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	EDESSA - LoveToKnow Article on EDESSA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Whether it was at Edessa that a Jewish translation of the Old Testament into Syriac was made,4 under the encouragement perhaps of the favor of the royal house of Adiabene (Josephus, Bell.
		It was at Edessa that Caracalla, who made it a military colony under the style of Colonia Marcia Edessenorum, spent the winter of 216217, and near there that he was murdered.
		A few years later Jacob Baradaeus, with Edessa as centre of his bishopric, was carrying on the propaganda of Monophysitism which wOn for the adherents of that creed the name of Jacobites (q.v.).
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /E/ED/EDESSA.htm (5116 words)

	edessa
		On the Euphrates, the population was comprised of the Armenian faction (Separated Church) of the Eastern Church.
		Edessa was restored to Baldwin ll by the fall of 1108.
		Baldwin ll took control of Edessa and made Geoffrey the Monk, commander of the Garrison, protector of the city till the fate of Joscelin could be determined.
	www.medievalcrusades.com /edessa.htm (909 words)

	The School of Edessa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Edessa is generally regarded as the birthplace of Syriac literature and philosophy.
		Beginning with St. Ephraim, Father of the Syrian church at Edessa in the fourth century and author of innumerable hymns, biblical commentaries, and political tracts, as well as a participant in the defense of Nisibis against Persian attack in 350, scholars at Edessa were constantly engaged in deflecting the heresies of Marcion and Mani.
		The importance and intellectual centrality of the School of Edessa is proved by the documentation preserved by its successor, the School of Nisibis.
	www.nestorian.org /the_school_of_edessa.html (1270 words)

	ipedia.com: Edessa Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		The name under which Edessa figures in cuneiform inscriptions is unknown; the native name was Osroe, after its purported founder (who was probably only legend), this being the Armenian form for Chosroes; it became in Syriac Ourhoï, in Armenian Ourhaï in Arabic Er Roha, commonly Orfa or Sanli Urfa, its present name.
		Among the illustrious disciples of the School of Edessa special mention is due to Bardesanes (154 - 222), a schoolfellow of Abgar IX, the originator of Christian religious poetry, whose teaching was continued by his son Harmonius and his disciples.
		Famous individuals connected with Edessa include: Jacob Baradaeus, the real chief of the Syrian Monophysites known after him as Jacobites; Stephen Bar Sudaïli, monk and pantheist, to whom was owing, in Palestine, the last crisis of Origenism in the sixth century; Jacob, Bishop of Edessa, a fertile writer (d.
	www.ipedia.com /edessa.html (1184 words)

	TARZI: Edessa in the Era of Patriarch Michael The Syrian (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		As of the seventh century and until the beginning of the thirteenth century, Edessa was ruled predominantly by men of alien stock, professing a faith alien to that of most of its inhabitants.
		The Crusaders, who had managed to maintain their hold on the immediate neighborhood of Edessa, met with the Atabeg of Mosul, Imad ul-din Zangi, an exponent of skill, resourcefulness and determination at the time when the ruler of Edessa was the ineffective Jocelyn the younger.
		A census published in 1908 by Ottoman authorities puts the population of Edessa and surroundings (the County of Edessa consisting of Edessa, Birejik, Qal‘at Rrum and Harran) in the vicinity of 72,000.
	syrcom.cua.edu /Hugoye/Vol3No2/HV3N2Tarzi.html (6140 words)

	The Ellada Site - Macedonia - Edessa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		In Edessa we find the chapel of Metam>rfosi (transfiguration) and the open air theater sitting 2500 people, used in the summer when the weather is warm and inviting.
		Edessa was the capital of the Kingdom of Macedonia.
		In addition, the Tzam- of Edessa which is now a Museum and the house of Men,laou Lou, after whom are named the yearly street fairs (held at the end of May) are also well worth seeing.
	www.ellada.com /maced01.html (553 words)

	EDESSA
		It is situated on a limestone ridge, an extension of the ancient Mount Masius in the Taurus mountains of southern Anatolia, where the east-west highway from Zeugma (in the vicinity of modern Birecik) on the Euphrates to the Tigris met the north-south route from Samosata (Somaysa@tá) to the Euphrates via Carrhae (H®arra@n).
		The fact that coins were minted at Edessa under Antiochus IV suggests a degree of autonomy and importance in the Seleucid period.
		In 492-538/1097-1144 the city was the capital of the Crusader county of Edessa.
	www.iranica.com /articles/v8/v8f2/v8f205.html (1038 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Edessa
		Among the illustrious disciples of the School of Edessa special mention is due to Bardesanes (154-222), a schoolfellow of Abgar IX, the originator of Christian religious poetry, whose teaching was continued by his son Harmonius and his disciples.
		A Christian council was held at Edessa as early as 197 (Euseb., Hist.
		In the meanwhile Christian priests from Edessa had evangelized Eastern Mesopotamia and Persia, and established the first Churches in the kingdom of the Sassanides.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/05282a.htm (1287 words)

	Edessa on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Edessa was a center of Christianity by the 3d cent.
		Baldwin (later Baldwin I of Jerusalem) became the ruler of Edessa, and when he became king, he turned it over to one of his cousins.
		On the bus from Florina to Edessa, Greece, 2003 (PAR258764)
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/E/Edessa.asp (409 words)

	County of Edessa Details, Meaning County of Edessa Article and Explanation Guide
		The County of Edessa was one of the Crusader states in the 12th century, in a city with an ancient history and an early tradition of Christianity (see Edessa).
		The County of Edessa passed to his cousin Baldwin of Bourcq, who was popular with the Armenians and took an Armenian wife.
		Edessa was one of the largest of the Crusader states in terms of territory.
	www.e-paranoids.com /c/co/county_of_edessa.html (747 words)

	Edessa (Sanliurfa)
		The origins of Edessa are not entirely clear, but its original name, Urhai, may suggest connections with the Hurrians, a nation (or linguistic community) in eastern Anatolia and northern Mesopotamia as early as the late third millennium BCE.
		After the death of Alexander on 11 June 323, the city was briefly contested by his successors: Perdiccas, Antigonus, and Eumenes visited Edessa, but eventually, it became part of the realm of Seleucus, the Seleucid empire, and capital of a province called Osrhoene (the Greek rendering of the old name Urhai).
		To them, Harran and Edessa were important religious centers too, and there is a local legend that the prophet Ibrahim (Abraham) was born in a cave near the fortress of Edessa.
	www.livius.org /ea-eh/edessa/edessa.html (966 words)

	The Image of Edessa
		Prosperous Edessa, astride a major east-west caravan route, was ruled by King Abgar V from 13 to 50.
		The "Image of Edessa disappears from history until a disastrous flood in 525 which "destroyed public buildings, palaces, churches, and much of the city wall, and drowned one-third of the population.
		The fact is that from the end of the VIIth century, coins were struck in Constantinople by Justinian II during the first part of is reign (685-695) bearing an effigy of Christ's Face as imprinted on the Holy Shroud.
	www.mystae.com /restricted/reflections/messiah/edessa.html (3845 words)

	Christianity in Edessa and the Syriac-Speaking World: Mani, Bar Daysan and Ephraem; the Struggle for Allegiance on the ...
		Edessa, its capital, was situated about twenty miles beyond the former of those rivers; and the inhabitants, since the time of Alexander, were a mixed race of Greeks, Arabs, Syrians, and Armenians.
		Chronicle of Edessa records the fact that in the year 201AD the church of the Christians was destroyed by a flood.
		Ecclesiastical History (before 300?) Edessa and Osrhoene were seen to be playing a role in the by now empire-wide Christian movement; he reports events in the church there on the basis of documents in the city's archives, including the rudiments of what would become the legend of its apostolic origins.
	www.bhsu.edu /artssciences/asfaculty/dsalomon/nyssa/edessa.htm (3122 words)

	Medieval Sourcebook: William of Tyre: Fall of Edessa
		The population of Edessa was made up of Chaldeans and Armenians, unwarlike men, scarcely familiar with the use of arms and accustomed only to the acts of trade.
		The safekeeping of the city was entrusted solely to mercenaries and these were not paid according to he type of service they performed or the length of time for which they were engaged indeed, they often had to wait a year or more for the payment of their stated wages.
		It was announced, meanwhile, and the news was also spread by rumor, that the city of Edessa, a city faithful to God, was suffering the agonies of a siege at the hands of the enemy of the faith and the foe of the Christian name.
	www.fordham.edu /halsall/source/tyre-edessa.html (1548 words)

	The Shroud of Turin Story: Early history in Jerusalem, Edessa and Constantinople
		It could well have been because of floods to which Edessa was prone, because of the threat of invasion, or because of Christian persecutions.
		A diptych painted in the tenth century shows a cloth with an image of Jesus being held be King Abgar V. Clearly inspired by the legendary story, it is significant to note the width of the cloth and the centrality of a facial image suggesting what may be the folded Shroud.
		It had been moved there from the city of Edessa in 944 where it was discovered in the city walls in 544.
	www.shroudstory.com /early.htm (2007 words)

	The Ecole Initiative: Edessa in the Parthian Period (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Edessa stands on the Silk Road, which begins on the Mediterranean coast at one of the Seleucid capitals, Antioch; passes across the Euphrates; and through Edessa reaches the Assyrian city of Nisibis.
		Edessa and the surrounding region of Osrhoene was one among several areas of the Seleucid kingdom that gained a considerable independence after the defeat of Antiochus VII Sidetes in
		In this regard Edessa was not different from other similar cities in the region, much as Palmyra and Hatra, where a considerable part of the population consisted of the settled Arab nomads (Dussaud, passim).
	www2.evansville.edu /ecoleweb/articles/pedessa.html (3447 words)

	The Chronicle of Edessa. The Journal of Sacred Literature, New Series [=Series 4], vol. 5 (1864) pp. 28-45
		And Paul departed from Edessa on Tammuz (July) 27, of the year 833, and Asclepius was (bishop) instead of him, and entered Edessa on the 23rd of Tishrin the former (October), of the year 834, three months after Paul the bishop departed from Edessa.
		And in the month Canun the former (December), on the 24th in it, after the entering of Asclepius the bishop to Edessa, he expelled the Oriental monks, and all the monks their allies who were like them, because they did not consent to the synod of Chalcedon.
		And through this circumstance Asclepius fled from Edessa, and went up to Antioch the city to Euphrasius the patriarch, and he was there, more or less, seventy days, and he died there in Antioch on the 27th in the month Haziran of that year, and was buried there in Antioch.
	www.tertullian.org /fathers/chronicle_of_edessa.htm (6389 words)

	[No title]
		It is imperative, then, to first investigate the formulators of the doctrinal movements and the "schools" that antedated Edessa and Nisibis, as the composition of these Syrian theological institutions was a synthesis of the philosophies, creeds, and exegetical principles that emerged in such loci as Antioch, Alexandria, and Mopsuestia.
		As the School of Edessa served as the model for the School of Nisibis, so too were the Antiochene traditions of biblical exegesis, based on the works of Theodore of Mopsuestia, handed down by Narsai to his beloved students.
		We have already demonstrated that the philosophy of Aristotle was ensconced in the school of Antioch and later transferred to the School of Edessa as a propaedeutic to the study of theology.
	ccat.sas.upenn.edu /jod/texts/junillus.intro.html (4499 words)

	The Edessa Page
		Edessa is located in the southeastern opening of this mountain ring, on a 310 m plato facing the large Thessaloniki plane.
		The population moves to the Upper Town, where the modern Edessa is located.
		Edessa follows the fate of the central and southern Balkans - it enters the Black Hole of Balkan civilization.
	www.ipta.demokritos.gr /erl/edessa.html (982 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: James of Edessa
		Shortly afterwards he accepted the invitation of the monks of Eusebhona (in the Diocese of Antioch) to reside at their convent, and there he commented for eleven years on the Sacred Scriptures in the Greek text, doing his utmost to promote the study of the Greek tongue.
		James of Edessa was a Monophysite, as is proved by the prominent part he took in the synod which the Jacobite patriarch Julian convened in 706, and by one of his letters in which he speaks of the orthodox Fathers of Chalcedon as "the Chalcedonian heretics".
		The other principal writings of James of Edessa on Biblical topics are: (1) his unfinished "Hexameron", or work on the six days of creation, which is divided into seven treatises, and which opens with a dialogue between the author and Constantine, one of his disciples.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/08277b.htm (745 words)

	Edessa - Waterfalls history - en
		The waterfalls of Edessa didn't use to be the same as they are now.
		Until the end of the 14th century the main volume of the water was held in a small lake in the west of the town.
		After the end of the war, the place was given to the municipality of Edessa and the gardeners looked after it, planted in it many flowers and trees.
	www.edessacity.gr /tourism/ed800-01_en.htm (599 words)

	Articles - Edessa, Mesopotamia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		The name under which Edessa figures in cuneiform inscriptions is unknown; the later native name was Osroe, after its purported founder (who was probably only legend), this being the Armenian form for Chosroes; it became in Syriac Ourhoï, in Armenian Ourhaï in Arabic Er Roha, commonly Orfa or Sanli Urfa, its present name.
		Edessa was at first more or less under the protectorate of the Parthians, then of Tigranes of Armenia, then from the time of Pompey under the Romans.
		Traces of Hellenistic culture were soon overwhelmed in Edessa, whose dynasty employs Syriac legends on their coinage, save the Roman client-king Abgar IX (179-214), and there is a corresponding lack of Greek public inscriptions (Bauer 1971, ch.
	www.gaple.com /articles/Edessa,_Mesopotamia (1257 words)

	Edessa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Edessa retained its importance during the early Christian period, as is attested by the remains of basilicas erected on the site.
		From the end of the 7th century A.D. onwards, the city was restricted in the castle of Vodena, in the area of the modern city.
		The walls of Edessa were constructed in ca.
	www.culture.gr /2/21/211/21117a/e211qa02.html (317 words)

	Bauer--Edessa
		He did not endanger the undertaking by suddenly appearing in Edessa itself with the assertion that nearly three centuries earlier the city had stood in close connection with Jesus in person, which certainly would not have been accepted without contradiction, least of all by the opponents of those circles interested in the legend.
		Edessa is not even mentioned, in spite of the fact that the church father was born in Antioch, worked in his home city for some decades, and composed a large part of his writings there.
		In 379 Eulogius was consecrated as bishop of Edessa by Eusebius of Samosata (Theodoret Eccl.
	ccat.sas.upenn.edu /rs/rak/publics/new/BAUER01.htm (16364 words)

	Edessa Girls’ School (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Morphologically influenced by the neoclassical architectural school (pseudo-pilasters, frames of openings, curved eaves, etc.), the edifice is in fact a rectangular undivided structure that is interrupted only by two rows of wooden pillars.
		he year of construction (1877) is inscribed on the founding-plate, above the main entrance slate, that reads: "The Greek Orthodox public of the town of Edessa, helped by art-loving foreigners, raised this edifice of the Muses for the enlightenment of the Edessaen daughters, in the month of April of the year 1877 of our Lord".
		oday, the building belongs to the City of Edessa and, although it officially serves as a Museum of Byzantine Art, is being used as a multi-cultural center.
	www.culture.gr /2/21/213/21304n/e213dn05.html (145 words)

	ORTHODOXY AND HERESY IN EARLIEST CHRISTIANITY
		from Edessa thus must be due less to the relationship of their persons to this city than to that of the doctrines that they advocated.
		In 379 Eulogius was consecrated as bishop of Edessa by Eusebius of Samosata (Theodoret
		came to Edessa as a whole,[98] for the correspondence probably became separated from the body of the work in an area in which the former actually came to have a separate existence, which up to the present time is not demonstrable for the Greek-speaking world.
	ccat.sas.upenn.edu /~humm/Resources/Bauer/bauer01.htm (15293 words)

	Hotel Details
		Built in traditional local style, Hotel Edessa is conveniently located in the center of the city and 10 km from the Sanliurfa Airport.
		Sanliurfa, known as the city of Prophets Hiob, Jethro and St. George, besides Abraham who were said to have lived here, has a very rich and far reaching background, due to its location in the great fertile plain of upper Mesopotamia.
		Besides a walk by the typical eastern bazaar and the old inns, where the world famous handicrafts of Urfa are presented, will take you back to the days of 1001 nights.
	www.hotelsturkey.com /details.phtml?hotelid=c2527d535959be59d891d1bb0d8a9629&refid=11340 (388 words)

	Kruisheer & Van Rompay: A Bibliographical Clavis to the Works of Jacob of Edessa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		- A. Salvesen, "Spirits in Jacob of Edessa's Revision of Samuel", ARAM 5 (1993) [Festschrift S.P. Brock] 481-490.
		- K.D. Jenner, "Nominal Clauses in the Peshitta and Jacob of Edessa", in P.B. Dirksen and A. van der Kooij (eds.), The Peshitta as a Translation (Monographs of the Peshitta Institute Leiden 8; Leiden 1995) 47-61.
		- S.P. Brock, "Jacob of Edessa's Discourse on the Myron", OC 63 (1979) 20-36.
	syrcom.cua.edu /Hugoye/Vol1No1/Clavis.html (5327 words)

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