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Topic: Edward Hugh Hebern

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Edward Hebern

Hebern Electric Code

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	Hebern Rotor Machine
		The Hebern Rotor Machine was an electro-mechanical encryption machine built by combining the mechanical parts of a standard typewriter with the electrical parts of an electric typewriter, connecting the two through a scrambler.
		Prior to the introduction of the Hebern machine, encryption almost always consisted of matching the plaintext to be encyphered against a set of substitution alphabets, randomized series of letters.
		Edward Hugh Hebern (April 23, 1869- 1952) was a building contractor who was jailed in 1908 for stealing a horse.
	www.guajara.com /wiki/en/wikipedia/h/he/hebern_rotor_machine.html (961 words)

	Edward Hebern - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Hebern started a company to market the Hebern rotor machine; one of his employees was Agnes Meyer, who left the Navy in Washington DC to work for Hebern in California.
		Hebern's implementation of his idea was less secure than he believed, for William F. Friedman found at least one method of attack when it was offered to the US Government.
		Hebern was born in Streator, Illinois on April 23, 1869.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Edward_Hebern (281 words)

	Hebern rotor machine - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It is the first example (though just barely) of a class of machines known as rotor machines that would became the primary form of encryption during World War II and for some time after, and which included such famous examples as the German Enigma.
		Edward Hugh Hebern was a building contractor who was jailed in 1908 for stealing a horse.
		Hebern was so convinced of the future success of the system that he formed the Hebern Electric Code company with money from several investors.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hebern_Rotor_Machine (902 words)

	Edward I - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about Edward I (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		He was succeeded by his son Edward II (1284–1327).
		Edward built a number of castles, including the northern Welsh Conway castle, Caernarvon castle, Beaumaris castle, and Harlech castle.
		This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /Edward+I (222 words)

	AmericanHeritage.com / THE EDISON OF SECRET CODES
		Edward Hebern’s machines made that possible and were dispensable for America’s military, yet they never earned him enough to live on.
		Hebern was a sturdy five feet nine inches tall with a thick shock of brown hair and cobalt blue eyes.
		Hebern’s original five-rotor machine and the Mark II did share at least one feature: Their enciphering rotors were wired according to a principle known as the interval method.
	www.americanheritage.com /articles/magazine/it/1994/1/1994_1_34.shtml (5527 words)

	[No title]
		Hebern chose his wiring to produce as flat a polyalphabetic frequency distribution as possible.
		This is the construction of the Hebern rotors.
		After the modified Hebern machine was shown to be less secure than thought, a new cryptograph was designed and developed by the Navy during the years 1932-34.
	www.math.utoledo.edu /~codentha/Cryptanalysis/lanaki/lanaki22.txt (18539 words)

	Die Enigma Schlüsselmaschine
		The Enigma is an electro-mechanical rotor cypher machine which was used during the World War II also on German submarines.
		It is assumed that the functional principle the rotor cypher machine goes back to the American building contractor Edward Hugh Hebern (1869 - 1952) which introduced in 1917 for the first time a rotating device to the polyalphabetical substitution with independent alphabets.
		Actually, however, Arvid Damm in Sweden (patent application on October 10, 1919), Hugo Alexander Koch in the Netherlands (patent application on October 7, 1919) and Edward Hebern (patent application in 1917) in the USA independently of each other developed the rotor principle.
	www.ubootkameradschaft-kiel.de /en/archive/enigma.htm (872 words)

	Welcome to enigmatec GmbH, Berlin
		If the initial condition is known, all subsequent conditions are known as well; thus an encoded message can be decoded again.
		The invention of Enigma's internal principal goes back to the American building contractor Edward Hugh Hebern (1869 - 1952), who invented in 1917 a rotary device for a polyalphabetic substitution method using independent alphabets.
		Strangely enough, the American military did not show interest in its machine.
	www.enigmatec.de /english/home_enigma.shtml (1039 words)

	Enigma Machine
		The search to replace the impractical and time-consuming hand ciphers began.
		In 1917, the American Edward Hugh Hebern developed a cipher machine with rotating disks, each disk performing a substitution cipher.
		Hebern's idea was the base for many similar machines, developed in several other countries.
	users.telenet.be /d.rijmenants/en/enigma.htm (2029 words)

	crypto-modern
		As we have already seen, the late nineteenth century was the age of the technical entrepreneur.
		The main functional component was a modern-day Alberti disk: it returned a cipher character for every input plain character, and it did this by means of covert internal wiring.
		The patent was awarded 30th September 1924, and, because Hebern was the first to deliver a working system, such rotors are sometimes referred to as "Hebern wheels" (eg.
	www.smithsrisca.demon.co.uk /crypto-modern.html (3362 words)

	Short History of Crypto
		The company is still in operation, although facing controversy for having allegedly weakened a cipher product for sale to Iran.
		It improved on the rotor inventions of Hebern and Scherbius by using pseudo-random stepping of multiple rotors on each enciphering step rather than have uniform, odometer-like stepping of rotors as in Enigma.
		It also used 15 rotors (10 for character transformation, 5 probably for controlling stepping) rather than the Enigma's 3 or 4.
	www.jproc.ca /crypto/crypto_hist.html (3458 words)

	Miscellaneous Tarrant County, TX, Death Notices
		Cuba of Watauga; mother, Anna Edwards of Columbus, Neb.; six sisters; seven grandchildren; and numerous nieces and nephews.
		Survivors: Sons, Rick Brown of Lewisville and Terry Brown of Keller; daughter, Sandra Surface of Kiowa, Kan.; brothers, Doug Hebern of Arlington, Joe Hebern of Phoenix, Ariz., and Hugh Hebern of Azle; sister, Donna Fitzgerald of Fort Worth; nine grandchildren; and eight great-grandchildren.
		She was preceded in death by her husband, Edward D. Willms.
	www.obitcentral.com /obitsearch/obits/tx/tx-tarrant46.htm (3255 words)

	[No title]
		Edward Frederick Lindley Wood, 1st Earl of Halifax
		Edward Geoffrey Smith Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby
		Edward George Villiers Stanley, 17th Earl of Derby
	www.knowledgefun.com /book/e/ed (32 words)

	The Code Breakers
		The inventor of the first machine to embody the rotor principle was Edward Hugh Hebern (born on April 23, 1869 in Streator, Illinois).
		In 1917, Hebern reduced his ideas to the first drawings made of a rotor system.
		In 1931, the U. Navy purchased 31 of his machines and they were issued by the more important flag officers and were the top cryptographic system in the Navy.
	math.arizona.edu /~dsl/talk.htm (1293 words)

	Notes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		MJ has determined that the Edward Ewing clan in Wyandot Co is not the sa me family.
		She was enamoured of Hugh Sprinkle, who lived on Columbus Ave near Homeste ad.
		On 20 March 1693 Samuel acquired from Edward Clarke of TA Co., shoemake r, and Jane his wife, 100 a.
	www.nwcs.com /VCs/notes.html (18167 words)

	WORLDTIMER FACEOFF
		In the US, an American building contractor called Edward Hugh Hebern invented a rotating device in 1917 for polyalphabetic substitution using independent alphabets.
		Not surprisingly, Hebern only sold 12 machines and went bankrupt.
		Hugo Koch in the Netherlands and Arvid Damm in Sweden were two others who lodged patents for similar devices.
	www.zetleins.onau.net /reviews/worldfaceoff/worldtimer_faceoff.htm (5848 words)

	Timeline of Cryptography Development from CryptoBuddy.com
		Arthur Scherbius incorporated Chiffriermaschinen Aktiengesellschaft to make and sell the Enigma Machine he had invented that same year.
		Kahn attributes it to William F. Friedman while Deavours attributes it to an idea of Frank Rowlett, one of Friedman's first hires.
		It also used fifteen rotors (ten for character transformation, five probably for controlling stepping) rather than the Enigma's three or four.
	www.cryptostick.com /cryptographytimeline.php (4853 words)

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