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Topic: Eddy current

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	Eddy Current
		In the Aether Physics Model, eddy current is a unit of measurement equal to the unit of magnetic flux squared
		The interpretation of this experiment is that the eddy current is a result of the angular momentum of the atoms within the magnetic field times the resistance of the atoms within the magnetic field.
		The current produced is within each atom and not within the macro structure of the atom (copper tube in this case,) at least not under normal conditions.
	www.16pi2.com /eddy_currents.htm (956 words)

	Eddy current - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		An eddy current (also known as Foucault current) phenomenon discovered by a French physicist Léon Foucault in 1851, is caused by a moving magnetic field intersecting a conductor or vice-versa.
		Eddy currents are also the root cause of skin effect in conductors carrying AC current.
		Eddy currents are used for braking at the end of some roller coasters; this mechanism has no mechanical wear, and produces a very precise braking force.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Eddy_current (418 words)

	eFunda: Theory to Eddy Current Transducers
		An eddy current is a local electric current induced in a conductive material by the magnetic field produced by the active coil.
		The eddy currents are confined to shallow depths near the conductive target surface.
		This is because the transducer assumes that the eddy currents are localized near the surface of a semi-infinite solid, and the actual eddy current amplitude decreases quadratically with distance.
	www.efunda.com /designstandards/sensors/eddy_current/eddy_theory.cfm (245 words)

	Eddy Current, NDT, electromagnetic equipment (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		In eddy current testing, one of several electromagnetic testing methods, electrical currents are generated in a conductive material by an induced magnetic field.
		Eddy current, two types of bond testing, plus conductivity and coating thickness measurement are all combined in one compact handheld tester.
		The eddy current excitation is contained in the Imager and the control unit has a frequency range of 1.5 kHz to 100 kHz, which corresponds to a depth of penetration in aluminum of approximately.12" to.012" respectively.
	www.4ndtnsi.com /eddy_current.htm (1300 words)

	EDDY CURRENT TUBE ANALYSIS
		Now, with eddy current analysis, all manner of tube defects are detectable in heat exchangers with similar accuracy as the mills experience when testing new tubes for minute flaws.
		An alternating current of 2 Hz to 300 Hz is applied to the primary coil and generates a magnetic field.
		The induced eddy current themselves set up a secondary magnetic field which is counter to that established by the probe.
	www.ccs-tubes.com /eddy_current_tube_analysis.htm (1270 words)

	Eddy Currents Demo (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The purpose of this experiment is to observe the resisting force of the eddy current that appears in the disk to oppose the motion.
		In the case of the eddy current brake, a rotating disk has a magnetic field passing through it perpendicularly, but it is only strong in the area where the magnet is. The currents in that area experience a side thrust, which opposes the rotation of the disk.
		This interaction of field and current results in the "braking" of the disk, and thus the name "eddy current brake." The return currents close via parts of the disk where the field is weak, so there is a drag force only in the "generating" region.
	www.case.edu /artsci/phys/courses/demos/eddy.htm (471 words)

	Eddy Currents
		In the eddy current demonstrator, we do not have a uniform magnetic field B, nor a definite length of wire l with resistance R. Indeed, what we have is a field problem.
		Suppose the eddy currents to flow in two rings of 5 mm height and 15 mm diameter in the copper of thickness 0.5 mm, with the magnetic field B normal to the walls of the tube.
		The magnetic field produced by the eddy currents is at right angles to the magnet's field, distorting it to account for the forces between the tube and magnet, which we have accounted for in another way.
	www.du.edu /~jcalvert/phys/eddy.htm (927 words)

	Leak testers, eddy current testers and leak detection systems by Uson
		Eddy current testing (ECT) is one of the techniques used to perform ET inspections.
		The majority of the eddy current instruments in the field, including most of the equipment used for nuclear power plant inspections, are designed and built by Zetec.
		The eddy current testing technique is based on inducing electron flow (eddy currents) in electrically conductive material.
	www.uson.com /content/applications/eddy/ndt.php (1142 words)

	eddy current
		This causes eddy currents in the object to be detected.
		Object detection with ec (eddy current) method: The active detection sensor of the eddy current technology is generating an electromagnetic field.
		These eddy currents generate a secondary electromagnetic field which is detected and evaluated by the receiver sensor.
	www.foerstergroup.com /eddy_current.html (725 words)

	Principles of Eddy Current Testing
		The use of induced eddy currents as a means of evaluating the metallurgical characteristics of conductive materials has become increasingly important during the past few years not only to the inspector and to the nondestructive test engineer but also to the designer.
		In the simplest terms, then, the basic principle of induced eddy currents is merely the transformation of magnetic energy into electrical energy and the and the subsequent transformation of the electrical energy previously transformed from magnetic energy into electrical energy into magnetic energy which may subsequently be transformed into electrical energy.
		It operates on the extremely elemental assumption that the electrical currents induced by magnetic lines of force induced by electrical currents in the material or part being examined are measurably affected by the effects of physical and/or mechanical variations in, on, or adjacent to the material or part being examined.
	www.centurionndt.com /eddyarticle.htm (1739 words)

	Eddy Current Transducer Installation
		Eddy currents are generated in the surface of the shaft.
		A single Eddy Current transducer for thrust position measurement should only be used when the monitoring system is not required to shutdown the machine, and other means are available to verify thrust failure.
		The Eddy Current Transducer and monitoring system are then gapped and calibrated to read zero (0) when the thrust collar is in the center of the float zone.
	www.reliabilitydirect.com /appnotes/thrustposition.html (2050 words)

	Introduction to eddy Current Technology, Page 2
		Eddy current testing has its origins with Michael Faradays discovery of electromagnetic induction in 1831.
		If an AC current flows though an inductor the voltage across the inductor will be a maximum when the rate of change of current is greatest.
		The current though both elements must be the same, and at any instant the total voltage across the circuit is the sum of the values across the elements, however the maximum voltage across the resistance coincides with zero voltage across the inductor and vice versa.
	joe.buckley.net /papers/eddyc/ectek2.htm (607 words)

	Eddy Current Separators
		One of the more recent and exciting innovations in material separation is the non-ferrous Eddy Current Separator and how it is revolutionizing efforts to reduce waste and damage to the environment by recovering valuable non-ferrous metals from municipal and industrial refuse.
		The Eddy Current Separator is able to separate and recover aluminum and other non-ferrous metals from household, industrial and incinerated waste, including inert plastics and other materials.
		This eddy current reacts with different metals, according to their specific mass and resistivity, creating a repelling force on the charged particle.
	www.globalmagnetics.com /link7.html (474 words)

	What are eddy currents and how do eddy current brakes work?
		Because of the tendency of eddy currents to oppose, eddy currents cause energy to be lost.
		During braking, the metal wheels are exposed to a magnetic field from an electromagnet, generating eddy currents in the wheels.
		Eddy currents actually do play a part in things like transformers, which is why transformers are usually made of laminated cores that prevent eddy currents.
	www.physlink.com /Education/AskExperts/ae527.cfm (1554 words)

	Eddy Current test (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Also, in the eddy current system electrical-loading changes caused variation in the part being tested, such as those caused by presence of flaws or dimensional changes are monitored by electronic circuits.
		This alternating current is called the exciting current, causes eddy currents to flow in the part as a result of electromagnetic induction.
		The flow of eddy currents in the part depends on the electrical characteristics of the part, the presence or absence of flaws or other discontinuities in the part, and the total electromagnetic field within the part.
	sudantech.freeservers.com /seminar7.htm (710 words)

	Eddy Current Braking - Advanced Physics Forums
		eddy current braking however is a swirling current set up in a conductor in response to a changing magnetic field.
		So, if we disconnect the current source of the motor, and put the motor in Generator mode by putting it in a magnetic field, it will generate current, and that will be feed into the current source.
		It is a lossy breaking technique, where we slow down the motor by putting it into a magnetic field and inducing eddy current loops, and thereby loosing energy, as the energy is lost by resistive heating.
	www.advancedphysics.org /forum/showthread.php?p=6681 (672 words)

	Eddy Current UniWest
		Toggling images between eddy current, video and strip chart is done by turning a user-friendly knob on the front panel.
		The US-454M multi-channel eddy current instrument is used for component testing.
		A roller bearing inspection system using eddy current technology has a unique transport system that allows different diameter roller bearings to be inspected by quickly changing hoppers and chutes.
	www.uniwest.com (283 words)

	Eddy Current Technology Incorporated.
		Eddy Current Technology Incorporated was established 25 years ago in Canada.
		We produced the world's first portable, multi-frequency eddy current instrument that was complete with frequency channels, a mixer, and a CRT, all in one portable unit.
		Introducing the new ect 48 LT, a complete eddy current system in a laptop computer with all the features needed for modern, high speed eddy current heat exchanger tube inspections.
	www.eddy-current.com (309 words)

	Eddy Current Testing and Inspection Service - Magna Chek (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Eddy current testing is an electromagnetic technique and can only be used on conductive materials.
		The impedance of coil in close proximity to the specimen is effected by the presence of the induced eddy currents in the specimen.
		When the eddy currents in the specimen are distorted by the presence of the flaws or material variations, the impedance in the coil is altered.
	www.magnachek.com /eddycurrent.htm (168 words)

	Inductive Eddy Current Sensors,Force and Stress Measurement
		An eddy current sensor consists of a ferrite U-core and a coil.
		The developed eddy current sensors can be applied to the force and stress measurement of tensioned steel elements, the monitoring of pre-stressed bridge cables and concrete structures etc.
		The developed eddy current sensor array can be used for the measurement of residual stress of steel elements in the automobil industry and maschine building.
	www.bbautomacao.com /EddyCurrent.htm (535 words)

	Eddy Current
		The alternating current, called the exciting current causes Eddy Currents to flow in the test specimen as result of electromagnetic induction.
		Eddy Current inspection is a cost effective and reliable way to inspect equipment.
		Eddy Current Inspection is a safe method of testing that does not require any work to stoppage in the surrounding area.
	www.qslplus.com /eddy_current.htm (513 words)

	What is an Eddy Current?
		An eddy current is the current is induced in little swirls ("eddies") on a large conductor (picture a sheet of copper).
		An eddy current does the same thing, but instead of being forced in the path of the loop, it is allowed to travel in the "eddy" pattern that nature provides.
		Adding a magnetic field around a spinning piece of metal will cause eddy currents in that metal to create magnetic fields which will slow the object spinning down quickly as long as the magnetic is strong enough.
	www.physlink.com /Education/AskExperts/ae572.cfm (434 words)

	TAI Services, Inc. — Eddy Current
		Eddy current is an electromagnetic technique and is completely non-destructive.
		Inspections are performed by inserting an inspection probe down the full length of each tube being inspected and observing the eddy current response on the test instrument screen.
		Differential coil configuration consist of two narrow wound coils which produce an eddy current flow around the circumference of the tube in a narrow path.
	www.taiservices.com /serv01.htm (289 words)

	Non-Destructive Testing Eddy Current Testing of Components by Foerster
		The STATOGRAPH family of test instruments permits non-destructive eddy current testing for flaws (cracks, pores, shrinkholes, etc.) close to the surfaces of metallic components and small parts.
		From the economical eddy current module for Yes/No test decisions through to the multi-channel systems with comprehensive signal evaluation and statistical documentation, the STATOGRAPH group of instruments offers all possibilities for the integration of automatic testing equipment in customer- specific production processes.
		The part surface to be tested is examined by one or more eddy current probes.
	www.foerstergroup.com /eddycurrent/statograph.html (583 words)

	Eddy Currents Inspection
		The Nortec® 1700 Eddy Current Conductivity gauge measures conductivity on non-ferrous metals as well as measurement of non-conductive coating thickness.
		A semi-portable Eddy Current flaw detector for field or lab environments.
		Optimal performance in your eddy current test is insured by selecting the right type of probe and one that is meticulously made.
	www.envirocoustics.gr /products/eddy_current/eddy_current_eng.htm (392 words)

	Eddy Current Testing Automatic Sizing of Internal Pits
		The conclusion of the study was that in this case, the most accurate method of sizing these internal pits is to measure the vertical volts of the eddy current signal using a relatively low inspection frequency.
		The ect MAD 8D eddy current system was taken to the field for data acquisition and data analysis using the Analysis Software on 5/8 inch diameter 90-10 copper nickel tubes in service in a K C heater known to have an internal pitting problem.
		The ect MAD 8D eddy current system with ect Auto Analysis Software has been shown to analyze eddy current tube data reliably with no missed calls of defects over 20% of wall loss away from support plates and all defects over 28% of wall loss at support plates.
	www.eddy-current.com /autosize.htm (1574 words)

	eddy current, metal testing, ndt, non-destructive testing, component testing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Eddy current testing (ECT) and ultrasonic testing (UT) are two of the techniques used to perform ET inspections.
		Zetec has been the world leader in eddy current and ultrasonic testing technology for more than 35 years.
		Digital conductivity testing, also based on eddy current theory, provides both numerical conductivity measurements as well as nonconductive coating thickness measurement.
	www.zetec.com /resources/ndt_technologies.asp (1300 words)

	Eddy Current -- from Eric Weisstein's World of Physics
		An eddy current is a residual current which flows after time-varying electric E and magnetic fields B are removed.
		for slowly varying fields, where c is the speed of light, J is the current density, and
		The diffusion time for decay of the eddy current is therefore
	scienceworld.wolfram.com /physics/EddyCurrent.html (64 words)

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