's history.
		Its flagship restaurants were in the Hong Kong island neighborhood of North Point and in Yau Ma Tei of Kowloon.
		Amid one of the sharpest downturns in Hong Kong's economic history, the suicide rate is widely considered to be at a record high.
	archives.cnn.com /2002/BUSINESS/asia/06/06/hk.restaurant (422 words)

	Action-filled Hong Kong cinema has long history
		This spring Cook is teaching the course, "Hong Kong Cinema," to 40 graduate and undergraduate students.
		Cook believes that the story of Hong Kong cinema is one of the richest and most fascinating in film history.
		Hong Kong was among the first film industries to produce videos in this state-of-the-art format.
	www.emory.edu /EMORY_REPORT/erarchive/1999/February/erfebruary.8/2_8_99hongkong.html (706 words)

	Amazon.co.uk: A History of Hong Kong: Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		This work is an evocation of Hong Kong and the characters of those who shaped it, from its buccaneering origins to its post-war growth.
		Frank Welsh writes of the economic, political, and social history of Hong Kong with great passion, humour and insight, from the original 'unequal' treaties with which Britain was able to lease the island from mainland China, through its expansion, to its return to Chinese control in 1997.
		Although he covers much ground - his discussion of the opium trade and the powerful Hongs are particularly interesting - the main thrust of the book concerns the administration of the island (and the administrators themselves), including the often uneasy relationship between Hong Kong and Great Britain.
	www.amazon.co.uk /exec/obidos/ASIN/000638871X (620 words)

	History of Hong Kong (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Sir Henry Pottinger was its first governor and was determined to retain Hong Kong despite doubts of the island being barren and uninhabitable.
		Hong Kong has historically served as a refuge for exiles beginning with the Taiping rebellion in 1850, when many felt the unsettled conditions on the mainland.
		Hundreds of thousands of people, mainly from Guangdong province, Shanghai and other commercial centres, entered the territory during 1949 and the spring of 1950, the population had swelled to an estimated 2.2 million.
	www.mtholyoke.edu /~cngai/history.htm (426 words)

	Hong Kong via the Web
		Many of Hong Kong's top businesspeople are members of the Foundation's board of directors.
		An estimated 50,000 US passport holders reside in Hong Kong and US direct investment in Hong Kong was estimated in 1999 to total more than $17 billion.
		Hong Kong Economic and Trade Office in the US This is the Hong Kong government's permanent representative office in the US.
	www.isop.ucla.edu /eas/web/hongkong.htm (1080 words)

	CHINA BOOKS: :Hong Kong & Macau: History & Society (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Hong Kong has always had an appetite for the new and innovative — so no one is gambling on the future of a handful of traditional Chinese shops that are links with an almost fabled past.
		Hong Kong is an extraordinary record by one of the major photographers of the 20th century.
		Hong Kong returned to China after many years of colonial rule, and this photographic album is a documentary record of this transition.
	www.chinabooks.com.au /generalcatalogue/hongkong.htm (2337 words)

	NBR.com - Where America Turns for Business News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The drive to privatize various government operations in Hong Kong began in March of 1999 when Financial Secretary Donald Tsang presented what he called the “toughest budget ever,” in an effort to end the worst recession in the city’s history.
		The consensus of expert opinion is that Hong Kong will run a tight ship in managing its municipal finances in an effort to make the Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement (CEPA) with China work-- and to overcome the effects of the SARS epidemic and the current deficit.
		The long-term goal is to uphold Hong Kong’s reputation as the financial center of Asia.
	www.nightlybusiness.org /Asia/video19c.html (791 words)

	Hong Kong Hotels Travel Guide - History of Hong Kong (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Hong Kong has become one of the busiest cultural and business centres in the whole of East Asia.
		century Hong Kong served as a refuge for exiles from China following the establishment of the Chinese Republic in 1912.
		Hong Kong has grown into a world-class financial, trading and business centre and is the world's seventh largest trading economy and the ninth largest exporter of services.
	www.hoteltravel.com /hongkong/guides/history.htm (626 words)

	Internet Modern History Sourcebook: Main Page
		It is intended to serve the needs of teachers and students in college survey courses in modern European history and American history, as well as in modern Western Civilization and World Cultures.
		Internet History Sourcebooks Project began as a way to access texts that were already available on the Internet, it now contains hundreds of texts made available locally.
		Although the history of social and cultural elite groups remains important to historians, the lives of non-elite women, people of color, lesbians and gays are also well represented here.
	www.fordham.edu /halsall/mod/modsbook.html (951 words)

	EastSouthWestNorth: Unofficial Histories of Hong Kong
		On April 27, 1878, the famous "Appointment of Medical Committee on the Physical Effect of Flogging in Hong Kong" was released to the public.
		These are the kinds of unofficial history that are circulated among the people of Hong Kong through any number of mainstream and minor media.
		Well, you pick up the newspapers and you read that the new Japanese history textbooks say that the Hong Kong people should be grateful for the Japanese to have "liberated" them from their British colonial masters and then introduced them to an era of economic co-prosperity.
	www.zonaeuropa.com /20050419_2.htm (1343 words)

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