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	Trees of Wisconsin: Elaeagnus angustifolia, Russian olive (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Elaeagnus angustifolia was first planted as an ornamental tree and for wildlife cover and sometimes escapes.
		Elaeagnus umbellata is similar but the leaves tend to be a bit wider and the silvery scales on the leaves and twigs often have a few brown scales mixed in.
		Also the fruit of Elaeagnus umbellata is a red juicy berry, as opposed to the silvery dry fruit of Russian olive shown above.
	www.uwgb.edu /BIODIVERSITY/herbarium/trees/elaang01.htm (93 words)

	Elaeagnus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Elaeagnus (Silverberry or Oleaster) is a genus of about 50-70 species of flowering plants in the Elaeagnaceae.
		The fruit is a fleshy drupe containing a single seed; it is edible in many species, though generally lacking a good flavour.
		Elaeagnus species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including The Gothic.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Elaeagnus (208 words)

	Elaeagnus angustifolia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Elaeagnus angustifolia (Russian Silverberry, Oleaster, or Russian-olive) is a species of Elaeagnus, native to western and central Asia, from southern Russia and Kazakhstan to Turkey.
		It is a usually thorny shrub or small tree growing to 5-7 m in height.
		First cultivated in Germany in 1736, it is now widely grown across southern and central Europe, both as an ornamental plant and for its scented flowers and edible fruit.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Elaeagnus_angustifolia (322 words)

	Elaeagnus umbellata (Elaeagnaceae) - HEAR species info (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Information on Elaeagnus umbellata as relevant to Pacific Islands is provided by the Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk project (PIER).
		Elaeagnus umbellata (autumn olive) as an invasive species (information from TNC)
		Information about Elaeagnus umbellata (autumn olive) as an invasive species is provided by The Nature Conservancy.
	www.hear.org /species/elaeagnus_umbellata (331 words)

	Elaeagnus umbellata (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Elaeagnus umbellata is a shrub or small tree with alternate, petioled leaves in small lateral clusters on twigs of the current year.
		Elaeagnus umbellata is native to China, Korea and Japan and was introduced to the United States for cultivation in 1830 (Rehder 1940).
		Elaeagnus umbellata seems to be a problem only in locations where small stands or rows were planted, usually within the last 10-20 years, and have begun to spread into adjacent fields or natural areas.
	tncweeds.ucdavis.edu /esadocs/documnts/elaeumb.html (1364 words)

	Invasives Plant Pests Literature Collection: Elaeagnus umbellata (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Abstract: The distribution of Myrica cerifera-, Elaeagnus umbellata-, and Alnus glutinosa-infective Frankia (MciF, EuiF, and AgiF) was determined in soils from five locations in central Illinois using a plant infection dilution technique.
		N mineralization rates were measured repeatedly over a one year period using in situ incubations of soil cores in oxygen-permeable polyethylene bags at 0-10 and 10-20 cm soil depths, and also by burying mixed-bed ion-exchange resin in soil.
		Elaeagnus plots at one location yielded 236 kg of mineral N/ha/yr in the upper 20 cm of soil, a value higher than previously reported for temperate deciduous forest soils in North America.
	sain.nbii.gov /invasives/species24.shtml (4831 words)

	china virtual museums_banna (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Elaeagnus conferta roxb is a kind of vivacious evergreen shrub.
		The florescence of elaeagnus conferta roxb is from October to November, and its fructifying period is from March to April; the fruit is rich in nutrition and the edible rate of the fruits can be as high as 73.3 -91%.
		Elaeagnus conferta roxb usually grow in mountain areas or in sunny valleys; sometimes, they even grow on Malachi trees and thus forms the miraculous scenes of "one tree growing on the other".
	international.tamu.edu /ipa/english/banna/nationfruit/fru09.html (305 words)

	A Great Seeder, Elaeagnus umbellata – Autumn Olive
		Elaeagnus umbellata or autumn olive has become an invasive species in the eastern U.S. In contrast, this olive’s relative, Elaeagnus angustifolia, Russian olive is a problem in semi-arid western regions of the US, and is considered a small tree.
		Elaeagnus umbellata is a large spreading, spiny-branched shrub often obtaining 3.5 to 5.5 m in height and 3.5 to 5.5 m in width.
		Elaeagnus umbellata is native to China, Japan, and Korea and was introduced to North America in 1830 by Lake County Nursery (Dirr 1998).
	horticulture.coafes.umn.edu /vd/h5015/00papers/stark.htm (2929 words)

	Edible Articles: Elaeagnus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		As an outdoor shrub, Elaeagnus multiflora is deciduous.
		The Elaeagnus (someday I'm going to type that right on the first try!) genus is unusual in being a woody shrub with symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria living in nodules on the root system.
		Those of you growing Elaeagnus should be certain to periodically inspect roots for deleterious galls, especially if you notice that branches are dying back.
	www.efn.org /~bsharvy/edibleArticles/Elaeagnus.html (1992 words)

	issg Database: Ecology of Elaeagnus umbellata (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Elaeagnus umbellata is valued as an ornamental because of its silvery foliage and flowers and its hardiness under dry conditions.
		Digestion/excretion: The seeds are ingested with fruit and are dispersed by birds and mammals (Reed, 1993).
		Preventative measures: A Risk Assessment of Elaeagnus umbellata for Hawaii and other Pacific islands was prepared by Dr. Curtis Daehler (UH Botany) with funding from the Kaulunani Urban Forestry Program and US Forest Service.
	www.issg.org /database/species/ecology.asp?si=262&fr=1&sts= (1483 words)

	Floridata: Elaeagnus pungens
		Thorny elaeagnus, as it is also called, is a big and beautiful broad-leafed evergreen shrub.
		If you're looking for edible, consider the silverthorn's cousin the gumi or cherry elaeagnus (Elaeagnus multiflora) which is a tasty treat.
		Thorny elaeagnus is fast growing, easy to care for and tolerant of a wide variety of conditions.
	www.floridata.com /ref/E/elaeag_p.cfm (847 words)

	PCA Alien Plant Working Group - Russian-Olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia)
		Although Russian-olive provides a plentiful source of edible fruits for birds, ecologists have found that bird species richness is actually higher in riparian areas dominated by native vegetation.
		Russian-olive is found primarily in the central and western U.S., as well as in the East (e.g., Virginia to Pennsylvania), where it occurs with its exotic partner, autumn-olive (Elaeagnus umbellata).
		moniifera) and the exotic Russian-olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia L.).
	www.nps.gov /plants/alien/fact/elan1.htm (628 words)

	Invasive Species: Plants - Russian Olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia)
		Elaeagnus angustifolia Article Citation Search - AGRICOLA Database
		Elaeagnus angustifolia (Russian olive, Oleaster) - Invasive Plant Atlas of New England (IPANE)
		Elaeagnus angustifolia (shrub, tree) - ISSG Global Invasive Species Database
	www.invasivespeciesinfo.gov /plants/russolive.shtml (370 words)

	Species: Elaeagnus umbellata
		Kartesz and Meacham [29] recognize the variety Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb.
		Autumn-olive has been planted throughout much of eastern North America for various purposes (see the Management Considerations section of this summary), and has subsequently escaped into a variety of natural and seminatural habitats [4,10,40,71].
		Destruction of Gnomonia leptostyla perithecia on Juglans nigra leaves by microarthropods associated with Elaeagnus umbellata litter.
	www.fs.fed.us /database/feis/plants/shrub/elaumb/all.html (4840 words)

	Cherry Elaeagnus - Edible Landscape Forum - GardenWeb
		When you pick the whole cluster of fruit when most of the stem is ripe you always get some of the berries that are not very ripe and those never bother me either.
		Elaeagnus angustifolia is quite common, it grows everywhere.
		That means that with the help of bacteria, goumi is able to take nitrogen from the atmosphere and fix it into the soil where other plants can use it.
	forums.gardenweb.com /forums/load/edible/msg08115214444.html?/... (2640 words)

	issg Database: Ecology of Elaeagnus angustifolia
		Taxonomic name: Elaeagnus angustifolia L. Synonyms: Elaeagnus angustifolia var.
		Native to southern Europe and western Asia, Elaeagnus angustifolia is commonly found growing along floodplains, riverbanks, stream courses, marshes, and irrigation ditches Seedlings are tolerant of shade and the plant thrives in a variety of soil and moisture conditions, including bare mineral substrates.
		Principal sources: SPECIES: Elaeagnus angustifolia (Tesky, 1992) Russian Olive Elaeagnus angustifolia L. (Muzika and Swearingen, 1997)
	www.issg.org /database/species/ecology.asp?si=216&fr=1&sts= (1354 words)

	DFT Vascular Plant Image Library (Elaeagnaceae)
		Elaeagnus angustifolia - - Cultivated, at Berlin Botanical Garden/Germany (flower-close, side view) - photo: Thomas Schöpke
		Elaeagnus angustifolia - - Cultivated, at Berlin Botanical Garden/Germany (flower-close, plan view) - photo: Thomas Schöpke
		Elaeagnus angustifolia - - Cultivated, at Berlin Botanical Garden/Germany (leave, bottom side with scaly hairs) - photo: Thomas Schöpke
	www.csdl.tamu.edu /FLORA/imaxxele.htm (359 words)

	Botany Photo of the Day: Elaeagnus glabra
		Posted by: Beverley Merryfield at November 13, 2005 09:07 AM 2002 edition of Hillier manual calls this Asian species "first-class", also says it resembles E. macrophylla "but with narrower leaves".
		Posted by: Chris Denton at November 13, 2005 09:26 PM Elaeagnus was the name used by the ancient Greek botanist Theophrastus for the Salix caprea, or Goat Willow.
		However, he must have thought of it as a kind of olive, because elaea means olive.
	www.ubcbotanicalgarden.org /potd/2005/11/elaeagnus_glabra_1.php (698 words)

	Elaeagnus umbellata (PIER species info) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Autumn olive (Eleagnus umbellata) factsheet (PDF format) from Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation's invasive plant species list
		Additional online information about Elaeagnus umbellata is available from the Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR).
		Taxonomic information about Elaeagnus umbellata may be available from the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN).
	www.hear.org /pier/species/elaeagnus_umbellata.htm (355 words)

	Botany Photo of the Day: Elaeagnus angustifolia
		It is particularly harmful when it establishes in riparian zones (scroll down to “What problems does it cause?”), where it reduces overall species richness (like so many other invasives).
		To see other photographs of this plant, visit the USDA Plants Database: Elaeagnus angustifolia.
		Posted by Daniel Mosquin at October 21, 2006 12:00 AM Read recent comments on all BPotD Entries
	www.ubcbotanicalgarden.org /potd/2006/10/elaeagnus_angustifolia_1.php (345 words)

	Plant Profile for Elaeagnus commutata (silverberry) \| USDA PLANTS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Click on a thumbnail to view an image, or see all the Elaeagnus thumbnails at the PLANTS Gallery
		See county distributions for the following states by clicking on them below or on the map.
		View 3 genera in Elaeagnaceae, 6 species in Elaeagnus
	plants.usda.gov /java/profile?symbol=ELCO (152 words)

	Elaeagnus x ebbingei 'Limelight'
		Leaf variegation isn't always immediately obvious on young foliage, as some are slow to colour up, so let them grow to full size before removing what appear to be reverted stems.
		May be affected by elaeagnus sucker and coral spot.
		Garden Plant Information list of plant info by botanical name
	www.wildchicken.com /nature/garden/nature_200_019.htm (122 words)

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