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Topic: Ecotage

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	Ecotage Summary
		Ecotage is a portmanteau of the "eco-" prefix and "sabotage".
		The Earth Liberation Front claims that ecotage requires neither aggression nor any direct confrontation with police, politicians, or other authority, as the actions are carried out in secret and at times of day where the risk to life is nil.
		According to its detractors, the reverence for life professed by those who perform ecotage is not reflected in their disregard for property rights or willingness to risk the lives and safety of humans to make a political point.
	www.bookrags.com /Ecotage (604 words)

	Ecotage
		Ecotage is sabotage motivated by a desire or need to protect ecological integrity, including the prevention of ecocide.
		Ecotage is also referred to as ecodefense or monkeywrenching.
		Some forms of ecotage can be excellent ways to draw media attention to ecological destruction in progress, but the publicity might backfire upon the saboteurs.
	www.teachersparadise.com /ency/en/wikipedia/e/ec/ecotage.html (306 words)

	What is Ecotage?
		Ecotage is a term used to refer to direct action taken on behalf of the environment.
		Supporters of ecotage argue that it is a rapid and effective method for putting a stop to things like logging, whereas civil disobedience such as tree sitting and blocking logging roads is only a momentary roadblock.
		Ecotage is certainly illegal, and while not representative of the entire environmental movement, it can be used to tar peaceful and law abiding groups.
	www.wisegeek.com /what-is-ecotage.htm (443 words)

	Profile of an Ecoteur
		With ecotage, the aim is to vandalize one and raise expenses for ten thousand.
		The strategy and ideology behind ecotage has a number of sympathizers, but only a few people are directly inspired to cause real damage.
		Ecotage has become a fact of life since the early 1980s, and the problem is likely to continue.
	www.mackenzieinstitute.com /1999/1999_06_Ecotage_Profile.html (3058 words)

	Easton Town Center - Écotage Salon & Day Spa at Easton Town Center in Columbus, Ohio
		Ecotage full service spas and salons are committed to providing the
		From the moment you walk through our doors, our talented, highly trained and always helpful staff will make every effort to ensure that your visit is the most pleasant and satisfying it can be.
		This total body treatment begins with a gentle body brushing, sloughing away rough, dry and dull-looking skin.
	www.eastontowncenter.com /tenants/ecotage.cfm (234 words)

	The mentors - Access to Energy Newsletter Archive
		It is of course quite true that this type of "ecotage" is neither typical for the entire environmental movement nor of lasting im-portance.
		Ecotage is at its most efficient when practiced by the four branches of government, especially the one that is free of checks and balances, and to which the other three are subservient: the press.
		Although they mainly promote more damaging ecotage like anti-nuclear hysteria, fear of harmless chemicals, and other de-industrialization drives under the guise of environmental con-cern, the unchecked and unbalanced members of the Fourth Branch are not beyond encouraging the stormtroopers' and Econazis' petty crimes.
	www.accesstoenergy.com /view/atearchive/s76a5441.htm (642 words)

	Ecotage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		According to its detractors the reverence for expressed by those who perform ecotage is reflected in their disregard for property rights or willingness to risk the death humans to protect the environment.
		One counter-argument is that all species compete intensely with others of their own kind that to place any and all risks any life of those of one's own uniformly above that of all other life guarantees that extinction and ecocide not only continue but accelerate.
		Ecotage was popularized in the 1980s by Edward Abbey 's book The Monkey Wrench Gang.
	www.freeglossary.com /Ecotage (378 words)

	Radical Environmentalism: Part II - Features (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Some engaged in civil disobedience, by standing in front of bulldozers punching roads into pristine wilderness or by occupying old growth trees slated for cutting (a practice that came to be known as "tree-sitting").
		And a few carried out patently illegal acts of "ecotage" or "monkeywrenching" - vandalizing heavy equipment used to destroy wild areas, placing metal spikes in timber to damage saws in mills, and causing assorted other kinds of property damage intended to frustrate the plans of the resource industry to exploit the natural world.
		The beneficiaries, again, were the mainline environmental groups, who came to the table with a stronger hand knowing that their opponents were being hit in the pocketbook.
	www.thepolitic.org /news/2005/02/21/Features/Radical.Environmentalism.Part.Ii-862866.shtml (430 words)

	Ecotage: A Practical or Punishable Means of Environmental Activism?
		This form of activism, commonly referred to as ecotage, focuses precisely on the activities of companies and industries which seriously damage the environment.
		One common act of ecotage is the driving of long metal spikes vertically through the base of trees.
		Subsequently, as the logger attempts to saw the 'spiked' tree, the chain on the saw snaps, thus delaying the murder of the tree as well as causing a financial burden for the individual or company.
	darwin.bio.uci.edu /~sustain/global/sensem/jones297.htm (1376 words)

	seal, seals, seal hunt, Greenpeace, Sea Shepherd, Captain Paul Watson \| Paul Watson
		Divorced and the father of one daughter, Watson is also a founding member of Greenpeace in 1970; he went on to found his own organization in 1977, the Sea Shepherd Conservation Society, because the former wasn't sufficiently "non-violently aggressive" for his tastes: Unlike Greenpeace, Watson says he didn't just jump onto whaling ships for publicity.
		"Ecotage," Watson explains, "is, by definition,non-violent by nature because one life cannot be defended by the taking of another life.
		Ecotage is such an action, for the life of the sea is in imminent peril." He adds, "For the last 200 years, there has been a quickening of moral development.
	www.animalsvoice.com /PAGES/writes/editorial/profiles/watson_paul.html (1081 words)

	Environmental Activism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		They are not only acting out their rage, on the contrary, the theory and practice of ecotage are as well thought out as the politics of reform.
		Most Earth First!ers do not believe ecotage is a substitute for major social changes; rather, it is a stopgap measure - "damage control" - to protect as much of the natural world as possible until such change is brought about, one way or another.
		It tells us that society values property and the higher standard of living through technology over the natural world and any rights the natural world may be entitled to even though the majority of society on a personal level is sympathetic to the cause of radical environmentalists in theory.
	www.onlineessays.com /essays/issues/iss086.php (2551 words)

	The ethics of monkeywrenching
		Ecotage is the wilful destruction of property "to prevent ecological damage" [1] such as disabling bulldozers, digging up roads and spiking trees.
		Ecotage, he says, is not challenging property rights, just asking us what kind of property rights are compatible with justice for all beings.
		Indeed, when the Zimbabwean government enforce the protection from poachers of the endangered fl rhino with a "shoot to kill" policy, it is ecotage made legal.
	members.optusnet.com.au /~kkaoss/ethicsmonkeywrenching.htm (1036 words)

	Sublette Examiner
		Monkey wrenching, also known as ecotage, is the deliberate sabotaging or disruption of economic activities in the name of environmental protection.
		This year's ecotage events in the Big Piney area include the deliberate and repeated opening of allotment gates, allowing cattle movement into areas where the cattle are not permitted.
		The latest incident that appears to also be an ecotage incident was investigated by BLM officials on Tuesday when ranchers discovered that the bottom wire on the cattle driveway fence several miles north of the Cora junction had been systematically cut.
	www.sublette.com /examiner/v4n27/v4n27s2.htm (1012 words)

	Ecotage
		Nevertheless, if ecotage raises ethical questions for radical environmentalism, questions its critics are eager to explore and its advocates explain, it also raises questions about the environmental ethics-or lack thereof-held by society at large.
		In a very thoughtful discussion of ecotage, Steinhart explores its affinity with the American values of independence and fairness but concludes that it must not be condoned, since “one form of lawlessness tends to invite the other.”13 This is the most common argument mainstream environmentalists use to criticize ecotage, and it may indeed be true.
		Ecotage itself has arisen against a backdrop of illegal practices on the part of the resource industry and government agencies.
	sisyphus.gnn.tv /blogs/6532/Ecotage (2403 words)

	Ecotage Salon - Atlanta, GA, 30326-1163 - Citysearch
		Ecotage provides all the spa basics--facials, hot stone massage, body wraps--and a bevy of spa packages like the Rain Forest Murmur, which offers all the spa's wet treatments including a hydrotherapy soak and moisturizing wrap along with a spa manicure and a light spa lunch.
		Ecotage is a great way to experience spa services at not so expensive prices.
		It is a beautiful salon/spa with marble floors and a waterfall viewed from the escalator as you descend down to the lower level of Macy*s Department Store.
	www.citysearch.com /profile/35886058 (346 words)

	Terrorists Or Freedom Fighters
		and adopted “monkeywrenching” and “ecotage” as militant new tactics of struggle that by-passed the political system for powerful means of direct action.
		ecotage model was quickly adopted by a myriad of environment and animal rights groups around the world that fought against capitalist domination.
		ecotage approach and the anarchist model of political organization, the ALF is an underground, decentralized group dispersed across the entire nation.
	www.zianet.com /boje/voice/features/terrorists_or_freedom_fighters.htm (3225 words)

	Ecotage Groups in the Shadowrun World
		Sea Shepherd Conservation Society were spraying baby seals with dye to render them valueless to furriers, recording offenses and releasing them to the media, and even attacking rogue whaling ships and drift netters with ramming ships and submarines.
		James Froud is an Elven ecotage expert, a Bechtel engineer who ran off with a lot of expensive headware and a serious amount of attitude.
		Her crew are all fanatically loyal to her because of the occasional trips to visit the Meistersingers, Awakened humpback whales with long and fascinating songs to sing; they started out as interested in ecotage, and now feel a firm spiritual confidence in the rectitude of their actions.
	www.amurgsval.org /shadowrun/npcs/ecotage.html (728 words)

	How to Save the World
		Human creations are not included as a part of this biotic community, and most methods of ecotage in the environmental movement serve to protect wild areas from human expansion.
		The strongest criticism of this approach is also the strongest support for ecotage; it “condones sacrificing the good of individuals to the good of the whole,” which is indeed just what the movement is doing.
		I think that acts of ecotage are entirely justified and are, indeed, both necessary and effective, yet I cannot imagine myself being able to actually commit acts of ecotage.
	blogs.salon.com /0002007/2004/02/23.html (4132 words)

	Instructions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Ecotage was defined as “the branch of tactical biology that deals with the relationship between living organisms and their technology.
		Its description of the ecotage movement presaged Earth First: “The movement’s strength is that it is not formally organized and it cannot be stopped by elimination of key leaders.
		Though not rigidly structured, it is unified by a philosophy of respect for life.” This was the earliest ecoterror instruction manual and prototype for Dave Foreman’s similar 1985 manual, EcoDefense.
	www.cdfe.org /instructions.htm (418 words)

	Earth First! Journal :: :: Article Details (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Only when we heard that similar raids had occurred on the other side of the country, did we suspect that something truly sinister was afoot.
		Except for Thurston, all were charged with crimes related to numerous ecotage actions, most claimed by the Animal Liberation Front (ALF) or Earth Liberation Front (ELF).
		This indictment replaced all existing charges with a series of 65 separate counts, relating to 17 ecotage actions that occurred between 1996 and 2001.
	www.earthfirstjournal.org /articles.php?a=894 (1274 words)

	ECOTAGE Salon & Spa Employment Opportunities
		Ecotage Salon and Spa, the place to relax and reconnect, is now looking for professional stylists, nail technicians, massage therapists, estheticians and client specialists to join our winning team.
		Work in a state of the art salon and spa offering exceptional services with a commitment to extraordinary client care and a professionally educated team.
		With more than 400 department stores in 33 states, Federated Ecotage Salon Spas offer the best benefits and the security of working with a large growing company.
	www.ecotagesalon.com /employment.html (106 words)

	Review: Ecotage
		Ecotage is a compilation of suggestions for taking the law into your own hands and punishing polluters to deter them from continuing the destruction of our environment.
		Suppose they decide that fat, ugly old ladies are offensive and use up too many natural resources that could be better used for giving life to flowers and trees.
		Reading the imaginative and sadistic punishments proposed in this book is almost enough to make me glad that the government maintains a monopoly on punishment and protects us from these would-be vigilantes.
	royhalliday.home.mindspring.com /ecotage.htm (620 words)

	Northern Express
		When the Earth Liberation Front (ELF) claimed responsibility for leaving fire bomb devices at the Ice Mountain Spring Water bottling plant in Mecosta County on Sept. 21, investigators found few tracks to follow.
		Some members vowed they would carry on with ecotage and "monkey wrenching" tactics to destroy targets ranging from luxury homes to ski resorts.
		leader Judi Bari urged members in the U.S. to give up ecotage in order to gain mainstream acceptance of the group, but by then, the ELF offshoot was already gaining a foothold here.
	www.northernexpress.com /editorial/features.asp?id=160 (1249 words)

	Review of Kim Stanley Robinson's Antarctica
		These three characters meet near the beginning of the novel, separate for a while as their jobs take them in different directions, and then are thrown together by some radical sabotage (or ecotage as the perpetrators like to call it).
		A nameless character (not to be confused with X) becomes part of the ecotage movement.
		Robinson does not condone sabotage or ecotage in any way, but the rationale for the ecotage has an element of truth in it.
	www.challengingdestiny.com /reviews/antarctica.htm (1013 words)

	environmental ethics third paper (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		There are two extralegal strategies employed for environmental protection: civil disobedience strategies and “ecoterrorism”; (also called “ecosabotage” or “ecotage”).
		Civil disobedience means choosing to disobey the law on moral grounds as a means of protesting or thwarting government policy.
		Write an essay on the ethics of ecotage, considering particularly the moral justification of such violence in order to protect nonhuman life (or even nonlife—the ecosystem, the environment in general).
	www.carroll.edu /~msmillie/envethics/ass03.htm (571 words)

	About Trind Cosmetics - Europe's Best Nail Repair System Now in Canada
		It is found in the finest perfumeries from St. Tropez to the Champs Elyseé in Paris, and from Stockholm to Milano.
		Trind is now fast achieving the same status in the United States, having been selected by the spas of Saks 5th Avenue, Dillards, Lazarus Ecotage and Bliss.
		News of Trind is spreading like wild fire as women everywhere share their stories about the incredible results Trind achieves!
	www.trind.ca /about (1145 words)

	ColumbusUnderground.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Lots of places offer them, but I found the most reasonably priced one to be at Ecotage Salon and Day Spa at Lazarus at Easton.
		Ecotage offers a Hot Stone Massage for about $75 an hour plus tip.
		That is the best price I found for this wonderful experience and it is completely worth every penny.
	www.columbusunderground.com /articles/hotstonemassage.html (313 words)

	Green Theory and Praxis
		The author applies John Rawl's "just war" theory to discern the difference between terrorism, ecotage, and civil disobedience.
		It is a very well-written and articulate article that is quite accessible to those who haven't studied Rawlsian philosophy before.
		He also extends his analysis of ecotage to delineate the situations in which ecotage is justifiable, and not.
	greentheoryandpraxis.csufresno.edu /main.asp?goto=viewComments.asp&rid=1&ct=3 (87 words)

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