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Topic: Eidgenossenschaft

	Eidgenossenschaft - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In a historical context, Eidgenossenschaft typically refers to the medieval Swiss Confederacy, which grew from the 13th to the 16th century in central Europe, persisted until 1798 and then evolved into a federal state in the 19th century.
		This term is documented in an alliance from 1351 between the Swiss cantons of Uri, Schwyz and Unterwalden and the cities of Lucerne and Zurich, which referred to themselves as such.
		On the Swiss Eidgenossenschaft, however, the edict had no such effect as Charles IV, who was of the House of Luxembourg, regarded the Swiss as potential useful allies against his rivals, the Habsburgs.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Eidgenossenschaft (450 words)

	Facts about topic: (Eidgenossenschaft) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Eidgenossenschaft is a German (A person of German nationality) term that literally translated means "confederacy (The southern states that seceded from the United States in 1861) of the oath (A solemn promise, usually invoking a divine witness, regarding your future acts or behavior) ".
		In a strict sense an Eidgenossenschaft is a confederacy of equal partners, which can be individuals or groups such as states, formed by a pact sealed by an oath on God (The supernatural being conceived as the perfect and omnipotent and omniscient originator and ruler of the universe; the object of worship in monotheistic religions).
		An important characteristic is that the partners were always considered equal, in contrast to the oath of fealty in feudal societies (additional info and facts about feudal societies) with their strict hierarchies (additional info and facts about hierarchies).
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/E/Ei/Eidgenossenschaft.htm (505 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Eidgenossenschaft
		Eidgenossenschaft is a German term that literally translated means "confederacy of the oath".
		In a strict sense an Eidgenossenschaft is a confederacy of equal partners, which can be individuals or groups such as states, formed by a pact sealed by an oath on God.
		In a historical context, Eidgenossenschaft typically refers to the medieval Swiss Confederacy, which grew from the 13th to the 16th century in central Europe, persisted until 1798 and then evolved into Switzerland in the 19th century.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Eidgenossenschaft (465 words)

	Old Swiss Confederacy - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Eidgenossenschaft of the Swiss, as the confederacy was called, began as an alliance between the communities of the valleys in the central Alps to facilitate the management of common interests such as free trade and to ensure the peace along the important trade routes through the mountains.
		Two similar federations sprung up in neighboring areas in the Alps in the 14th century: in the Grisons, the federation of the Three Leagues (Drei Bünde) was founded, and in the Valais, the Seven Tenths (Sieben Zenden) were formed as a result of the conflicts with the Dukes of Savoy.
		The Eidgenossenschaft had signed "perpetual" alliances with both Glarus and Zug in 1352, and thus, even if these pacts apparently were disregarded only a few years later, this date is often considered the entry of these two cantons into the confederation despite their remaining under Habsburg rule for a few more years.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Old_Swiss_Confederacy (5179 words)

	SWOLD, BATTLE OF - LoveToKnow Article on SWOLD, BATTLE OF (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The authentic early history of the Confederation (seealsoTELL.TscHUDl, and WINKELRIED) is admirably told in W. Oechsli's Die Anfange der schweizerischen Eidgenossenschaft (Zurich, 1891, also in French), as well as in the older work by A. Rilliet, Les Origines de la confederation suisse (2nd ed., Geneva and Basel, 1869).
		For the earlier medieval history (1273-1334) J. Kopp's Geschichte der eidge-nossischen Biinde (5 vols., Leipzig, Lucerne and Basel, 1845-1882) is a perfect storehouse of information, while the medieval political Swiss system in relation to the empire has been very clearly described by W. Oechsli in his article (published in vol.
		Eidgenossenschaft zum Reiche bis zum Schwabenkrieg, 1499," while the same writer's article (published in vol.
	16.1911encyclopedia.org /S/SW/SWOLD_BATTLE_OF.htm (2135 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Swabian War
		Although the Eidgenossenschaft officially remained a part of the empire until the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648, the peace of Basel exempted it from the imperial jurisdiction and imperial taxes and thus de facto acknowledged it as a separate political entity.
		One source of conflict was the ancient distrust, rivalry, and hostility between the Swiss Confederacy and the House of Habsburg, which had risen to the throne of the Holy Roman Emperor since 1438.
		The Swiss were by far not the only members of the empire refusing to accept the resolutions, but Maximilian would use their refusal later as a pretext to place the Swiss Confederacy under an Imperial Ban (Reichsacht).
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Swabian_War (3327 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Zur Erinnerung an den Bund der Eidgenossen vom 1.
		Basel, 1891.â”The second volume of Dierauerâs Geschichte der Schweizerischen Eidgenossenschaft appeared at Gotha, 1892, but goes only to the year 1516, when the history of the Reformation began.
		Eidgenossenschaft und ihre Beziehungen zum Auslande von 1527â“â31.
	www.ccel.org /ccel/schaff/hcc8.txt (17558 words)

	Business and Professional Women International english (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		From the time of the confederation of states in the old Eidgenossenschaft — the name of Switzerland until the French Revolution, precisely until 1789 -, from this time two solothurnish characteristics originate which until today are one time more, one time less cultivated, namely openness and moderation or balance respectively.
		Those characteristics have been among others a wise consequence of the former catholic city-republic of Solothurn, based on its vicinity to the mighty protestant Bern in the west and to the likewise strong protestant Basel in the north.
		In the many regions of crises and war in this world 'balance and dialogue' would still be clever and smart advisors.
	www.so.ch /de/pub/departemente/dbk/sekretariat/sekretariat/reden_gisi/2003/buis_prof_women/busi_prof_wom_engl.htm (1620 words)

	circle.ch :: What do we call the commons in Switzerland?
		Der Ausdruck gehört offenbar nicht zu den früheren Bezeichnungen der Eidgenossenschaft.
		Especially the abbreviation of Confoederatio Helvetica (CH) is nowadays used on number plates for cars and as you can see above as Toplevel Domain for Switzerland.
		Confoederatio Helvetica is simply the official latin name for "Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft".
	www.circle.ch /blog/p1326.html (548 words)

	SWITZERLAND NEWS SWISS NEWS \| HavenWorks.com/world/switzerland capital: Bern, Swiss Confederation, Switzerland, Schweiz ...
		HavenWorks.com/world/switzerland capital: Bern, Swiss Confederation, Switzerland, Schweiz (German), Suisse (French), Svizzera (Italian), Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft (German), Confederation Suisse (French), Confederazione Svizzera (Italian)
		Switzerland News, Swiss News, Switzerland, News, Swiss Confederation, capital, Bern, Schweiz, Suisse, Svizzera, Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft, Confederation Suisse, Confederazione Svizzera
		Government type: formally a confederation, but similar in structure to a federal republic
	havenworks.com /world/switzerland (1090 words)

	Suiça Mapa
		Travel Tours Alps - mapa Suiça Switzerland Europe.
		Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft German, Confederation Suisse Suiça mapa French, Confederazione Svizzera Italian cantons, singular - canton in French; cantoni, singular - Map of Switzerland Europe.
		Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft German, Confederation Suisse French, Confederazione Svizzera Italian cantons, singular - canton in French; cantoni, singular - Map of Switzerland Europe.
	www.europa-mapas.com /suica.htm (1482 words)

	PastryWiz UK: Gersau: 650 Jahre im Bund der Eidgenossenschaft 1332-1982 Books
		PastryWiz UK: Gersau: 650 Jahre im Bund der Eidgenossenschaft 1332-1982 Books
		Books : Gersau: 650 Jahre im Bund der Eidgenossenschaft 1332-1982
		Final prices are determined when you place your order.
	www.pastrywiz.co.uk /amazon-item_id-B0000EAXD3-search_type-AsinSearch-loc-uk.htm (128 words)

	Biennale de Montréal 2002
		Künstlerateliers der Eidgenossenschaft 1999-2000, Claudia & Julia Müller, Bundesamt für Kultur, Bern, 2001,
		Künstlerateliers der Eidgenossenschaft 1999-2000, Kunsthalle St. Gallen, Switzerland
		Art 21/00 Basel, Section Statements, Peter Kilchmann Galerie, Basel, Switzerland
	www.ciac.ca /biennale2002/en/muller.htm (334 words)

	Traveljournals.net - Switzerland Locations List - Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft to Sembrancher
		Traveljournals.net - Switzerland Locations List - Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft to Sembrancher
		/ Explore / Switzerland / Locations / S / Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft to Sembrancher
		Locations in Switzerland begining with S - Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft to Sembrancher
	www.traveljournals.net /explore/switzerland/locations/s/7.html (68 words)

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