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Topic: Economy of Poland

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	Poland - Economy
		Poland's pace of growth has declined since 1998, as the economy has been buffeted by the effects of the Russian financial crisis and then the global economic slowdown since 2001.
		The major problems facing the economy are unemployment—which after decreasing for several years increased to 13% in 1999, to 15%in 2000 to 16% in 2001 to 17% in 2002—and persistently high fiscal deficits.
		Poland should become a member of the EU in 2004, although economists estimate that it will take decades for per capita average income in Poland to reach the EU average.
	www.nationsencyclopedia.com /Europe/Poland-ECONOMY.html (656 words)

	Poland Economy
		Poland's top national security goal is to further integrate with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and other west European defense, economic, and political institutions via a modernization and reorganization of its military.
		Poland maintains a sizable armed force currently numbering about 140,572 troops divided among an army of 87,877, an air and defense force of 31,147, and a navy of 21,548.
		Poland continues to be a regional leader in support and participation in the NATO Partnership for Peace Program and has actively engaged most of its neighbors and other regional actors to build stable foundations for future European security arrangements.
	www.traveldocs.com /pl/economy.htm (1575 words)

	Poland -> Economy on Encyclopedia.com 2002 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Poland is relatively rich in natural resources; the chief minerals produced are coal, sulfur, copper, lead, and zinc.
		The situation later stabilized, however, and during the 1990s Poland's economy was the fastest growing in E Europe.
		Mixed marriages in migration from the Ukraine to Poland.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/section/Poland_Economy.asp (698 words)

	Economy of Poland -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: )
		However, Poland is the leading producer in Europe of potatoes and rye and is one of the world's largest producers of sugar beets.
		Poland also is a significant producer of rapeseed, grains, hogs, and cattle.
		Poland was the first former centrally planned economy in central Europe to end its recession and return to growth in the early 1990s.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/e/ec/economy_of_poland.htm (1511 words)

	Economy - Poland - Europe
		The restructuring of the Polish economy led to massive layoffs of workers and a rapid rise in unemployment.
		Poland is a member of a number of international economic organizations, including the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (World Bank), the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD), the World Trade Organization (WTO), and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD).
		Poland became an associate member of the European Union (EU) in 1994, and in December 1997 it was invited to become a full member.
	www.countriesquest.com /europe/poland/economy.htm (489 words)

	Poland - Economy
		Poland has steadfastly pursued a policy of economic liberalization throughout the 1990s and today stands out as a success story among transition economies.
		Poland joined the EU in May 2004, and surging exports to the EU contributed to Poland's strong growth in 2004, though its competitiveness could be threatened by the zloty's appreciation.
		Poland stands to benefit from nearly $13.5 billion in EU funds, available through 2006.
	www.exxun.com /Poland/e_ec.html (662 words)

	MapZones.com : Poland Economy
		From the mid-1970s the Polish economy experienced limited growth, largely as a result of an antiquated industrial infrastructure, government subsidies that masked inefficient production, and wages that were artificially high relative to the standard of living.
		With the fall of communism and the demise of Comecon, the Polish economy became increasingly involved with the market-oriented global economy, for which it was ill-suited.
		Poland has steadfastly pursued a policy of liberalizing the economy and today stands out as one of the most successful and open transition economies.
	www.mapzones.com /world/europe/poland/economyindex.php (482 words)

	Performance of Poland's economy (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Poland's economy aligns rapidly with economies of the European Union Member States, which today account for over 2/3 of its foreign trade.
		In 1999 Poland's economy performed well and the results obtained may be considered as a continuation of a high growth trend noted in the consecutive years and — what deserves attention — despite a weakened economic growth in the world economy and in the Western European countries.
		It is important that people will continue to be a valuable asset to Poland's economy — both the employees and employers — applying new technologies and increasing their production and investment, thus providing for increased revenues of the state budget, local budgets and a further improvement of the standard of living.
	www.eubfn.com /arts/poland3.htm (1312 words)

	Poland - THE ECONOMY UNDER COMMUNISM
		The institutional framework of the centrally planned economy was able to insulate it to some extent from the impact of world economic trends.
		Poland's extensive interwar commercial links with Western Europe were reduced, and some important prewar markets were lost as trade with the Soviet Union expanded rapidly.
		For Poland this trade was based mainly on export of coal and manufactured goods primarily from the rapidly growing heavy industries.
	countrystudies.us /poland/49.htm (1112 words)

	European Commission - Economic and Financial Affairs - - The economy of Poland
		Poland is the largest of the ten mainly Central and Eastern European countries that joined the EU in May 2004.
		Under communism, Poland was an important center for steel, coal and shipbuilding amid an abundance of raw materials and of skilled and unskilled labour.
		Poland faces an important macroeconomic challenge to reduce the general government deficit and reorient the composition of public spending to foster economic growth and employment.
	ec.europa.eu /economy_finance/een/006/article_5209_en.htm (1284 words)

	Marine economy
		Poland’s marine economy includes those sectors of the marine economy sector exploiting Poland’s location on the Baltic Sea.
		Poland stands in sixth place in the world in terms of the tonnage of ships built.
		In Poland’s ports logistics-distribution centers are sprouting up, increasing the attractiveness of the ports and making them places for intensive investment and economic activity.
	business.poland.com /economy-in-poland/marine-economy (616 words)

	Poland the Economy
		POLAND'S ECONOMIC GROWTH was favored by relatively rich natural resources for both agriculture and industry.
		Poland's abundant agricultural resources remained largely in private hands during the communist period, but the state strongly influenced that sector through taxes, controls on materials, and limits on the size of private plots.
		The Polish economy also was isolated from the international economy by the postwar nationalization of foreign trade.
	www.country-studies.com /poland/the-economy.html (535 words)

	The Economic History and Economy of Poland
		The Communist Party of Poland is dissolved and reorganized as the Social Democracy of the Republic of Poland Party (SDRP).
		Poland is the meeeting grounds for the Russian east and the German west, but is also the meeting grounds for the Scandinavian north with the countries of Central Europe such as the Czech Republic and Hungary.
		Poland in the early 1990's had 9,000 companies which the reformers sought to privatize.
	www.sjsu.edu /faculty/watkins/poland2.htm (695 words)

	Poland - The Economy
		POLAND'S ECONOMIC GROWTH was favored by relatively rich natural resources for both agriculture and industry.
		Poland's abundant agricultural resources remained largely in private hands during the communist period, but the state strongly influenced that sector through taxes, controls on materials, and limits on the size of private plots.
		The Polish economy also was isolated from the international economy by the postwar nationalization of foreign trade.
	countrystudies.us /poland/47.htm (546 words)

	Poland: Economy - K12 Academics
		Since its return to democracy, Poland has steadfastly pursued a policy of liberalizing the economy and today stands out as one of the most successful and open examples of the transition from a partially state-capitalist market economy to a primarily privately owned market economy.
		Poland has a large agricultural sector of private farms, that could be a leading producer of food in the European Union now that Poland is a member.
		For now, Poland is preparing to make the Euro its official currency (though it has not joined the ERM yet), and the Złoty will eventually be abolished from the Polish economy.
	www.k12academics.com /poland_economy.htm (466 words)

	Economy Of Poland
		Poland has steadfastly pursued a policy of economic liberalization throughout the 1990s and today stands out as a success story among transition economies.
		Poland's agricultural sector remains handicapped by structural problems, surplus labor, inefficient small farms, and lack of investment.
		Further progress in public finance depends mainly on privatization of Poland's remaining state sector, the reduction of state employment, and an overhaul of the tax code to incorporate the growing gray economy and farmers, most of whom pay no tax.
	www.appliedlanguage.com /country_guides/poland_country_economy.shtml (536 words)

	Polish economy still driven by coal — EUbusiness - EU business, legal and financial news and information - ...
		Mining drives the economy of Poland, fuelling its power stations and providing major export earnings for the country, which is the European Union's top coal producer.
		Poland's miners dug 98 million tonnes of coal in 2005, supplying 57 percent of the EU total and outstripping their counterparts in Germany, Britain and Spain.
		"Poland's electrical energy will be coal-produced for years to come, in particular because the EU is planning to double its energy consumption over the next three decades," he told AFP.
	www.eubusiness.com /Energy/061122141915.gw7oyyg2 (526 words)

	Economy of Poland
		Poland is considered one of the most successful examples of the transition from communism to market economy.
		Poland is the leading exporter of apple concentrate and is among the world’s leading producers of berries, cabbage and carrot.
		Poland has agreed to adopt the entire acqui communautaire, however some laws and regulations require a step-by-step approach and the date of their full implementation has been set after the accession.
	www.kmm-language.com /poland_00000a.htm (1248 words)

	GeographyIQ - World Atlas - Europe - Poland - Economy
		Poland graduated from U.S Agency for International Development (USAID) assistance in 2000 and paid the balance of its U.S.-held Paris Club debt in 2005.
		Poland, a member of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and European Union, applies the EU?s common external tariff to goods from other countries--including the U.S. In the year after it joined the EU, Poland experienced an overall growth in exports of 30%.
		Poland?s trade balance continued to improve, with export growth significantly outpacing import growth.
	www.geographyiq.com /countries/pl/Poland_economy_summary.htm (1296 words)

	Economy of Poland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This article discusses the economy of the current Poland, post-1989.
		Economy of the People's Republic of Poland (1945-1989)
		Poland entered the European Union on 1 May 2004.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Economy_of_Poland (1495 words)

	Introducing Euro Helps Strengthen Polish Economy \| Business \| Deutsche Welle \| 24.05.2004
		Now that Poland is a member of the EU, the country is looking ahead to the future.
		Poland also has a specific demographic problem, different from that in Germany (where the working population is aging).
		The future of the draft constitution for the EU largely depends on how Poland responds to compromise suggestions on the issue of voting rights, but the Polish government says compromise won't be easy.
	www.dw-world.de /english/0,3367,1431_A_1212230_1_A,00.html (717 words)

	Modernising Poland's knowledge based economy (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Poland is facing problems in creating a modern knowledge based economy.
		That is an economy in which wealth is created through production, distribution and use of knowledge.
		Visit The Poland Library at www.masterpage.com.pl/outlook/ and for more information about Poland in general, visit www.masterpage.com.pl.
	www.masterpage.com.pl /outlook/modernizingknowledgebase_ice.html (760 words)

	Economy (from Poland) -- Britannica Student Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		One of the largest of the countries of eastern Europe, Poland was the first of these countries to liberate its government from the Communist domination endured for 45 years.
		It was the relegalization of the trade union Solidarity and the agreement to hold partially free parliamentary elections that appeared to have opened the floodgates of radical reforms that spilled...
		Poland's air force was destroyed on the ground.
	www.britannica.com /ebi/article-206726?tocId=206726 (813 words)

	Poland - Economy
		The privatization of small and medium state-owned companies and a liberal law on establishing new firms has encouraged the development of the private business sector, but legal and bureaucratic obstacles alongside persistent corruption are hampering its further development.
		Poland's agricultural sector remains handicapped by structural problems, surplus labor, inefficient small farms, and lack of investment.
		Improving Poland's export competitiveness and containing the internal budget deficit are top priorities.
	www.aneki.com /economy/Poland_economy.html (405 words)

	Economy in Poland
		The introduction of democratic structures, the shift from a command economy to the free market and wide-ranging systemic reforms are all achievements of which Poles can be proud.
		During the period of transformation, the Polish economy was still therefore in an awful state and radical reform was selected as the only solution to save it.
		To this end all main political forces in Poland are agreed, although there are differences, of course, on how to achieve it.
	business.poland.com /economy-in-poland (540 words)

	InsidePoland - country portal and web site directories for Poland
		Simona Gioli of Italy spikes the ball against Poland during the sixth round match at FIVB Volleyball World Cup 2007 in Sapporo, Hokkaido Prefecture, northern Japan, Nov. 9, 2007.
		WARSAW, Poland: Poland's President Lech Kaczynski on Friday is to officially empower Donald Tusk, the head of the party that won last month's general election.
		Poland gained its independence in 1918 only to be overrun by Germany and the Soviet Union in World War II.
	www.insidepoland.com (593 words)

	Poland, a new emerging economy
		The economy in Poland has ground to a halt, GDP is growing at 0.3% per year as of the last quarter of 2001.
		Poland and the European Union were on 21st March set to close long-running negotiations on a key part of Poland's planned accession to the EU, the Financial Times reported.
		Poland lags behind most other first-wave candidates in the number of negotiating chapters closed and, like other candidates, faces a year-end deadline if it hopes to join in 2004.
	www.newnations.com /archive/2002/May/pl.html (4142 words)

	Poland's economy grew 5.8% in 2006, preliminary data shows - USATODAY.com
		Poland's economy grew 5.8% in 2006, preliminary data shows
		WARSAW (AP) — Poland's gross domestic product grew 5.8% in 2006, up from 3.5% in 2005, according to preliminary government figures issued Monday.
		Poland's strong economic growth in 2006 — highest in nine years — resulted from increased consumer spending and rising exports.
	www.usatoday.com /money/world/2007-01-29-poland-gdp_x.htm (130 words)

	AllRefer.com - Poland : Economy, Poland (Polish Political Geography) - Encyclopedia
		AllRefer.com - Poland : Economy, Poland (Polish Political Geography) - Encyclopedia
		Agriculture is mostly privately run and was so even during the Communist years.
		Industry, which had been state controlled, began to be privatized in the early 1990s, although restructuring and privatization of the country's large coal, steel, and chemical industries has moved forward slowly, when it has progressed at all.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/P/Poland-economy.html (318 words)

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