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Topic: Educational essentialism

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	Educational essentialism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Educational Cybernetics Course for Educational Cybersystemics, a way of understanding and improving educational ventures and learning conversations at the Concordia University.
		USC Department of Educational Psychology The University of South Carolina Department of Educational Psychology consists of three program areas: Educational Psychology, Research, and Foundations; Special Education; and the Counselor Education.
		Educational Psychology Interactive Provides an overview of the major topics and issues discussed in educational psychology and how these can be applied in school settings to prepare young people for success in the 21st century.
	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-Educational_essentialism.html (405 words)

	Spa Essentials -- Recommendations and Resources (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Essentialism is the belief and practice centered around a philosophical claim that for any specific kind of entity it is at least theoretically possible to specify a finite list of characteristics, all of which any entity must have to belong to the group defined.
		Essential tremor is often found in more than one member of a family (familial tremor), in which case it is usually dominant in inheritance, or it may occur with no family history.
		An essential oil, also known as volatile oil and ethereal oil, is a water-immiscible liquid produced by distillation from plant material that is used in perfumes, cosmetics, incenses, and in medicine.
	www.becomingapediatrician.com /health/135/spa-essentials.html (1364 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The educational theory that emphasizes the authority of the teacher and the value of the subject-matter curriculum is essentialism.
		Educators are concerned with the extent of which the impairment affects the person’s ability to speak and understand spoken language.
		Educational Considerations The belief that students with special gifts or talents do not need specially designed education works against talent development; special school supports are needed if they are to achieve their full potential.
	www.aamu.edu /Education/TSC/studyprofessionalbasic.doc (17460 words)

	St. Thomas Aquinas College
		Essentialism holds that there is a common core of information and skills that an educated person in a given culture must have.
		Behaviorism is a psychological and educational theory that hods that one's behavior is determined by environment, not heredity.
		Progressivism is an educational theory that emphasizes that ideas should be tested by experimentation and that learning is rooted in questions developed by learners.
	www.stac.edu /mmf/chapter11-2002.html (602 words)

	Educational essentialism -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		In (The activities of educating or instructing or teaching; activities that impart knowledge or skill) education essentialism is a theory that states that children should learn the traditional basic subjects and that these should be learned thoroughly and rigorously.
		Essentialism is related to the (Click link for more info and facts about cultural literacy) cultural literacy movement, which advocates the teaching of a core set of knowledge common to (and assumed to be possessed by) members of a culture or society.
		For a discussion of other educational philosophies, see (Click link for more info and facts about educational philosophies) educational philosophies and (Click link for more info and facts about education reform) education reform.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/e/ed/educational_essentialism.htm (194 words)

	The Case for Essentialism in Education
		Essentialism and Progressivism are terms currently used to represent two schools of educational theory that have been in conflict over a long period of time—centuries in fact.
		The two schools of educational theory differ primarily in the relative emphasis given to each term as corn pared with its mate, for what both schools at tempt is an integration of the dualisms which are brought so sharply into focus when the opposites are set off against one another.
		Nor is it accidental that a knowledge of the world that lies beyond one’s immediate experience has been among the recognized essentials of universal education, and that at least a speaking acquaintance with man’s past and especially with the story of one’s country was early provided for in the program of the universal school.
	www.spu.edu /online/essentialism_in_ed.htm (3923 words)

	instructional technology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		It is totally different from the traditional theories of education, because it focuses on the idea that children should be free to develop naturally, people’s experience is the best way of learning, teachers are regarded as resources to guide and mentor learning, closer cooperation is built upon school and home.
		Essentialism is based on the belief that universe and all its elements are governed by encompassing law and pre-established order, so our task is to understand this law and order so that we may use and adjust to it.
		However, essentialism cannot be regarded as adequate for a time of cultural transformation, because it has well-established moral, political, and other attitudes and habits of thought.
	www.public.iastate.edu /~yahongx/CI501/TMPahxql6601h.htm (773 words)

	Introduction to Educational Philosophy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The term essentialism as an educational philosophy was originally popularized in the 1930s by the American educator William Bagley (1874-1946).
		Similarly, while essentialism reflects the traditional American view that the "real" world is the physical world we experience with our senses, perennialism is more open to the notion that universal spiritual forms--such as those posited by Plato or by theological philosophers--are equally real.
		Perennialists regard essentialism, and its view that knowledge stems primarily from the empirical findings of scientists, as undermining the importance of our capacity to reason as individuals; that is, to think deeply, analytically, flexibly, and imaginatively.
	www.msubillings.edu /shobbs/educational_Philosophy.htm (4073 words)

	Ashley Daugherty (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		I believe the purpose of education is to teach the students how to think and come up with thoughtful answers instead of regurgitating facts.
		Essentialism is another philosophy from which I draw some of my beliefs.
		The most important aspect of any educational philosophy should be the students and their welfare and education.
	pigseye.kennesaw.edu /~adaugher/philedu.htm (493 words)

	Educational Philosophy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		There are many practices in education that we perform without ever thinking "why".
		By studying educational philosophy, we will better understand why schools are the way they are and why we in agricultural education do what we do.
		Essentialism is very similar to a combination of idealism and realism.
	www.cals.ncsu.edu:8050 /agexed/leap/aee500/class12.html (231 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The term essentialism as an educational philosophy was originally popularized in the 1930s by the American educator William Bagley (1874Ä1946).
		Early in the twentieth century, essentialism was criticized as being too rigid to prepare students adequately for adult life.
		Essentialists urge that the most essential or basic academic skills and knowledge be taught to all students.
	edweb.sdsu.edu /LShaw/f95syll/philos/phessent.html (611 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Ideas from essentialism also agree with my thoughts on students in education, where students are trained to understand important people, events, ideas, and institutions that not only shape American society, but worldwide societies as well.
		Education for the students using bits and pieces of each of these philosophies is the key to success.
		Technology as a subject also is viewed as essential in my eclectic educational philosophy, so studying computer science, along with current issues, events, significant crises of the world, and ways to solve problems will be included within my areas of knowledge worth knowing.
	www.willamette.edu /~kalegado/edphilosophy.html (745 words)

	ESSENTIALISM (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		S/he is responsible for the education and intellectual growth of his/her students.
		Education requires the mastery of content, of subject matter.
		This criticism is especially important in the age of the computer where factual content and data are readily available at the touch of a few keys on the computer.
	www.edst.purdue.edu /georgeoff/phil_am_ed/ESSENTIALISM.html (334 words)

	Kim's Web Page
		Schools are in trouble, which is to say that essentialism is in trouble, since the American conservative tradition in education has managed to maintain its domination of American schools in spite of all efforts to dislodge it.
		The main idea is to make all of education an intellectual enterprise, a teaching and in fact, a training of the mind in those aspects of life that lead to intelligence and capable abilities to function in society both as a citizen and one economically able to care for oneself.
		The material may be religious and it may be secular, but it rests upon elitist principles, holding to a core of essential subjects as the received tradition to pass down and to the rigors of intellectual discipline in the development and the use of the mind.
	www.uah.edu /colleges/liberal/education/S1998/k.html (1677 words)

	CHAPTER ONE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Essentialism more strongly emphasizes the importance of knowledge and skills that are useful in today’s world than does perennialism.
		Essentialism strongly emphasizes learner-centered instruction and the development of self-esteem, whereas perennialism does not.
		Identify the educational goal, curriculum emphasis, and teaching methods that are most closely associated with each of the educational philosophies—perennialism, essentialism, progressivism, and postmodernism.
	arapaho.nsuok.edu /~moody/careyka/ch6.htm (2055 words)

	General Foundations Cluster Companion Website Chapter 3 -- Web Links (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Essentialism is one of five theories of education presented at this site.
		Perennialism is one of four educational philosophies briefly defined.
		The Center for Dewey Studies at Southern Illinois University at Carbondale was established in 1961 as the "Dewey Project." In the course of collecting and editing Dewey's works, the Center amassed a wealth of source materials for the study of America's quintessential philosopher-educator, John Dewey.
	cwx.prenhall.com /bookbind/pubbooks/foundations-cluster/chapter3/destinations1/deluxe-content.html (779 words)

	Educational Theory in American Schools
		Educational theory is the application of philosophy to the classroom.
		Essential schools required to analyze what curriculum should be and change the curriculum to emphasize this core.
		Education should be a process of developing a free, self-actualizing person, centered on the feelings of the student.
	www.slc.sevier.org /edtheor.htm (1057 words)

	PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVES IN EDUCATION
		The core of the curriculum is essential knowledge and skills and academic rigor.
		Although this educational philosophy is similar in some ways to Perennialism, Essentialists accept the idea that this core curriculum may change.
		Reconstructionist educators focus on a curriculum that highlights social reform as the aim of education.
	oregonstate.edu /instruct/ed416/PP3.html (888 words)

	News Mississippi State University Libraries (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Educational philosophy is a highly interdisciplinary area of study, drawing on the fields of education, philosophy, history, ethics, and even religion.
		ERIC is one of the major sources of information for educational research.
		An international association of scholars in the area of educational philosophy.
	library.msstate.edu /li/course_support/Educational_Philosophy.asp (971 words)

	Enter Main Keyword - Education In Japan Occupied Reform
		...occupied japan, education in japan occupied reform, antique occupied japan.....pepper salt, educational in japan occupied reform, city in japan, city of.....post war world, 2 educational...
		Education News For Educators And Students Education is essential.
		Educational reform in.....Seminary..Chikusa-ku, Nagoya..Education reform..Educational.....about Educational reform in occupied Japan...
	www.japanrelated.com /directory/education-in-japan-occupied-reform.html (310 words)

	Educational reform in occupied Japan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The Japanese methods were nearly opposite to that of the United States: control of schools was highly centralized, rote memorization of verbatim book knowledge without much interaction described the standard student-teacher relationship and the study texts were described as boring.
		The ratio of school years was made to resemble that of the United States' which was 6 years Elementary education : 4 years Secondary education : 4 years higher education.
		A less centralized hierarchy of school administrators was introduced; totally unprecedented, parents were allowed to vote for school boards.
	www.kiwipedia.com /educational-reform-in-occupied-japan.html (164 words)

	Clinton Collins / TRUTH AS A COMMUNICATIVE VIRTUE IN A POSTMODERN AGE: FROM DEWEY TO RORTY
		Havel would replace these with each individual’s unique experience of the world, his or her sense of justice and ability to see things from the perspectives of others, and “faith in the importance of particular measures,” as opposed to the large-scale plans characteristic of modernity.
		Communicative virtues provide tiny anchors in that confusion: justification for continuing education in the form of conversations when people are losing their sense of certainty in the results of inquiry.
		Rorty, whose attacks on essentialism helped earn him the designation “postmodern,” is willing to compromise with Hirsch’s educational essentialism when he deems that the pragmatic demands of the nation’s elementary and secondary schools require it.
	www.ed.uiuc.edu /EPS/PES-Yearbook/93_docs/COLLINS.HTM (3208 words)

	Research Guide: Philosophy of Education - Boston College
		Two related research guides may be useful: Databases and Indexes Useful for Educational Research and Research Guide: Philosophy.
		A professional association of educational philosophers whose annual meeting is held in the mid-west.
		All presentations (full-text) of the Annual Meeting of the Philosophy of Education Society from 1992 to 1999.
	www.bc.edu /libraries/research/guides/s-philoseduc (1092 words)

	Philosophy: A Personal Philosophy of Education
		A teacher's personal philosophy of education is a critical element in his or her approach to guiding children along the path of enlightenment.
		The first, American Essentialism, is grounded in a conservative philosophy that accepts the social, political, economic structure of American society.
		I believe that all children can achieve their full potential as they follow the educational path, if they are given the basics the Essentialists extol, the individualism and cooperative learning environments the Progressivists commend, the reinforcement of Behaviorism, and the three C's of the schoolhome.
	www.schoolmarm.org /portfolio/gen-phil.html (1483 words)

	Untitled
		An effective education is not aimed at the immediate needs of the students or society.
		Academic rigor is an essential component of education.
		Education should focus on the discussion of tuneless questions such as "What is
	www.uh.edu /~twalker/philofedwksht.html (692 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		This is unfair because the amount of work a person does should reflect how much that person earns, not the fact that the individual is a man or a woman.
		This movement from traditional to modern helps to move toward the view that women are becoming equal to men in their abilities.
		This debate also relates to essentialism (an educational theory that ideas and skills basic to a culture should be taught to all alike by time-tested methods) for the reason that the skills and ideas that are taught should be the same for each person, male or female.
	www2.hawaii.edu /~sunki/course.arc/soc100wi/e8-10.txt (674 words)

	chet_webb_foundations_4\|The Impact of Educational Theories on Ed\|Internet Resources
		Educational Theory, founded by the John Dewey Society and the Philosophy of Education Society, is a journal that publishes works on the philosophy of education.
		Essentialism, progressivism, perennialism, existentialism, and behaviorism are described.
		This site provides an overview of progressivism, perennialism, essentialism, and reconstructionism and their implications on educational practice.
	wps.prenhall.com /chet_webb_foundations_4/0,7304,577676-,00.html (241 words)

	Houghton Mifflin Textbook - Chapter Objectives
		Identify essential characteristics of the following educational theories: perennialism, essentialism, progressivism, and critical theory.
		Describe how educational philosophies and theories affect schools' statement of purposes and goals, curriculum, instruction, and values.
		How do philosophies and theories of education influence curriculum and teaching and learning in schools, including what is claimed to be true in the curriculum, methods of instruction, teachers' ethical relationships with students and with each other, and attitudes toward cultural diversity?
	college.hmco.com /education/ornstein/foundations/9e/instructors/chapter_objectives/ch04.html (474 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Aristotle wrote that passage more than 2,300 years ago, and today educators are still debating the issues he raised.
		Different approaches to resolving these and other fundamental issues have given rise to different schools of thought in the philosophy of education.
		Taken together, these five schools of thought do not exhaust the list of possible educational philosophies you may adopt, but they certainly present strong frameworks from which you can create your own educational philosophy.
	edweb.sdsu.edu /LShaw/f95syll/philos/phintro.html (230 words)

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