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Topic: Edict of Saint Germain

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	Edict (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Edict of Expulsion (1290), by King Edward I of England.
		Edict of Worms (1521), by the Diet of Worms, with Holy Roman Emperor Charles V presiding.
		Edict of Fontainebleau (1685), by Louis XIV of France.
	www.dejavu.org /cgi-bin/get.cgi?ver=93&url=http%3A%2F%2Farticles.gourt.com%2F%3Farticle%3Dedict%26type%3Den (420 words)

	Edict of Saint-Germain - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Edict of Saint-Germain was an Edict of Toleration promulgated in 16th century France.
		The edict of Saint-Germain was promulgated by the reigning Catherine de Medici in January 1562.
		It was an instance of an Edict of Toleration which limited tolerance of Protestantism in her Roman Catholic realms, especially acting against the French Huguenots.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Edict_of_Saint-Germain (206 words)

	Edict of Toleration - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		An Edict of Toleration is an act of heads of state and government, proclamations and treaties either securing or dismantling the freedom of religion and worship within their respective territories.
		Most edicts of toleration have been secured in order to protect the Roman Catholic Church in hostile regions.
		In other cases, edicts of toleration were issued to limit the powers of Protestant denominations of Christianity.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Edict_of_Toleration (109 words)

	Edict of Toleration -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Most edicts of toleration have been secured in order to protect the (The Christian Church based in the Vatican and presided over by a pope and an episcopal hierarchy) Roman Catholic Church in hostile regions.
		In other cases, edicts of toleration were issued to limit the powers of (An adherent of Protestantism) Protestant denominations of (A monotheistic system of beliefs and practices based on the Old Testament and the teachings of Jesus as embodied in the New Testament and emphasizing the role of Jesus as savior) Christianity.
		Examples of these Edicts have been in (A republic in western Europe; the largest country wholly in Europe) France and (A state in the United States in the central Pacific on the Hawaiian Islands) Hawaii.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/E/Ed/Edict_of_Toleration.htm (161 words)

	Edict of Toleration - Encyclopedia Glossary Meaning Explanation Edict of Toleration (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		The Edict of Toleration is the name of several historical acts of heads of state and government, proclamations and treaties either securing or dismantling the freedom of religion and worship within their respective territories.
		Under threat of the French government seeking to protect the work of the Congregation of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary, Kamehameha III issued an Edict of Toleration on June 17, 1839 allowing for the establishment of the Hawaii Catholic Church.
		The Edict of Saint-Germain was promulgated in 14th century Europe by the reigning Catherine de Medici in January 1562.
	www.encyclopedia-glossary.com /en/Edict-of-Toleration.html (426 words)

	Saint-Germain - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Saint Germain de Livet, in the Calvados département
		Saint Germain du Crioult, in the Calvados département
		Saint Germain du Pert, in the Calvados département
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Saint-Germain (344 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Huguenots
		The magistrates were everywhere extremely zealous in enforcing the repressive edicts.
		Antoine du Bourg was burned, and a royal edict (4 September, 1559) commanded that houses in which unlawful assemblies were held should be razed and the organizers of such assemblies punished with death.
		Richelieu judged that the scope of that edict should not be widened, nor should the liberties there granted be curtailed, and even Protestant historians pay tribute to his moderation.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/07527b.htm (10695 words)

	Huguenot - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Most of the cities in which the Huguenots gained a hold saw iconoclast attacks, in which altars and images in churches, and sometimes the buildings themselves were torn down.
		In 1561, the Edict of Orléans, for example, declared an end to the persecution; and the Edict of Saint-Germain recognized them for the first time (January 17, 1562); but these measures disguised the growing strain of relations between Protestant and Catholic.
		The king revoked the "irrevocable" Edict of Nantes in 1685 and declared Protestantism illegal with the Edict of Fontainebleau.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Huguenot (1732 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Edict of Worms (1521), by the Diet of Worms, with Holy Roman Emperor Charles V presiding.
		Edict of Fontainebleau (1685), by Louis XIV of France.
		Edict of Toleration (1839), by King Kamehameha III of Hawaii.
	www.everybase.com /Edict (406 words)

	St. Germanus
		Charibert sunk into a vicious indolence, yet was obstinate and headstrong in his passions not being divested of all the prejudices of paganism, he divorced his wife Ingoberga, and took to wife Marcovesa her maid, who had worn a religious habit; and after her death, he married her sister Merofleda, Ingoberga being still living.
		Our saint many ways endeavored to make him sensible of the enormity of his crimes; but finding all his remonstrances lost on him, he proceeded so far as to excommunicate him and the accomplice of his sin, to hinder at least the dangerous influence of his scandalous example.
		The saint continued his labors for the conversion of sinners till he was called to receive the reward of them on the 28th of May, 576, being eighty years old.
	www.ewtn.com /library/MARY/GERMANUS.htm (2110 words)

	Domestic-Church.Com:Saint Profile: Saint Patrick
		Saint Patrick arrived at the hill of Slane (pronounced Slay-ne), at the opposite extremity of the valley from Tara, on Easter Eve, and on the summit of the hill kindled the Paschal fire.
		When Saint Patrick, at the close of the ceremony, saw the blood flow, and asked him why he had been silent, he replied, with genuine heroism, that he thought it might be part of the ceremony, a penalty for the joyous blessings of the Faith that were imparted.
		The saint admired his heroism, and, taking the chieftain's shield, inscribed on it a cross with the same point of the crozier, and promised that that shield would be the signal of countless spiritual and temporal triumphs.
	www.domestic-church.com /CONTENT.DCC/19980301/SAINTS/STPAT.HTM (3079 words)

	The Lutheran Church - Missouri Synod - Christian Cyclopedia
		The January Edict (January 25, 1535) was restated in severer form in the Edict of Fontainebleau (1540) and was a law against heresy aimed esp.
		The Huguenots, under arms, obtained concessions in the Edict of Boulogne 1573, the Peace of Monsieur (Peace of Beaulieu) 1576, and the peace treaty of Bergerac (terms of which were pub.
		Ecclesiastical concessions, granted by the Edict of Nantes, were granted again by the Amnesty (Gnadenedikt) of Nimes (Peace of Alès, or Alais) 1629, but pol.
	www.lcms.org /ca/www/cyclopedia/02/display.asp?t1=F&word=FRANCE (1478 words)

	Edict of Saint-Germain -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		The Edict of Saint-Germain was an (Click link for more info and facts about Edict of Toleration) Edict of Toleration promulgated in 16th century France.
		It was an instance of an Edict of Toleration which limited tolerance of Protestantism in her Roman Catholic realms, especially acting against the French (A French Calvinist of the 16th or 17th centuries) Huguenots.
		It was among her first moves as Regent, after the death of (Click link for more info and facts about Francois II) Francois II the previous month, and consistent with Catherine's maneuvering, attempted to steer a middle course between Protestants and Catholics, in order to strengthen royal dominion.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/e/ed/edict_of_saint-germain1.htm (187 words)

	Edict of Saint-Germain - Definition, explanation
		The Edict of Saint-Germain was an Edict of Toleration promulgated in 16th century France.
		The edict of Saint-Germain was promulgated by the reigning Catherine de Medici in January 1562.
		It was an instance of an Edict of Toleration which limited tolerance of Protestantism in her Roman Catholic realms, especially acting against the French Huguenots.
	www.calsky.com /lexikon/en/txt/e/ed/edict_of_saint_germain.php (234 words)

	Timeline
		June 27, 1551 Edict of Chateaubriand placed severe restrictions on Protestants, including loss of one-third of property to informers and confiscation of all property of those who left France.
		July, 1561 Royal edict authorizes imprisonment and confiscation of property upon all who attend any "heretical" (non-Roman Catholic) public or private worship service.
		Oct., 1685 Revocation of the Edict of Nantes by King Louis XIV.
	www.pierrechastain.com /timeline.htm (2369 words)

	Edict articles and news from Start Learning Now (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		An edict is an announcement of a law, often associated with monarchymonarchism.
		It was an Edict of Toleration, which recognized the existence of the Protestants and guaranteed freedom of conscience and private worship.
		This law declared that if a merchant's cloth was not found to be satisfactory, on three separate occasions; then, he was to be tied to a post, with the cloth attached to him.
	www.startlearningnow.com /Edict.htm (405 words)

	NameTraq \| Last Name: Germain
		Inspector Andy Germain said that although the steering wheel was taken from the vehicle as evidence at the time of the crash, until the inquest hearing opened...
		Germain, who was having breakfast with her 20-year-old mentally disabled daughter in a Berlin cafe, told Lieberman he was the only Democrat from whom she would...
		Jeff Germain, resident inspector, said all the piping is in the ground for Contract I, being done by State Utility Contractors.
	nametraq.com /genealogy_jan04/G/Germain.shtml (2379 words)

	CathvsHug
		Advised by l'Hospital The King issued the Edict of Fontainbleau in April 1561, forbidding injury or denounciation of anyone on matters of faith or provocation of anyone on account of their religion, prohibiting use of "papist" or "Huguenot" epithets and all offenses against property.
		Unlike previous edicts, it was sent to the "gouverneurs" for publication instead of awaiting approval by the parlements.
		The August 1570 Edict of Saint-Germain to restore peace was the first to give civil and judicial rights to Protestants; no more religious discrimination about admission to schools, universities, hospitals, or other public institutions, and Huguenots could be appointed to public office.
	members.fortunecity.com /jonhays/hugvscath.htm (1983 words)

	Huguenot
		They believed the ritual, images, saints, pilgrimages, prayers, and hierarchy of the Catholic Church were useless to help anyone toward redemption.
		Most of the cities in which the huguenots gained a hold were subject to iconoclast attacks, in which altars and images in churches, and sometimes the buildings themselves were torn apart.
		He finally revoked the "irrevocable" Edict of Nantes in 1685 and declared Protestantism illegal with the Edict of Fontainebleau.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/huguenot (1160 words)

	Wikipedia: Huguenot
		However, in 1561 the Edict of Orléans stopped the persecution for a number of years, and the Edict of Saint-Germain recognized them for the first time (January 17, 1562).
		The French Wars of Religion then began with a massacre of 1,000 Huguenots at Vassy on March 1, 1562.
		The 5th holy war against the Huguenots began on February 23, 1574, and persecution continued periodically until 1598 when king Henry IV issued the Edict of Nantes, which granted the Protestants full religious freedom and equal rights to Catholics.
	www.factbook.org /wikipedia/en/h/hu/huguenot.html (343 words)

	Saint_Bartholomews_Day_Massacre Information, Facts, Resources (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		The House of Guise had fallen from favour at the court and had been replaced by moderates who were more willing to find a peaceful solution to the crisis.
		The Huguenots were in a strong defensive position as a result of the Edict of Saint-Germain (August 1570).
		In 1572, a series of inter-related incidents occurred after the royal wedding of Marguerite of Valois to Henry of Navarre, an alliance that strengthened his claim to the throne of France.
	www.mbceo.com /index.php?title=Saint_Bartholomews_Day_Massacre (1689 words)

	Article - Protestant «places of safety»
		As stipulated in the edict they were granted four strongholds for two years, places to take refuge in, namely La Rochelle, Cognac, La Charité-sur-Loire and Montauban.
		The edict of Beaulieu granted them eight for unlimited duration, namely Aiguesmortes and Beaucaire in the Languedoc region, Périgueux and Mas-de-Verdun (presently called Mas-Grenier) in the Guyenne region, Nyons and Serres in the Dauphiné region, Issoire in the Auvergne region and La Seyne in the Provence region.
		After the conquest of La Rochelle and the last battle in Rohan during which Huguenots of the Languedoc region were defeated by the king's armies, the edict of Alès (1629) stipulated demolishing the city walls of all strongholds or castles still held by Protestant garrisons.
	www.museeprotestant.org /Pages/Notices.php?scatid=3¬iceid=661&lev=1&Lget=EN (405 words)

	The 1560s: the apogee of Huguenot power?
		Towards the January Edict: The instability of the ruling factions after the death of Henri II Francis II was fifteen at the time of his accession in July 1559, which meant that he was too young to rule in person.
		The January edict may have deluded many new converts into believing that their cause was about to triumph, and perhaps that the younger brothers of Charles IX, or even the king himself, might abjure Catholicism when they came of age.
		The city was violently Catholic: in 1562, it obtained an exemption from the provisions of the toleration edict of January.
	www.le.ac.uk /hi/bon/resources/war/war06.htm (4378 words)

	Huguenot (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		However, in 1561 the Edict of Orléans stopped thepersecution for a number of years, and the Edict of Saint-Germain recognized them for the first time (January 17, 1562).
		The 5th holywar against the Huguenots began on February 23, 1574, and conflict continued periodically until 1598 when king Henry IV issued the Edict of Nantes, which granted the Protestants full religious freedom and equal rights to Catholics.
		He finallyrevoked the "irrevocable" Edict of Nantes in 1685 and declared Protestantism illegal withthe Edict of Fontainebleau.
	www.therfcc.org /huguenot-31088.html (618 words)

	Jean Bodin (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
		In the royal edict, next to the words “those followers of the so-called Reformed Religion,” a distinction is made between “United” Catholics or the “Union of Catholics,” and the “associated” Catholics.
		The edict of 1585 was confirmed by the Edict of Rouen of July 1588 and was moreover defined as the “inviolable and fundamental law.” In other words, religious concord, in this case “forced” concord, represented the highest priority for the lawmakers.
		There are two sorts of religious edicts that alternate during the wars: edicts of pacification and provisional tolerance, and edicts of concord and union.
	plato.stanford.edu /entries/bodin (9663 words)

	DieVorfahren von Auguste Louiae Emili~ Fauvel, Frau des
		The cruel break of this Edict by the duke of Guise caused the Huguenots to fight against with changing success during eight bloody, so-called “Huguenot Wars” (1562 -1598).
		to cancel again all rights of the Huguenots in the Edict of Nemours, to forbid their religious services and to request them to return to the Catholicism or to emigrate.
		In the Edict of Nîmes (1629) all special political rights were taken from them, their security places were transformed into open cities, however their religious freedom was conserved.
	www.weihenstephan.org /~guenfauv/Guenter/Genealogy/History/Huguenots_eng.htm (366 words)

	Search Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Huguenots -> Wars of Religion and the Edict of Nantes The conspiracy of Amboise (1560; see Amboise, conspiracy of) during the reign of King Francis II inflamed both Roman Catholic and Protestant sentiment.
		Theresa, Saint Theresa or Teresa, Saint (Theresa of Lisieux), 1873-97, French Carmelite nun, one of the most widely loved saints of the Roman Catholic Church, b.
		Her original name was Thérèse Martin, and her name in religion was Theresa of the Child Jesus; she is known as the Little Flower of Jesus.
	www.encyclopedia.com /searchpool.asp?target=Edict+of+Saint-Germain (196 words)

	Isaac Casaubon
		He was born in Geneva to French refugee parents.
		The family returned to France with the publication of the Edict of Saint-Germain in 1562, and settled at Crest in Dauphiné, where Arnaud Casaubon, Isaac’s father, became minister of a Huguenot congregation.
		Till he was nineteen, Isaac had no other instruction than what could be given him by his father during the years of civil war.
	www.starrepublic.org /encyclopedia/wikipedia/i/is/isaac_casaubon.html (2907 words)

	Edict of Saint-Germain
		Edict of Saint-Germain is one of the topics in focus at Global Oneness.
		The French Wars of Religion were a series of conflicts fought between Catholics and Huguenots (Protestants) from the middle of the sixteenth century to the Edict of Nantes in 1598, including civil infighting as well as military operations.
		The king revoked the "irrevocable" Edict of Nantes in 1685 and declared Protestantism illegal with the Edict of Fontainebleau.
	www.experiencefestival.com /edict_of_saint-germain (748 words)

	::Fifth French War of Religion::
		the Edict formally recognised the existence of the Huguenots.
		Guise refused to recognise the Edict of Saint Germain and by doing so he was effectively stating that he refused to accept royal authority as the initiative had come from Catherine.
		She realised that she was isolated without the support of the three main families in France and she asked Beza and Coligny to sound out Huguenot military strength.
	www.historylearningsite.co.uk /FWR5.htm (1804 words)

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