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Topic: Edmund Rubbra

	Edmund Rubbra (1901-1986) - Introduction
		Edmund Rubbra was born in Northampton on 23 May 1901.
		In 1947 Rubbra took up a lectureship at Worcester College, Oxford, which he held for over twenty years, and from 1961 to 1974 he was also a professor of composition at the Guildhall School of Music and Drama.
		Rubbra was also a prolific composer of chamber music, and his choral music includes an English Missa Cantuarensis and, following his conversion to Catholicism in 1948, a Latin Missa in honorem Sancti Dominici, as well as some settings of Eastern texts.
	www.bl.uk /collections/music/rubbra.html (372 words)

	Amazon.co.uk: Rubbra - Symphonies: Music: Edmund Rubbra,Richard Hickox,BBC National Orchestra of Wales (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Rubbra's 1st symphony was completed in 1937 and he had already finished his 4th by 1942.
		Rubbra used to say that he liked to have a starting point he could be sure of and then everything else would follow.
		Rubbra set out to compose a single movement work with each 'movement' corresponding to a division of a sonata form movement - exposition, development, recapitulation and coda, achieving a unity across the whole structure.
	www.amazon.co.uk /Rubbra-Symphonies-Edmund/dp/B000000AXR (1009 words)

	Edmund Rubbra Biography - famous Edmund Rubbra Classical collection and Edmund Rubbra Music Reviews. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		A pupil of Cyril Scott, the English composer Edmund Rubbra worked for the railways when he left school, but later won scholarships that allowed him to study music as a pupil of Gustav Holst.
		As a composer his individual voice is heard in his eleven symphonies, while his moving Cello Sonata echoes his interest in counterpoint and in the earlier traditions of vocal music.
		RUBBRA: Nine Tenebrae Motets / Magnificat and Nunc Dimittis
	www.naxos.com /composerinfo/891.htm (139 words)

	Edmund Rubbra (British Composer) by Francis Routh (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Edmund Rubbra (1901 - 1986) by Francis Routh
		Rubbra works from a tonal centre, which differs from a keycentre in that it does not imply or include all the other notes of the key; he develops instead a harmonic fluidity, which may develop greater or less saturation, according to the number of notes specifically sounding round any given tonal centre.
		In it Rubbra adopts a new approach to texture, in that intervals are made the decisive protagonists in the themes throughout the work.
	www.musicweb-international.com /rubbra/index.htm (3562 words)

	Edmund Rubbra - AOL Music
		Edmund Rubbra (1901 - 1986): English composer of 164 opi for solo instruments, chamber groups, voice, choir (liturgical and secular).
		A short biography of Edmund Rubbra with a photograph of the composer.
		Rubbra was essentially a conservative English composer, affected by his...
	music.aol.com /artist/edmund-rubbra/1365/main (102 words)

	Edmund Rubbra (1901 - 1986) Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Edmund Rubbra was born on the 23rd May 1901, in Northampton.
		The first major recognition of Rubbra's talents as a composer came with the First Symphony (1935-1937) and this was quickly followed by the Second and Third Symphonies.
		Rubbra's music, emanating as it did from a deep spirituality, has much to contribute to our present age and is beginning to receive the recognition it so strongly deserves.
	www.sinfonia-of-london.com /edmund_rubbra/html/biography.html (343 words)

	Amazon.ca: Syms 4/10/11: Music: Edmund Rubbra,Richard Hickox,BBC National Orchestra Wales,Michael George (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Edmund Rubbra was a man of great integrity and the rising star of English music from the late 30s to the mid 50s.
		Edmund Rubbra's (1901-1986) Fourth Symphony (1941) addresses the fact of the war just as Ralph Vaughan Williams' Fifth Symphony does: Not by representing it, however, but by an invocation of profound religious piety and serene faith in deliverance from evil.
		Harold Truscott wrote, in his chapter on Rubbra and Tippett in Robert Layton's symposium on "The Symphony" (1972), of the "sensuous colour" of this "rare and rich" score.
	www.amazon.ca /Syms-10-11-Edmund-Rubbra/dp/B000000AXR (1085 words)

	Rubbra (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Rubbra was essentially a conservative English composer, affected by his working-class roots and Buddhism.
		What really sets Rubbra apart for me is the sincerity and conviction of his musical expression.
		The Rubbra discography is growing rather quickly now, so there are several good recordings available.
	www.medieval.org /music/modern/rubbra.html (277 words)

	Amazon.ca: Sym 1/A Tribute/Sinfonia Conc.: Music: Edmund Rubbra,Richard Hickox,Peter Manning,BBC National Orchestra ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Rubbra (1901-1986) was a British composer whose symphonies contained great emotion, great propulsive power, and in some cases sound almost demonic.
		Rubbra was heavily influenced by Bartók and Debussy, but he uses a kind of polyphonic approach to the main themes much different from those two giants.
		Edmund Rubbra (1901-1986) studied with Cyril Scott at the Royal College of Music; he studied also and privately with Gustav Holst.
	www.amazon.ca /Sym-1-Tribute-Sinfonia-Conc/dp/B000000B13 (1990 words)

	Classical Net - Basic Repertoire List - Rubbra
		English composer and writer, born in a lower-middle class background, he rose to a position at Oxford.
		Rubbra is best-known for his ten symphonies, some of the finest examples among the large English output of this century.
		Use of text, images, or any other copyrightable material contained in these pages, without the written permission of the copyright holder, except as specified in the Copyright Notice, is strictly prohibited.
	www.classical.net /music/comp.lst/rubbra.html (192 words)

	Amazon.com: Rubbra: Symphonies No. 3 & 7: Music: Edmund Rubbra,Richard Hickox,BBC National Orchestra of Wales (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		It belongs to Edmund Rubbra's (1901-1986) integrity that he never wrote music topical, or pictorial, or overtly dramatic that might exert some extrinsic appeal on audiences looking for the superficially arresting.
		Rubbra's scherzo (or scherzo-substitute) movements tend to introduce naive material which the composer then subjects to swift elaboration, often creating a sense of menace through the piling up of unresolved chords of the seventh, generated coincidentally out of the polyphonic convergence of lines.
		Rubbra's music is very intimate and not at all 'showy', which is perhaps it has failed to gain a foothold in the concert hall.
	www.amazon.com /Rubbra-Symphonies-No-3-7/dp/B000007TRH (1900 words)

	Amazon.ca: Comp Syms: Music: Edmund Rubbra,Richard Hickox,BBC National Orchestra Wales,Lynne Dawson,Della Jones (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Rubbra reminds me of 20 year old scotch, a taste that must be acquired but the benefits are so many.
		Edmund Rubbra's symphonies received a very mixed reception in their time.
		His music may be dry compared to the high melodies of Romantic music; but it is a dryness that one learns to cultivate like developing a taste for a good complex wine, where a myriad of complentary flavors enduring pleasantly on the palate is for what one yearns.
	www.amazon.ca /Comp-Syms-Edmund-Rubbra/dp/B00005NW4I (967 words)

	Amazon.co.uk: Rubbra - Chamber Works: Music: Edmund Rubbra,Michael Dussek,Judith Busbridge,Krysia Osostowicz (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Edmund Rubbra (1901-1986) was a very prolific composer, and has to his credit eleven symphonies, concertos, a body of magnificent choral music and a fair amount of chamber music, including four string quartets.
		This disc is their first venture into the string quartets and includes the 2nd and 4th as well as the Lyric Movement for String Quartet and Piano and the Meditations on a Byzantine Hymn 'O quando in Cruce' in the version for two violas.
		Rubbra's mature style had not evolved yet but the music, with its intense lyricism, is gorgeous all the same and Herbert Howells comes to mind at times.
	www.amazon.co.uk /Rubbra-Chamber-Works-Edmund/dp/B00005RT5N (658 words)

	about Edmund Rubbra's music
		Radio 3 is playing the Hickox recordings of Rubbra's symphonies and many of the other works released in that Chandos series, mostly one per day on Afternoon Performance.
		Perhaps one of the more recorded and played of Rubbra's chamber works (not that any of them are often,) with one CD recording (and one other, now unavailable) and several that were on LP.
		A Rubbra composition that I call type "a" generally is in three or four movements, begins with a fast movement, continues through a slow movement and ends in an often brief and quicksilver finale (generally fast even when more lengthy).
	www.geocities.com /eschiss1/rubbra.html (3788 words)

	Amazon.com: Rubbra: Symphonies 5 & 8/Ode to the Queen: Music: Edmund Rubbra,Richard Hickox,Susan Bickley,BBC National ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The Fifth Symphony differs from earlier installments in the sequence in that it represents a culmination, of sorts, in Rubbra's retreat from the extreme density of counterpoint that marks the First and Second and that lessens somewhat in the Third and the Fourth.
		Rubbra does not cease to be a "monistic" composer, however, deriving as he does the whole material of his Adagio from the scalar motif given out by the oboe in the first bars over a glowering chord strongly colored by the horns.
		In three movements, it shows Rubbra perfecting his method of deriving all material in a given work from a few pregnant musical cells, such that the final form lies predicated in the initial gestures.
	www.amazon.com /Rubbra-Symphonies-Ode-Queen-Edmund/dp/B00000IM71 (1507 words)

	On An Overgrown Path: The Year is '72
		The use of Catholic hymns coupled with Protestant chorales was an important gesture in a year which opened with the sectarian violence of Bloody Sunday.
		Rubbra’s encapsulation of the Christian message, and homage to polyphony must have seemed very out of step with the zeitgeist of 1972.
		But sadly, even though Rubbra can be identified as a forerunner of some of today's fashionable composers, his works remain resolutely unfashionable in the concert hall, although the Fourth Symphony was performed at the Proms a while back.
	theovergrownpath.blogspot.com /2005/11/year-is-72.html (2553 words)

	Edmund Rubbra (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		According to The New Penguin Dictionary of Music, Edmund Rubbra was an English composer, pupil of Ralph Vaughan Williams, Holst, and others; also pianist; particularly as member of a piano trio; teacher at Oxford University.
		Rubbra, Edmund (1901 - 1986), biography and works by naxos.com.
		[§] Edmund Rubbra : The Sacred Muse by Gloriae Dei Cantores
	www.grainger.de /music/composers/rubbra.html (120 words)

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