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Topic: Education in Albania

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	Education in Albania - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Another education law adopted in 1948 provided for the further expansion of vocational and professional courses to train skilled and semiskilled workers and to increase the theoretical and professional knowledge of the technicians.
		An additional year was added to the eleven-year general education program, and the whole school system was integrated more closely with industry in order to prepare Albanian youth to replace the Soviet specialists, should the latter be withdrawn, as they eventually were in 1961.
		Provision was made to expand higher education by increasing the number of full-time students, setting up new branches in places where there were no post-secondary institutes, and organizing specialized courses in which those who had completed higher education would be trained to become highly qualified technical and scientific cadres.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Education_in_Albania (2250 words)

	Teacher Education Reforms in Albania (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Attempts therefore to restructure teacher education as part of higher education need to be seen in relation to this previous rigid ideological control, to the state monopoly of education and the centralisation of management and administration.
		To change the attitudes, beliefs and practices of those involved in teacher education in the universities and schools was another, particularly after years of isolation and lack of familiarity with alternatives and their relevance or appropriateness for Albania.
		Education is vital to the transformation of Albanian society and its aspirations in relation to the wider European community.
	edu.uwe.ac.uk /cred/papers/education-reforms.asp (4324 words)

	WEP-Albania
		The Government and Parliament determine all educational policy and the Ministry of Education and Science is responsible for the administration of the education system at the national level.
		Albania has a national and centrally developed curriculum and programs for basic education, which is designed by the Ministry of Education.
		The Ministry of Education and Science oversees academic departments and faculties and is responsible for the fiscal administration of all institutions.
	www.wes.org /ca/wedb/albania/aledov.htm (869 words)

	Albania (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Albania became part of the Roman and Byzantine Empires before succumbing to a wave of invaders in the Middle Ages, losing most of its original population and finally becaming a part of the Ottoman Empire in 1478.
		It is bordered by Serbia and Montenegro in the north, and north-east, the Republic of Macedonia in the east, and Greece in the south, has a coast on the Adriatic Sea in the west, and a coast on the Ionian Sea in the southwest.
		Albania after the communist regime was overthrown, as all the ex-communist countries, the country was left with an obsolete industrial base and a pattern of industrial capacity wholly unsuited to its needs.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/A/Albania.htm (3029 words)

	Education in Albania -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The literacy rate in (A republic in southeastern Europe on the Adriatic coast of the Balkan Peninsula) Albania for the total population, age 9 or older, is about 93%.
		Elementary (The activities of educating or instructing or teaching; activities that impart knowledge or skill) education is compulsory (grades 1-8), but most students continue at least until a secondary education.
		In the (The decade from 1950 to 1959) 1950s, the school system was given a thorough (An elected governmental council in a Communist country (especially one that is a member of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics)) Soviet orientation in terms both of communist ideological propaganda and central government control.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/e/ed/education_in_albania.htm (2540 words)

	Country Pages: Albania
		Albania -- which means "Land of the Eagle" in Albanian -- is a country steeped in history.
		The natural environment of Albania reflects its location on the Adriatic Sea: the climate is largely dry and warm from April through October and winters are generally (though not always!) mild and rainy.
		The Fulbright Program in Albania is looking to attract scholars and professionals who want to immerse themselves in a new culture, work with students and faculty on issues in their specialty but also on larger issues of higher education reform and who relish challenge.
	www.cies.org /country/albania.htm (869 words)

	VF Proposal: Albanian Biologists Educating for the Future
		Albania today still has a lot of untouched nature, but it is seriously under threat from logging and from industrial and tourist developments.
		Environmental education is one of our main objectives, and the limited time and resources has not stopped us from promoting seminars and special courses for biological teachers on this issue.
		The aim is to fill that emptiness in the education and to prepare a new generation able to undertake and solve the problems which will appear in the future.
	www.virtualfoundation.org /proposals/realeduc02.cgi (591 words)

	Education in Albania
		The aim of citizenship education in school can be summarised as being: to prepare students to be good citizens in the future, to help students exercise their freedom and responsibilities, to enable them to face successfully the challenges that the future has in store for them.
		Education for democratic citizenship, education for human rights and responsibilities, education for peace and conflict resolution, environmental, health and safety education, education for social, political, and economic development, anti-discriminatory education as well as education for justice.
		Law education is planned to be introduced in high schools by means of a "Street law" project which aims to provide accessible and available information to all citizens in a wide variety of settings including the high school.
	www-gewi.kfunigraz.ac.at /csbsc/country_reports/Education_Albania.htm (4258 words)

	[No title]
		Increase administration efficiency and education system financial efficiency The Strategy translated into funds The major problems of poverty in rural and remote areas of the country are the poor quality of essential services as well as health and education services, requiring more sources which need to be addressed in order to solve these problems.
		To increase the share of GDP allocated to health and education which is very low in comparison to international standards and reflects the poor quality of public services in these sectors; A Comparison to other countries in the world The budget for education as percentage of the GDP.
		Education expenditures are envisioned to increase from 3.0% of GDP in 2004 to 3.1% of GDP in 2006.
	www.alb-net.com /pipermail/albanians-today/2003-December.txt (1727 words)

	Albania - Education under Communist Rule (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		A team of Soviet educators laid the structural, curricular, and ideological foundations of the Enver Hoxha University at Tiranë, which was established in 1957.
		The proportion of eighth-grade graduates who continued with some type of secondary education increased from 39 percent in 1980 to 73 percent in 1990, with no village reporting a figure lower than 56 percent.
		The highly structured and controlled educational environment that the communist regime had painstakingly cultivated in the course of more than forty-six years was abruptly shattered.
	www.country-data.com /cgi-bin/query/r-189.html (1006 words)

	College of Education - University of Washington
		The overall objective of this project is to develop a democracy-oriented civic education program for the 1-10 public education system of Albania, a country that was under a harsh communist rule from 1944-1992.
		Developed and published a manual on democratic citizenship education to be used as the basis for the training of civic education teachers on the implementation of the new materials.
		At the present time, plans are under way to begin the training of about 2000 civic education teachers and to establish five civic education centers for the continuing in-service education of civic education teachers.
	depts.washington.edu /coe/faculty/research_centers/civiceducation.html (205 words)

	List of education articles by country - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This is a list of articles on education organized by country:
		Underground Education in Poland During World War II (historical)
		Education in the People's Republic of Poland (historical)
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Education_by_country (65 words)

	Post-War Albania
		British agents working in Albania during the war fed the Albanian resistance fighters with information that the Allies were planning a major invasion of the Balkans and urged the disparate Albanian groups to unite their efforts.
		The actual story of communist Albania is, however, quintessentially dystopian, a bleak inventory of bloody purges and repression, a case study in betrayal and obsessive xenophobia, a cacophony of bitter polemics with real and fantasized enemies that the outside world barely took time to notice.
		In July 1946, Yugoslavia and Albania signed a treaty of friendship and cooperation that was quickly followed by a series of technical and economic agreements laying the groundwork for integrating the Albanian and Yugoslav economies.
	www.shsu.edu /~his_ncp/AlbanPW.html (5233 words)

	Education (from Albania) -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Education at the primary and secondary levels is free, and higher-education fees are based on family income.
		In a 1970 report, the National Institute of Adult Education (England and Wales) defined adult education as “any kind of education for people who are old enough to work, vote, fight and marry and who have completed the cycle of continuous education, [if any] commenced in childhood.” Adult education...
		Such education is offered, among other broad reasons, to enable people to enlarge and interpret their experience as adults.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-42635?tocId=42635 (767 words)

	Albania \| Catholic Relief Services
		CRS/Albania's Education Program collaborates with the Ministry of Education, as well as with local education authorities, parent/teacher councils, youth councils and other civil society groups to further its goal of improving education in Albania through Capacity building and civic participation.
		Albania is making the difficult transition to a more modern open-market economy.
		In addition, CRS provides humanitarian assistance to Albania's most needy and supports existing and new activities that advance the cause of peace and justice and improve the livelihood of the most vulnerable members of society.
	www.catholicrelief.org /our_work/where_we_work/overseas/eastern_europe_&_the_caucasus/albania/index.cfm (813 words)

	CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPEAN EDUCATION DIRECTORY - STRUCTURE OF EDUCATION SYSTEM IN ALBANIA
		Secondary education consists of the ninth through twelfth grades, which are taught in the skolle 3 mesme (middle school).
		Description: The first stage of higher education in Albania takes on average 4 to 5 years, but also 6 and 3 years (4 years with most disciplines, 4-5 years in engineering, 6 years in medicine, 3 years for teaching in primary and secondary school).
		Continuing education courses are offered for diploma holders who have a good academic background plus at least two years of work experience in their field.
	www.ceebd.co.uk /ceeed/un/al/albanco.htm (633 words)

	Albania: Qendra Hap pas Hapi - Step by Step Center
		HPH Center aims to be an agent of change in the major process of integrating the Albanian School into the European System of Education, and to help the community recognize their own values in facing and promoting the democratic changes to the benefit of their children and themselves.
		The program has been approved by the Ministry of Education and Science as an alternative methodology for preschool and as an experimental methodology for primary school.
		The HPH Center is improving teaching methods, school management and administration, student and teacher evaluation, and community attitudes towards preschool and school for young children in Albania.
	www.issa.nl /network/albania/albania.html (309 words)

	DaVinci: Regional> Europe> Albania> Education
		Albania urged to curb corruptiondtt-net (subscription), Belgium - Oct 27, 2005...
		Imams (prayer leaders) and mosques by the Belgian government and education for Muslims...
		Algeria and Tunisia and to a lesser extent from Albania, Bosnia, Pakistan...
	www.bluegrassdavinci.com /ODP/Regional/Europe/Albania/Education (374 words)

	NATO Update: Education conference in Albania - 5 July 2003 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Educational experts discussed ways of introducing Euro-Atlantic values and concepts into the Albanian education system at an international conference held in Tirana on 5 July.
		The conference brought together teachers, lecturers, government officials, members of the Atlantic Treaty Associations of the region and from NATO member countries to assess the obstacles and challenges of introducing democratic principles into classrooms in Albania.
		Participants exchanged ideas on concrete ways of achieving this and identified principles such as human and social rights, the rule of law and parliamentary democracy as being key to changing mentalities and moving the country closer to Euro-Atlantic integration.
	www.nato.int /docu/update/2003/07-july/e0705a.htm (124 words)

	UN Chronicle: Disarmament through TV: peace education in Albania
		Education for peace and disarmament was discussed as a way of sustaining the physical removal of weapons.
		Televised discussions such as this one are important in highlighting the significance of disarmament in the development of Albanian society.
		Elton Skendaj is the national project coordinator for "Peace and Disarmament Education to Disarm Children and Youth", a joint project of the UN Department for Disarmament Affairs and Hague Appeal for Peace.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1309/is_3_41/ai_n8565558 (666 words)

	Education in Non-Member Economies:News Archive (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Reform of education, training and human resource development is an integral part of the transition to a democratic society and market economy.
		The goal for tertiary education was to achieve an enrolment ratio of 15% of the 18-22 age group.
		Reform of education, training and human resource management is an integral part of the transition to a democratic society and to economic prosperity.
	www.oecd.org /NewsArchives/0,2552,en_2649_34723_1_1_1_1_37419,00.html (364 words)

	Albania (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Albania started vocational education and training reform in 1993 but the process lost momentum due to financial problems, social unrest in 1996–1997 and the Kosovo crisis.
		In 1989 there were 380 VET schools in the country, attended by almost 90% of secondary education students.
		Two separate Strategies on Employment and Vocational Training were prepared in 2003, one by the Ministry of Education and one by the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs (MoLSA).
	www.etf.eu.int /etfweb.nsf/pages/albania (193 words)

	albania (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The events of the week were organized around a one-day symposium on "The Value of Adult Education in Albania as a Means of Overcoming Insecurities" ("Java e te mesurarit gjate gjithe jetes").
		The Ministries for Education, Work and Culture as well as a large range of NGOs contributed to the prepration and execution of events, and contacts were established with partners from international organizations.
		Initiated by the Institute for International Cooperation of the German Adult Education Association and supported by the national Ministries of Education and Science, of Employment and Social Affairs, and of Culture, as well as by the City of Tirana, the first Albanian Festival of Lifelong Learning was organized on 21 - 27 October 2001.
	www.unesco.org /education/uie/InternationalALW/countries/albania.html (368 words)

	Transportation, Communication, and Education (from Albania) -- Britannica Student Encyclopedia
		The first railroad line in Albania was built in 1948 linking Tiranë with Durrës on the coast and Elbasan in the interior.
		More results on "Transportation, Communication, and Education (from Albania)" when you join.
		Washington-based nonprofit, maritime research, education, and promotion organization, whose constituent companies participate in the nation's deep-sea foreign and domestic shipping trades, and barge and tugboat operations.
	www.britannica.com /ebi/article-196154?ct= (829 words)

	Center for Peace and Disarmament Education in Albania/Qendra Shqiptare e Edukimit per Paqe dhe Çarmatim
		This is an innovative pilot project of the UN Department for Disarmament Affairs (UNDDA) and the Hague Appeal for Peace (HAP) in four countries, Albania, Niger, Peru, and Cambodia.
		In Albania it is run by a working group of organizations and individuals that are coordinated by the Albanian Center for Peace and Disarmament Education, a center that researches and promotes peace and disarmament education in Albania.
		The overall objective of the international "Peace and Disarmament Education" programme is to contribute to the transformation from cultures of violence into cultures of peace.
	www.cpde.net (367 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Regulation of Distance Education in Albania(19 May 1998) proposed by National Board of Distance Education is approved by the Minister of Education and Science in Albania.
		The trend in the Albanian higher education is to increase the number of full-time students and in the same time to decrease the number of students in the old system of correspondence, which suffers a big gap in quality.
		The need to increase the student enrollment in the higher education in Albania is justified in order to meet European averages and to provide study places for relatively high number of secondary school graduates.
	www.american.edu /IRVINE/bardhyl/ED_Alb.htm (864 words)

	The Social Studies: Democratic Citizenship Education in Albania.@ HighBeam Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Albania's current struggle to organize itself into a democratic government is examined.
		The author reviews how educators and nongovernmental organizations strive to learn about democratic citizenship education to better inform citizens about participating in a democratic society.
		During the past quarter-century," Andreas Schedler (1998, 91) pointed out, "the 'third wave' of global democratization has brought more than 60 countries around the world from authoritarian rule toward some kind of democratic regime." He went on to explain the difficulty those countries have had as they moved...
	highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?docid=1G1:58445590&refid=ink_tptd_mag (201 words)

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