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Topic: Elasmobranchii

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	Shark - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Sharks belong to the superorder Selachimorpha in the subclass Elasmobranchii in the class Chondrichthyes.
		The Elasmobranchii also include rays and skates; the Chondrichthyes also include Chimaeras.
		It is currently thought that the sharks form a polyphyletic group: in particular, some sharks are more closely related to rays than they are to some other sharks.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Shark (3371 words)

	7.5 ITALY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Nearly 5 950 tonnes of Elasmobranchii were caught in 1997 by Italy, which is equivalent to 0.75% of world chondrichthyan catches and 1.06% of the Italian catch.
		Italy is the major fishing country of Elasmobranchii in the Mediterranean, followed by Turkey, Greece and Tunisia.
		In previous years Italy also caught Elasmobranchii in other fishing areas; in 1994, 60.9% came from the Mediterranean, 29.3% from the Central Eastern Atlantic, 5.9% from the Western Indian Ocean and 3.9% from the Southwest Atlantic.
	www.fao.org /DOCREP/005/X3690E/x3690e14.htm (1757 words)

	Classification and Natural History of Fish
		The sub-class elasmobranchii is a taxon, a grouping,it's a scientific name for a group.
		And what I want to do is I wanted to give you an example ofthe kind of question, because I think in terms of studying forthe exam it's going to be helpful for to you understand the kindof questions that I'm going to asking you on in the exam.
		The subclass Elasmobranchii includes the sharks as well as theflattened bottom dwelling skates (spelling) and rays.
	www.csupomona.edu /~dfhoyt/classes/zoo138/CNH_FISH.HTML (7378 words)

	Belova L.M., Krylov M.V. Specificity of Coccidia of fishes (Sporozoa, Coccidiida)
		Coccidia belonging to only one family Eimeriidae and two genera Eimeria and Goussia were found in Elasmobranchii, whereas coccidia of three families (Calyptosporidae, Cryptosporidiidae, Eimeriidae) and eight genera (Calyptospora, Cryptosporidium, Crystallospora, Eimeria, Epieimeria, Goussia, Isospora, Octosporella) were found in Actinopterygii.
		It is probable that the latter circumstance provides a more plausible explanation of the existing situation, and coccidia of this class of fishes will be described in the future.
		As in the class Elasmobranchii, coccidia parasitizing fishes of the class Actinopterygii were not found in orders, which are characterized by low abundance and a small number of species.
	www.zin.ru /annrep/2000/02.html (1862 words)

	3.2 CATCHES BY COUNTRY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Indonesia does not report chondrichthyan catches by species but only the groups of Elasmobranchii and Rajiformes, which were respectively 59 450 tonnes and 36 100 tonnes in 1997.
		In 1997 “Elasmobranchii not identified” were 38 700 tonnes and the rest were raijformes.
		In 1997 Mexican catches of Elasmobranchii represented 2.4% of total Mexican catches and 4.5% of total world catches of chondrichthyans.
	www.fao.org /DOCREP/005/X3690E/x3690e09.htm (973 words)

	Rays - Enchanted Learning Software
		Rays belong to the group of fishes called Elasmobranchii, which also includes the sharks, skates, and ratfish.
		The Elasmobranchii are all fish that have no bones, only cartilage.
		Elasmobranchii (upper jaw that is not fused to the braincase, no swim bladder, advanced electroreceptive system, a spiracle, skin with placoid scales, teeth modified placoid scales, and 5-7 separate slit-like gill openings on each side of the body: sharks, skates, and rays)
	www.zoomschool.com /subjects/sharks/rays (1243 words)

	Les Orectolobiformes, Carcharhiniformes et Myliobatiformes (Elasmobranchii, Neoselachii) des Bassins a Phosphate du ...
		Les Orectolobiformes, Carcharhiniformes et Myliobatiformes (Elasmobranchii, Neoselachii) des Bassins a Phosphate du Maroc
		The Orectolobiformes, Carcharhiniformes and Myliobatiformes (Elasmobranchii, Neoselachii) of phosphate basins of Morocco (Maastrichtian-Early Lutetian.
		Systematics, biostratigraphy, evolution and faunal dynamics.The phosphate series of Morocco (Early Maastrichtian-Early Ypresian) is well known for its richness in selachian teeth studied by ARAMBOURG in an important monograph in 1952.
	www.pfeil-verlag.de /07pala/e2_23.html (366 words)

	List of Literature
		(Chondrichthyes, Elasmobranchii), from the Upper Pennsylvanian of Kansas.
		Delsate, Dominique and D. Thies: Teeth of the shark Annea THIES 1983 (Elasmobranchii, Neoselachii) from the Toarcian of Belgium.
		Kriwet, Jürgen: Neoselachier (Pisces, Elasmobranchii) aus der Unterkreide (unteres Barremium) von Galve und Alcaine (Spanien, Provinz Teruel).
	www.geocities.com /CapeCanaveral/Hall/5138/document.htm (13468 words)

	Elasmobranchii (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		<==o Elasmobranchii Bonaparte, 1838 (leveäsuiset) ?- †Doliodus problematicus (Woodward) ?M. Dev.
		`--+== †Hybodontiformes [paraphyletic] `-- Neoselachii Compagno, 1977 (uushait; modern sharks and rays) Elasmobranchii incertae sedis: †“Symmorium” glabrum Ginter, 1999 †“Ctenacanthus” costellatus Traquair, 1884 †“Cladodus” striatus Agassiz, 1843 †Cladodus Agassiz [jr.
		Ginter, M., 2002: Taxonomic notes on "Phoebodus heslerorum" and Symmorium reniforme (Chondrichthyes, Elasmobranchii).
	www.fmnh.helsinki.fi /users/haaramo/Metazoa/Deuterostoma/Chordata/Chondrichthyes/Elasmobranchii/Elasmobranchii.htm (428 words)

	Palaeos Vertebrates 70.600 Chondrichthyes: Elasmobranchii
		Phylogeny: Elasmobranchii: Xenicanthida + *: Bandringidae + (Phoebodontiformes + (Ctenacanthidae + Euselachii)).
		Characters: cladodont teeth; cleaver-shaped palatoquadrate; broad otico-occipital region of braincase; pectinate ornamentation of dorsal fin spines; spines flat or concave posteriorly; central cavity of spines close to posterior face; 1st dorsal supported by a basal, with radials few or absent; pectoral fin basal cartilage rods fused to form 1-2 larger basals; uniserial (??
		Links: Basal Elasmobranchii after Carroll, 1988 and Shirai, 1996 (cladistic, but includes Xenacanths and Ctenacanths); Untitled (tooth collection).
	www.palaeos.com /Vertebrates/Units/070Chondrichthyes/070.600.html (1287 words)

	Folia Parasitologica - Content of volumes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Seven Gymnura altavela (Linnaeus, 1758) (Elasmobranchii, Myliobatiformes) caught off the Tunisian coast were examined for endoparasites during a three-year period (1995-1998).
		A phyllobothriid cestode new to science was found in the spiral intestine of all host specimens.
		The taxonomic position of the species attributed to Anthobothrium parasitic in gymnurids is discussed.
	www.paru.cas.cz /folia/content.php?volume=2&content=214 (194 words)

	AFS Policy Statement #31b: Management of Sharks and Their Relatives (Elasmobranchii) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The AFS encourages its members to become involved by providing technical information needed for protection of sharks and rays to international, federal, state, and provincial policy makers so decisions are made on a scientific, rather than emotional or political, basis.
		Sharks and their relatives, the rays (subclass Elasmobranchii), are a group of about 1,000 species of mostly marine fishes.
		Most sharks and rays that have been studied have slow growth and late maturity, and very low egg production or fecundity compared to bony fishes (Camhi et al.
	www.fisheries.org /html/Public_Affairs/Policy_Statements/ps_31b.shtml (3417 words)

	INTRO TO FISHES
		They use their short, small mouths and large mouth cavities as a bellows to suck in their prey: bony fish, crabs, shrimps, lobsters, squids, octopuses, corals, sea urchins, sea squirts.
		Benthic rays occurring in all oceans, from Arctic to Antarctic waters and from shallow coastal shelves to abyssal regions; some species enter brackish waters.
		Family: Echinorhinidae - Bramble sharks Order: Squaliformes (bramble, sleeper and dogfish sharks) Class: Elasmobranchii (sharks and rays) Large (3-4 m), wide-ranging, deepwater sharks in cold-temperate to tropical seas.
	www.shsu.edu /~bio_mlt/Fishes.html (4454 words)

	Palaeos Vertebrates 70 Chondrichthyes References
		Maisey, JG (1993), The interrelationships of Protospinax (Elasmobranchii: Hypnosqualea) reviewed in light of new material.
		Miller, RF, R Cloutier and S Turner (2003), The oldest articulated chondrichthyan from the Early Devonian period.
		Thies, D (1995), Placoid scales (Chondrichthyes: Elasmobranchii) from the Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) of Northern Germany.
	www.palaeos.com /Vertebrates/Units/070Chondrichthyes/070References.html (554 words)

	Marine Life Society of South Australia Inc
		The main three Subclasses are Teleostomi (bony fishes), Elasmobranchii (sharks and rays) and Holocephali (Ghost Sharks).
		Some references put skates and rays into a Subclass of their own (Batoidea) but others include them with the sharks (Elasmobranchii).
		It also said "Chondrichthyes can be split into two distinct Subclasses – Elasmobranchii and Bradyodonti".
	www.mlssa.asn.au /nletters/october2004.htm (2619 words)

	Shark Gallery - Sharks in general, Classification
		Chondrichthyes are fish with the following characteristics: a skeleton made of cartilage, jaws, paired fins, and paired nostrils.
		Chondrichthyes are further divided into two subclasses: Holocephaii and Elasmobranchii.
		The subclass Holocephaii includes fishes known as chimaeras.
	gerber.iwarp.com /descript/classification.html (347 words)

	A Listing of Fossil Sharks and Rays of the World
		Mezozoic and Cenozoic Elasmobranchii” Handbook of Paleoichthyology, vol 3b.
		1981 “Chondrichthyes I. Paleozoic Elasmobranchii” Handbook of Paleoichthyology, vol 3a.
		Zeleskov, V. and V. Kozlov 1999 Elasmobranchii and Palaeogene Biostratigraphy of Trans Urals and Central Asia, Moscow
	www.afn.org /~afn02877/refer.htm (3925 words)

	SHARK CLASSIFICATION- Enchanted Learning Software
		Selachimorpha (sharks: free upper eyelids, gill openings on the head, and pectoral fins separate from the side of the head)
		Elasmobranchii (upper jaw that is not fused to the braincase, no swim bladder, advanced electroreceptive system, a spiracle, skin with placoid scales, teeth modified placoid scales, and 5-7 separate slit-like gill openings on each side of the body: there are about 600 species of sharks, skates, and rays)
		Elasmobranchs with fusiform body and subcylindrical in cross-section.
	www.enchantedlearning.com /subjects/sharks/classification (376 words)

	elasmobranch on Encyclopedia.com
		(Ĭlăs´mebrăngk), cartilaginous fish, member of the subclass Elasmobranchii of the vertebrate class Chondrichthyes (see Chordata).
		Occurrence of Ptychodus mammillaris (Elasmobranchii) in the Fairport Chalk Member of the Carlile Shale (Upper Cretaceous) of Ellis County, Kansas.
		Publication: Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science; Author: Everhart, Michael J. Darnell, Michelle K. ; Source: MAGAZINES
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/e1/elasmobr.asp (300 words)

	Search for 'Elasmobranchii'
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		'Elasmobranchii' does not match any group names in the Tree of Life database
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	tolweb.org /tree?group=Elasmobranchii (84 words)

	Definition of elasmobranchii - Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary
		elasmobranchii is one of more than 1,000,000 entries available at Merriam-WebsterUnabridged.com.
		For More Information on "elasmobranchii" go to Britannica.com
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	www.m-w.com /cgi-bin/dictionary?book=Dictionary&va=Elasmobranchii (82 words)

	Acclaim Images - elasmobranchii photos, stock photos, pictures, elasmobranchii stock photography
		Acclaim Images - elasmobranchii photos, stock photos, pictures, elasmobranchii stock photography
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	Caribbean reef shark, Carcharhinus perezi, Mondragon Photography
		There are 74 Caribbean Reef Shark photos in this gallery.
		keywords: Caribbean reef shark, Carcharhinus perezi, shark diver, shark diving, elasmobranch, elasmobranchs, elasmobranchii, shark, sharks, photos, photographs, photography, images, pictures, stock photography, stock photos, digital
		There are 74 Caribbean Reef Shark pictures in this gallery.
	www.mondragonphoto.com /stock/galleries.php?ID=59 (86 words)

	Photos and Pictures of Rays
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		photos, images, pictures, marine, sea, ocean, plankton, stock, library, rays, rajiforms, elasmobranchii, cartilaginous fish, manta rays, stingrays, electric rays, shovelnose rays, sting, underwater photography, barbs, poison, pictures of ray pictures
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	www.imagequest3d.com /pictures/rays (124 words)

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