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Topic: Economy of Armenia

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Armenian

	Armenia ECONOMY
		As part of the Soviet Union, the Armenian economy featured large-scale agroindustrial enterprises and a substantial industrial sector that supplied machine tools, textiles and other manufacturesd goods to other parts of the USSR in exchange for raw materials.
		Trade with its neighbors, on which resource-poor Armenia relies heavily, was jeopardized by the outbreak of conflict over the Nagorno-Karabakh enclave in 1988, and by political instability in Georgia and Azerbaijan.
		Growth was not registered until 1994, at 5%, when, in July, a ceasefire was signed by Armenia, Azerbaijan and Nagorno-Karabakh, and, in December, the government embarked on a comprehensive IMF-monitored program of macroeconomic stabilization and structural reform.
	www.nationsencyclopedia.com /Europe/Armenia-ECONOMY.html (442 words)

	Hetq Online (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The problem is that in Armenia, as in many other countries with transitional economies, institutions that existed in the past have disappeared, but institutions characteristic of market economies have not been created.
		Armenia saw the creation of informal economic institutions, because the transactional expenses of businessmen are lower here in the informal field.
		The shadow economy in Armenia is large and one cannot rule out that foreign currency obtained illegally is entering the country.
	www.hetq.am /eng/economy/0607-sandoyan.html (1233 words)

	Armenia information - Search.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Armenia (Armenian: Հայաստան, Hayastan, Հայք, Hayq), officially the Republic of Armenia, is a landlocked mountainous country in the Southern Caucasus (Transcaucasus), bordered by Turkey to the west, Georgia to the north, Azerbaijan to the east, and Iran and the Nakhichevan exclave of Azerbaijan to the south.
		Armenia is interested in cooperating with other members of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS, a group of 12 former Soviet republics) and with members of the international community on environmental issues.
		Armenia was the first nation to adopt Christianity as a state religion, in AD Over 93% of Armenian Christians belong to the Armenian Apostolic Church, a form of Oriental (Non-Chalcedonian) Orthodoxy, which is a very ritualistic, conservative church, roughly comparable to the Coptic and Syrian churches.
	c10-ss-1-lb.cnet.com /reference/Armenia (3392 words)

	Economy of Armenia
		Armenia has registered strong economic growth since 1995, building on the turnaround that began the previous year, and inflation has been negligible for the past several years.
		Armenia is interested in cooperating with other members of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS--a group of 12 former Soviet republics) and with members of the international community on environmental issues.
		Armenia is now a net energy exporter, although it does not have sufficient generating capacity to replace Metsamor, which is under international pressure to close.
	infotut.com /geography/Armenia/Economy (1751 words)

	Armenian Economy - Armeniapedia.org
		Armenia is the second most densely populated of the former Soviet republics.
		Armenia is interested in cooperating with other members of the Commonwealth of Independent States (a group of 12 former Soviet republics) and with members of the international community on environmental issues.
		Armenia is a food importer, and its mineral deposits (gold, bauxite) are small.
	www.armeniapedia.org /index.php?title=Armenian_Economy (1371 words)

	Armenia (12/06)
		Armenia's embassy in the U.S. is at 2225 R Street, NW, Washington, DC, 20008; tel: 202-319-1976; fax: 202-319-2984.
		According to Armenia's Office of the Geographer, Karabakhi Armenians, supported by the Republic of Armenia, now hold about 11% of Azerbaijan and have refused to withdraw from occupied territories until an agreement on the status of Nagorno-Karabakh is reached.
		Armenia and Azerbaijan continue to observe the cease-fire that has been in effect since May 1994, and in late 1995 both also agreed to OSCE field representatives being based in Tbilisi, Georgia, to monitor the cease-fire and facilitate the peace process.
	www.state.gov /r/pa/ei/bgn/5275.htm (3879 words)

	Armenia, Country Commercial Guide 1998 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Modern Armenia, a small, strategically important country located at the crossroads of Europe and Asia, is in the midst of transition from a Soviet-style planned economy to a democratic society with a market economy.
		Armenia adopted the first private property law in the NIS in February 1996, and there is significant progress underway in such areas as land registration, energy and banking reform.
		Armenia has about 650,000 telephones; average telephone density is 17.7 per 100 persons; international connections to other former republics of the USSR are by landline or microwave, and to other countries by satellite and by leased connection through the Moscow international gateway switch.
	www.arminco.com /Armenia/CCG/chapter1-2.html (2185 words)

	Economy - Armenia - Asia
		Armenia is slowly recovering from natural and human-caused calamities that beset it during the late 1980s and early 1990s.
		A prolonged war in Nagorno-Karabakh, which involved Armenia, led to blockades of the country’s chief trade routes.
		Armenia was less economically prepared for independence than most of the former republics of the Soviet Union.
	www.countriesquest.com /asia/armenia/economy.htm (257 words)

	Discover Armenia
		Armenia - acknowledged as one of the cradles of civilization - is a beautiful country with a sophisticated people and a long and cultured history.
		Tourism in Armenia is rooted in the country's historical landmarks and natural attractions such as the water resorts of Lake Sevan,the hot springs of Arzni and Jermuk, the forests of Dilijan, Aghveran, Tsaghkadzor, Bjurakan and Gugark, and the mountainous natural caves and cliffs of the Southeast region.
		Armenia is located in the southern Caucasus and is the smallest of the former Soviet republics.
	www.armeniaemb.org /DiscoverArmenia/Index.htm (2142 words)

	Armenia-History, Facts, Armenian Alphabet
		The first indications of Armenia can be traces in Sumerian cuneiform inscriptions dating back to 3rd millennium B.C., and the Hittites testify the existence of a country called Hayasa which is believed to be the cradle of Armenians.
		In 1828 the Turkmencha Accord came to finally unify Eastern Armenia with Russia, and in the result of the 1877-1878 Russo-Turkish war the Western Armenian marz of Kars was unified with Russia as well.
		Economy of Armenia-overview: Under the old Soviet central planning system, Armenia had developed a modern industrial sector, supplying machine tools, textiles, and other manufactured goods to sister republics in exchange for raw materials and energy.
	www.visitarm.com /aboutarmenia.html (2107 words)

	BEFORE \| Economy \| Armenia Travel \| TourArmenia \| Travel Guide to Armenia
		Armenia was heavily dependent on the former Soviet Union for its trade.
		With Perestroika, the command economy began to dissolve.
		The total collapse of the economy came with the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991.
	www.tacentral.com /economy.asp?story_no=2 (567 words)

	Armenia: Questions over Diaspora Millions - Armenia Diaspora Conference Official Site
		But a debate is underway in Armenia about whether the diaspora money is being put to good use and whether expatriate Armenians should be relied upon to support the economy to such an extent.
		Romik Manukian, governor of the northern Shirak Region, agreed that construction is by far Armenia's greatest priority at the moment, and praised Lincy for building long-awaited quality housing for families made homeless by the Spitak quake.
		He argued that the Armenian economy needed a good legislative framework and investor climate to foster smaller businesses, "Then our economy will no longer be dependent on one big source of funding, and our compatriots abroad will give money not out of charity but from commercial considerations.
	www.armeniadiaspora.com /js/031110diasp.html (921 words)

	Armenia Economy Profile 2006
		Armenia is a food importer, and its mineral deposits (copper, gold, bauxite) are small.
		The chronic energy shortages Armenia suffered in the early and mid-1990s have been offset by the energy supplied by one of its nuclear power plants at Metsamor.
		Armenia's severe trade imbalance has been offset somewhat by international aid, remittances from Armenians working abroad, and foreign direct investment.
	www.indexmundi.com /armenia/economy_profile.html (456 words)

	USAID: Armenia
		Since its independence, Armenia has emerged as a strategically important republic in the Caucasus, whose progress towards a democratic political order and free market economy is critical to U.S. interests in the region.
		Armenia's economic transition has been hampered by the legacy of central planning, severe economic shocks arising from the collapse of the Soviet Union, and limited will on the part of national decision makers to undertake critical reforms to restructure and privatize the economy.
		While the Parliamentary and local elections in the spring and fall of 1999 were considered to be the most free and fair conducted in Armenia thus far, the shortcomings of previous elections and perceptions of widespread government corruption undermine public confidence in the political process.
	www.usaid.gov /pubs/bj2001/ee/am/index.html (1405 words)

	USAID: Armenia
		The most problematic aspect of Armenia's debt situation relates to the $118 million owed to Russia, which has led to conjecture that the debt might be paid via energy sector asset swaps, which could undermine the long-term commercial viability of the sector, as well as Armenia's energy security.
		Despite the obstacles that it faces, Armenia's skilled and educated workforce (e.g., 99% literacy and 22.8% higher education), strong national identity, and political and financial support from the Armenian Diaspora are assets that can facilitate economic growth and democratic development.
		Armenia has made substantial progress toward creating a viable private sector through such policies as early privatization of agricultural land, housing, shops and restaurants; employee buy-outs of small enterprises; and privatization of larger enterprises through cash sales.
	www.usaid.gov /pubs/cbj2002/ee/am (1418 words)

	ARMENIA economy
		Concerns about Armenia’s economy have continued since 1997 with a slowdown of growth and the serious impact of the 1998 financial crisis in Russia.
		Since the implosion of the USSR in December 1991, Armenia has switched to small-scale agriculture away from the large agro-industrial complexes of the Soviet era.
		Armenia's severe trade imbalance, importing three times its exports, has been offset somewhat by international aid, domestic restructuring of the economy, and foreign direct investment.
	www.eastwest.be /armenia.html (396 words)

	Armenia - Economy
		Under the old Soviet central planning system, Armenia had developed a modern industrial sector, supplying machine tools, textiles, and other manufactured goods to sister republics in exchange for raw materials and energy.
		Since the implosion of the USSR in December 1991, Armenia has switched to small-scale agriculture away from the large agroindustrial complexes of the Soviet era.
		Armenia also has managed to slash inflation, stabilize the local currency (the dram), and privatize most small- and medium-sized enterprises.
	www.classbrain.com /art_cr/publish/printer_armenia_economy.shtml (396 words)

	Economy of Armenia - Tourist Guide: Tourism Armenia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Since the implosion of the USSR in December 1991, Armenia has switched to small-scale agriculture away from the large agro industrial complexes of the Soviet area.
		Armenia also managed to slash inflation and to privatize most small- and medium-sized enterprises.
		The chronic energy shortages Armenia suffered in recent years have been largely offset by the energy supplied by one of its nuclear power plants at Metsamor.
	www.tourismarmenia.net /economy.html (236 words)

	Armenia - Postcommunist Economic Reform
		Armenia was admitted to the International Monetary Fund in May 1992 and to the World Bank in September.
		A year later, the government complained that those organizations were holding back financial assistance and announced its intention to move toward fuller price liberalization and the removal of all tariffs, quotas, and restrictions on foreign trade.
		Although privatization had slowed because of the catastrophic collapse of the economy, Prime Minister Hrant Bagratian informed United States officials in the fall of 1993 that plans had been made to embark on a renewed privatization program by the end of the year.
	countrystudies.us /armenia/39.htm (540 words)

	Armenia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		We believe that the UN activities in social and economic fields should focus more on the specific requirements of countries with economies-in-transition to facilitate their integration into the world economic space by overcoming unavoidable obstacles inherent in the transitional period.
		And what is the most difficult, Armenia must do all those things at the same time for they are all, in fact, interdependent.
		The period of economic transition in Armenia was characterized by the collapse in trade with Central European and former Soviet Republics followed by a drastic fall in production, a high rate of inflation and the erosion of incomes and purchasing power.
	www.un.org /socialsummit/speeches/286armenia.htm (1507 words)

	Economy Of Armenia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		If you would like to use this flag of Armenia or any other on your website you are welcome to do so, all we ask is that you include a link back to our site on the same page.
		If you would like to use this map of Armenia or any other on your website you are welcome to do so, all we ask is that you include a link back to our site on the same page.
		If you would like to use this information for Armenia or any other on your website you are welcome to do so, all we ask is that you include a link back to our site on the same page.
	www.appliedlanguage.com /country_guides/armenia_country_economy.shtml (580 words)

	Armenia's Economy Advances, Official Says
		Armenia is on the move to a better economy, but more work needs to be done, said the U.S. ambassador to Armenia.
		With the collapse of the Soviet Union and a debilitating economy, many fled to Russia and others emigrated to the United States and Western Europe.
		More than one million of Armenia's roughly 3 million residents left the nation when it gained its independence in 1991.
	www.atgusa.org /News.47/current_category.25/news_detail.html (484 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Armenia, once having multifarious economy, was one of the leading countries in the former USSR.
		However, despite the advanced economy, Armenia had to face a number of serious problems, such as the neglected field of environmental protection and the rational use and allocation of productive resources.
		Despite all the mentioned problem areas that existed prior to the collapse of the Soviet Union, the economy of Armenia developed in a sustainable way.
	www.aua.am /aua/research/ecrc/SoEnew/english/countrv/economy.htm (418 words)

	Armenia Tree Project - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Based in Watertown and Yerevan, ATP conducts vitally important environmental projects in Armenia’s impoverished and deforested zones and seeks support in advancing its reforestation mission.
		ATP works to further Armenia’s economic and social development by mobilizing resources to fund reforestation.
		After 12 years of improving the lives and landscape of Armenia, ATP has concluded that planting trees is not enough.
	www.armeniatree.org (214 words)

	Ministry of Foreign Affairs of The Republic of Armenia Official Site
		The Conference discussed prospects of Armenia’s economic growth and development, the country’s macroeconomic policies, poverty level and income distribution, reforms in the healthcare and social security sectors, services provided by public and private sectors, Armenia’s foreign trade and regional cooperation issues and Armenia-Diaspora economic cooperation.
		Armenia’s Ambassador to the US H.E. Arman Kirakossyan, AIPRG Executive Director David Grigoryan, President of the American University of Armenia Harutyun Armenyan welcomed the Conference participants in their opening remarks.
		The keynote address was delivered by Chief Economic Advisor to the President of Armenia Vahram Nercissiantz who introduced Armenia’s current economic and political developments, reflected on causes of certain drawbacks in the country’s economic performance and solutions proposed to overcome these problems.
	www.armeniaforeignministry.com /pr_05/050125_economy.html (236 words)

	THE ECONOMY IN ARMENIA \| Economy \| Armenia Travel \| TourArmenia \| Travel Guide to Armenia
		Armenia used to be the richest republic of the USSR.
		Since the collapse of the USSR in December 1991 and the ongoing conflict with Azerbaijan over Nagorno-Karabakh, Armenia has been in a severe economic decline with small percentages of growth in select sectors, mainly restricted to Yerevan.
		Since 1991, Armenia has also switched to small-scale farming away from the behemoth agricultural complexes of the Soviet era.
	www.tacentral.com /economy.asp (388 words)

	Armenia Economy
		It has established a Ministry of Nature Protection and has introduced a pollution fee system by which taxes are levied on air and water emissions and solid waste disposal, with the resulting revenues used for environmental protection activities.
		Armenia does not have a bilateral taxation treaty with the U.S. The 1994 Law on Foreign Investment governs all direct investments in Armenia, including those from the U.S. Approximately 70 U.S.-owned firms currently do business in Armenia, including such multinationals as Procter and Gamble, MandM-Mars, Xerox, Dell, and IBM.
		Armenia has embarked upon an ambitious reform program, which has allowed a gradual transition from humanitarian aid toward more developmental assistance.
	www.traveldocs.com /am/economy.htm (1120 words)

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