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	Edward Frankland Summary
		Frankland's concept of valence was crucial in the later development of structural theory and structural formula s, the attempts to show how atoms are physically connected to each other in molecules.
		Frankland was knighted in 1897 and died while on vacation in Norway on August 9, 1899.
		One of the purposes of the expedition was to discover whether the rate of combustion of a candle varies with the density of the atmosphere in which it is burnt, a question which was answered in the negative.
	www.bookrags.com /Edward_Frankland (1130 words)

	Chemical Bonding Concept/Skills Development
		Edward Frankland(1825 - 1899) Frankland developed a theory of valence following research into the properties of zinc methyl, a new reactive organometallic compound, and a series of alkyl-conjugated metals which had different combining powers than the metals alone.
		On May 10, 1852, Frankland published an article describing the fixed combining powers of elements which he termed `atomicity.' This term was renamed valence.
		Frankland's work on valence, along with an international agreement on atomic weight values signed shortly thereafter united various theoretical schools of chemists into the field of structural chemistry.
	www.okstate.edu /jgelder/bondpage37.html (742 words)

	Frankland, Sir Edward - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		FRANKLAND, SIR EDWARD [Frankland, Sir Edward] 1825-99, English chemist.
		He made studies of water purification; of flame and luminosity with John Tyndall; of gases with J. Lockyer, with whom he discovered helium; and of the chemistry of foods.
		His work on water purification was continued by his son, Percy Faraday Frankland, 1858-1946, also a chemist, who with his wife, Grace Toynbee Frankland, conducted bacteriological studies.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-franklan.html (264 words)

	Edward Frankland - Cambridge University Press
		This is the first scientific biography of Edward Frankland, probably the most eminent chemist of nineteenth-century Britain.
		Frankland discovered the chemical bond and founded the science of organometallic chemistry.
		‘Edward Frankland was arguably the most important British chemist of the 19th century … his merits have not been appreciated, nor has his story been fully told.
	www.cambridge.org /uk/catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=0521496365 (440 words)

	Zinc Alkyls, Edward Frankland, and the Beginnings of Main-Group Organometallic Chemistry
		Frankland was a main participant in these developments, and he quickly had company; chemists from Germany, France, England, and Russia were attracted into this new area on the borderline of organic and inorganic chemistry.
		Edward Frankland was born on January 18, 1825, in Lancashire, England, the illegitimate son of a distinguished lawyer.
		Frankland served as president of the Chemical Society (1871-1873) and was the founding president of the Institute of Chemistry in 1877.
	pubs.acs.org /cgi-bin/jtextd?orgnd7/20/14/html/om010439f.html (11244 words)

	WebElements Chemistry Books Store (Canada) - Essential Trends in Inorganic Chemistry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The basic methodology developed in Essential trends in inorganic chemistry will enable the student to apply these basic principles to other problems and to assimilate more detailed accounts of modern inorganic chemistry in a structured way.
		D. Mingos is Sir Edward Frankland BP Professor of Inorganic Chemistry at Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London, and Dean of the Royal College of Science.
		He is the author of Essentials of inorganic chemistry (1995) also published by Oxford University Press and Introduction to Cluster Chemistry (with D. Wales).
	astore.amazon.ca /webelements03-20/detail/0198501080 (372 words)

	§22. Frankland. VIII. The Literature of Science. Vol. 14. The Victorian Age, Part Two. The Cambridge History of ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In 1852, Edward Frankland applied the notion of equivalency to the atoms of elements, that is, homogeneous substances which have not been separated into unlike parts.
		He arranged the elements in groups, the atoms of those in any one group being of equal value in exchange, inasmuch as each of these atoms combines with the same number of other atoms to form molecules.
		When Frankland’s conception had been developed, and the method of determining the equivalency of atoms made more definite and more workable, a vast new field of enquiry was opened, a field which has proved remarkably fruitful both in purely scientific work, and in applied chemistry.
	www.bonus.com /contour/bartlettqu/http@@/www.bartleby.com/224/0822.html (259 words)

	Frankland, Edward (1825-1899) -- from Eric Weisstein's World of Scientific Biography
		Frankland, Edward (1825-1899) -- from Eric Weisstein's World of Scientific Biography
		English chemist who was the first to study organometallic compounds.
		He also developed the valence concept, which states that each type of atom has a fixed capacity to combine with other atoms (a fixed number of valence sites).
	scienceworld.wolfram.com /biography/Frankland.html (62 words)

	The University of Manchester
		The names of acclaimed chemists Sir Henry Enfield Roscoe and Sir Edward Frankland will appear on the front of the building which was originally home to Owens College when it opened in 1851.
		Sir Edward Frankland propounded the theory of Valency, created one of the first successful water purification processes and was a co-discoverer of helium in the sun through spectroscopy.
		Frankland was born at Cotteral, nine miles North of Preston.
	www.manchester.ac.uk /press/title,18360,en.htm (441 words)

	Frankland Sir Edward - Search Results - MSN Encarta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Frankland Sir Edward - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Frankland, Sir Edward (1825-1899), British chemist, who determined that the atom of one element can combine only with specific numbers of atoms of...
		Perkin, William Henry (1860-1929), British organic chemist, elder son of the pioneer of synthetic dyes, Sir William Henry Perkin.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /Frankland_Sir_Edward.html (113 words)

	Ravenstonedale community web site, Ravenstonedale, Kirkby Stephen, Cumbria
		Faraday and my great grandfather, Edward Frankland, an eminent scientist who discovered valency, (the principle ruling the combining powers of chemical elements), were friends and hence Faraday became my grandfather's Godfather.
		My father, Edward Percy Frankland, a lecturer in Chemistry at Birmingham University, was, at the time of the acquisition of the farm, a bachelor living at home with his parents and therefore took an active part in the whole project.
		Once the Franklands were established at Needlehouse, they soon became friends with the Metcalfe-Gibsons of Coldbeck House in Ravenstonedale and in 1915 my father married the second daughter, Maud, who became my mother.
	www.kk.ravenstonedale.org /frankland/index.htm (1266 words)

	place page name here (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The true founder of organometallic as a branch of chemistry was one of Bunsen's student Edward Frankland.
		Edward first synthesised organo zinc compounds by treating organo halides with zinc metal.
		From these discovery's the term "Organometallic" was coined for compounds containing direct carbon-metal bonds and Frankland realised the importance of the valency of elements(combining power).
	easyweb.easynet.co.uk /~miky/projtpag/page7.htm (348 words)

	No. 2036: Edward Frankland
		Edward Frankland's work was built upon, and then forgotten by most.
		Frankland was a father of the crucially important concept of chemical valence.
		Then, when he died, his dedicated disciple Henry Edward Armstrong was given the task of writing his biography for the Chemistry Society's published Memorial Lecture.
	www.uh.edu /engines/epi2036.htm (509 words)

	Alkyl and Aryl Derivatives of the Alkali Metals: Useful Synthetic Reagents as Strong Bases and Potent Nucleophiles. 1. ...
		This discovery was followed soon thereafter by the preparation of alkyl compounds of other main-group metals by Frankland and other chemists in England, Germany, and France: derivatives of mercury, tin, lead, antimony, bismuth, and cadmium by 1856.
		Frankland had briefly investigated the sealed-tube reaction of ethyl iodide with potassium in 1847 in his first independent attempt to isolate the ethyl "radical".
		He fell out with Frankland during a bitter and acrimonious dispute over whose analysis of organic nitrogen in water was the better one.
	pubs.acs.org /cgi-bin/sample.cgi/orgnd7/2006/25/i01/html/om058054a.html (15179 words)

	AllRefer.com - Sir Edward Frankland (Chemistry, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		His work on water purification was continued by his son, Percy Faraday Frankland, 1858–1946, also a chemist, who with his wife, Grace Toynbee Frankland, conducted bacteriological studies.
		He and his wife wrote Micro-organisms in Water (1894) and Pasteur (1898).
		More articles from AllRefer Reference on Sir Edward Frankland
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/F/Franklan.html (200 words)

	Professor Vernon Gibson (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Vernon Gibson is the Sir Edward Frankland BP Professor of Inorganic Chemistry.
		He studied for his D.Phil under Professor Malcolm Green at the University of Oxford, and then spent two years as a NATO postdoctoral fellow with Professor John Bercaw at Caltech.
		• Sir Edward Frankland Fellowship of the Royal Society of Chemistry (1992/3)
	www.ch.ic.ac.uk /vgibson/bio.htm (167 words)

	Muntham Court, Findon Village Antiquities www.findonvillage.com
		THIS IS FINDON VILLAGE — the website containing everything you are ever likely to want to know about Muntham Court.
		1798 — Royalty in the Area during the time of William Frankland
		1925 — The Shooting of Edward Wormald Thynne
	www.findonvillage.com /indmun.htm (152 words)

	Imperial College London - Nobel laureate gives Imperial lecture
		Speaking at the Sir Edward Frankland Award Lecture of the Royal Society of Chemistry, Professor Schrock spoke to staff and students from Imperial.
		Professor Schrock, was awarded his Nobel Prize 'for the development of the metathesis method in organic synthesis'.
		, FRS, Sir Edward Frankland Professor of Inorganic Chemistry at Imperial, and a collaborator of Professor Schrock's said: "The prize has been awarded for a reaction of fundamental importance in the construction of pharmaceuticals and polymeric materials.
	www.ic.ac.uk /P6945.htm (290 words)

	[No title]
		Henry Edward Armstrong was born in Lewisham on May 6
		In 1865, at the age of 17, he joined the Royal College of Chemistry as a research assistant to Sir Edward Frankland.
		During his two years at the Royal College, he devised with Sir Frankland a way to detect impurities in drinking water making typhoid a preventable disease.
	www.jergym.hiedu.cz /~canovm/mechanic/pravidla/armstron/a.htm (578 words)

	Rebecca Neech - Neech Family Tree
		My mother was born Elaine FRANKLAND and it is this family that I am currently tracing.
		My mother's grandfather Arthur Edward FRANKLAND (b 1867, Saxmundham, Suffolk) married her grandmother Ada Emma SINGLETON (b 1872, Richmond, Surrey) about 1893.
		James FRANKLAND (b 1873, Beccles) is one of Arthur FRANKLAND's brothers.
	users.bigpond.net.au /neech/people/rebe-349.htm (275 words)

	Edward Frankland, Excerpt from The Bear of Britain (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Edward Frankland, Excerpt from The Bear of Britain
		A man awakened Cissa where he lay with his head pillowed on a saddle.
		On the nearest swell was the crater-like silhouette of an abandoned fortress.
	www.lib.rochester.edu /camelot/Badon/frankland.htm (589 words)

	Publisher description for Library of Congress control number 95040319
		Publisher description for Edward Frankland : chemistry, controversy, and conspiracy in Victorian England / Colin A. Russell.
		Russell's authoritative account discloses, amongst much else, this web of conspiracy in the scientific community, and will be of great interest to professional chemists, historians of science, and general readers concerned with the social fabric of Victorian England.
		Library of Congress subject headings for this publication: Frankland, Edward, Sir, 1825-1899, Chemists Great Britain Biography
	www.loc.gov /catdir/description/cam027/95040319.html (208 words)

	Scotland in the 19th century: Section 8.15: Pollution [ebook chapter] / J A Haythornthwaite, 1993
		II Evidence xii, 400p., maps, [C. Report by Sir William Thomas Denison, Edward Frankland and John Chalmers Morton.
		Fifth report of the Commissioners appointed in 1868.
		[C. Report by Sir William Thomas Denison, Edward Frankland and John Chalmers Morton.
	gdl.cdlr.strath.ac.uk /haynin/haynin0815.htm (1277 words)

	eBay - edward bear, Bears, Records items on eBay.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Arthur the Bear of Britain Edward Frankland - Chaosium
		EDWARD - JUNIOR WARMHEART - TEDDY BEDDY BEAR
		LE baby Edward teddy bear with box and cert
	search-desc.ebay.com /search/search.dll?query=edward+bear&newu=1&krd=1 (350 words)

	AIM25: Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine: ARMSTRONG (Second Series)
		Related material: Papers of Henry Edward Armstrong (B/ARMSTRONG), records of the City and Guilds of London Institute (F), Finsbury Technical College (FA) and City and Guilds College (FC-FS), held at Imperial College.
		Correspondence with Sir Oliver Lodge, 1885-1932, held at London University, University College Manuscripts Room (reference: MS ADD 89); correspondence with Thomas Martin Lowry, 1925, held at Cambridge University Library, Department of Manuscripts and University Archives (reference: Add 8678); miscellaneous letters held at the Royal Society.
		Armstrong and science education edited, with an introduction, by G Van Praagh (London, Murray, [1973]); Henry Edward Armstrong, 1848-1937 by John Vargas Eyre (Butterworths Scientific Publications, London, 1958).
	www.aim25.ac.uk /cats/3/2226.htm (440 words)

	A Dictionary of Scientists: Frankland, Sir Edward @ HighBeam Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		A Dictionary of Scientists: Frankland, Sir Edward @ HighBeam Research
		Frankland, Sir Edward (1825–1899) British organic chemist Born at Churchtown near Lancaster, Frankland was first apprenticed to a pharmacist in Lancaster; he was later encouraged to go to London to study chemistry under Lyon Playfair at the Royal College of Engineers (1845).
		He became Playfair's assistant in 1847 and studied extensively in Europe with Robert Bunsen and Justus von Liebig.
	highbeam.com /doc/1O84:FranklandSirEdward/Frankland,+Sir+Edward+... (150 words)

	AIM25: Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine: ARMSTRONG papers
		Scope and content/abstract: Papers of Professor Henry Edward Armstrong, 1866-1939, comprising correspondence, 1867-1939; papers relating to diplomas, 1866-1934; notes on a course of practical work for Science mistresses, 1897; notebooks of scientific experiments by Nora and Harold Armstrong, 1898.
		Papers of Professor Henry Edward Armstrong and Edward Frankland Armstrong, 1819-1945, (second series) comprising personal papers, 1865-1951, printed material and correspondence, 1884-1885; press-cuttings, 1922; photographs and prints, 1819-1929; correspondence, 1864-1945; notebooks kept by Henry Edward's children, 1898.
		System of arrangement: The papers are arranged in sections according to the scope and content.
	www.aim25.ac.uk /cats/3/2233.htm (471 words)

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