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Topic: Elbrus (computer)

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	Algol 68 – 25 Years in the USSR
		For example, if a specialized computer perform nicely some special operations, but works badly on branching and procedure calls which occurs thousand times as often as specialized operation, then could one consider it to be orientated to that application domain?).
		It was necessary to reorganize the whole structure of the compiler and its dynamic environment, to specify precisely parts which depend on hardware or on operation system, to unify the mechanisms of communications.
		Computing Center of the Siberian Division of the USSR Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 1987 (In Russian).
	www.computer-museum.ru /english/algol68.htm (2848 words)

	Elbrus (computer) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Elbrus 1 (1973) was the first Russian integrated circuit computer, and the first fourth generation Soviet computer, developed by Vsevolod Burtsev.
		Elbrus 2 (1977) was a 10-processor computer, considered the first Soviet supercomputer, with superscalar RISC processors.
		Elbrus 2000 or E2K was a vaporware project to implement Elbrus 3 architecture as a microprocessor.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Elbrus_(computer) (269 words)

	Mount Elbrus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Mount Elbrus (meaning twin peaks) is a peak located in the western Caucasus mountains, in Russia, near the border of Georgia.
		Elbrus stands 20 km (12 mi) north of the main range of the Greater Caucasus and 65 km (40 mi) south-southwest of the Russian town of Kislovodsk.
		The Soviet Union encouraged ascents of Elbrus, and in 1956 it was climbed en masse by 400 mountaineers to mark the 400th anniversary of the incorporation of Kabardino-Balkaria, the Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in which Elbrus was located.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Elbrus (546 words)

	Elbrus (computer)
		The three Soviet Elbrus systems were Elbrus 1 (1973) the first Russian integrated circuit computer, Elbrus 2 (1977) a 10-processor computer, and Elbrus 3 (1986) a 16-processor computer.
		Elbrus 1 was the first fourth generation Soviet computer[?] and was used by the Defence Ministry.
		Elbrus 2 is considered the first Soviet supercomputer, with superscalar RISC processors, and was used in the space program, nuclear weapons research and defence systems.
	www.fastload.org /el/Elbrus_(computer).html (203 words)

	Mount Elbrus
		Mount Elbrus is the highest mountain in Europe, at 5,642 m (18,506 ft).
		The Soviet Union encouraged ascents of Elbrus, and in 1956 it was climbed en masse by 400 mountaineers[?] to mark the 400th anniversary of the annexation of Kabardino-Balkaria, the Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic[?] in which Elbrus was located.
		Elbrus was also the name of a Soviet computer[?].
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/mo/Mount_Elbrus.html (222 words)

	Real World Technologies - From Russia, With Skepticism
		At the time of the MPR article, entitled 'The Russians Are Coming', the hypothetical processor, called the Elbrus E2k, existed only as a Verilog language description of its logic, not as a physical device, or even a mask database.
		Since then Elbrus has been in the hunt for venture capital in order to bring their design to realization.
		Elbrus claims it needs $60 million dollars and 3 years to implement the design.
	www.realworldtech.com /page.cfm?ArticleID=RWT081300000000 (395 words)

	General Computer Science II - 64-bit processor - History
		Elbrus claims that the E2K will sport HALF the die size of the Merced, with speeds of 3 to 5 times that of the Merced.
		Elbrus makes some pretty fantastic claims about it’s E2K processor, but if they pan out, then we have a new player on the field....
		Elbrus International seems to have the best chip of the bunch however, promising to be faster than Intel’s Merced, incorporate EPIC, AND fully compatible with x86-64 as well as IA-64.
	www.faculty.iu-bremen.de /birk/lectures/PC101-2003/05cpu64/history.htm (1244 words)

	Electronic News: The Russians Are Coming? - Elbrus International - Company Business and Marketing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		Babaian was there when the Soviets built their M-40 vacuum tube-based computer in the late 1950s and had a hand in the development of the 5E92b, the central processor of the system that ran the anti-missile system that protected Moscow during the mid-1960s.
		Elbrus claims the chip will run at 1.2GHz and deliver 135 SPECint95 and 350 SPECfp95, fabbed on a 0.18-micron, six-layer-metal process, yet require only 35 watts of power and 126 square millimeters of silicon, better performance than is expected for Intel's Itanium part.
		The Elbrus chip would also be x86-compatible, and with some modifications, compatible with Itanium as well, the result of a patented binary compiler technology, which Elbrus hopes to bring to market alongside the microprocessor.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0EKF/is_49_45/ai_58060935 (930 words)

	Computer center
		In parallel with installation of these computers, other works were done by collaborators of CC for development of systems that provide ability to work with both graphical and terminal subsystems, with external storage devices and so on.
		In parallel with the computers of general purpose, the network subjects was developed on the basis of information-computing complexes.
		Zakurdajev N.V., Karas T.N., Khaljavina E.A. The introduction of the complex of high-performance computers to the structure RVPS "Ural" of the Academnetwork.
	www.imm.uran.ru /DEPARTMT/OVT.HTM (1687 words)

	Academician Vsevolod Sergeevich Burtsev
		The development of principles of constructing computing means for the purposes of ballistic missile defense (BMD) and the creation of a high performance computer system for high-quality automatic control of complex, far-spaced objects operating in real time scale.
		The computers put into series production and being the main component of these computing systems were characterized by a high degree of truth of output information.
		In these computers an address-free instruction system was first introduced and a simultaneous operation of two processors sharing a single RAM was realized.
	uchcom.botik.ru /IHPCS/Persons/Burtsev.html (2662 words)

	SIGHTINGS
		Elbrus International claims its E2K chip - yet to be built - is even faster than Intel's 64-bit PC chips, which will not available until next year.
		Elbrus has taken out 70 patents on its design and is now looking for a western firm to help manufacture the chip.
		An Intel spokesman said that although the company was aware of the Elbrus chip, until a working prototype was produced, it could not comment on the performance of the E2K.
	www.rense.com /ufo2/rusclaims.htm (565 words)

	Boris Babaian
		As chairman and chief technologist of Elbrus International, he and the same team that developed three generations of supercomputers are providing contract services like software and microprocessor design to Western companies.
		What the Elbrus supercomputers lacked in chip density, he explains, was compensated for by superior logic design.
		Officially launched in 1997, Elbrus International is Russia's largest computer development firm, with offices in Moscow, St. Petersberg, and Novosibirsk and more than 400 employees.
	www.thocp.net /biographies/babaian_boris.htm (674 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		In early days of computing, when computer architects could not afford to use even a moderate volume of hardware, all operations were executed strongly sequentially, furthermore, each instruction and operation were split in smaller pieces, which also were executed sequentially, under the micro-program control.
		Up to this point in the computer history, the compilers of software vendors could do resources scheduling (strictly sequential) at the time of compilation and, what is extremely important, this schedule was (and is) valid for all different models (with different technical characteristics of resources) of the same platform.
		The same distributed binaries must be executed on many different computer models of the same platform, but for a multiple issue engine capable of parallel execution of different operations, a specific resource schedule should be substantially different for a different computer model with a different resource structure, unlike a single-issue engine.
	edu.ioffe.ru /wmw/n1/babayan.html (5933 words)

	Mt. Elbrus News
		Elbrus: There were good snow conditions for climbing until now, but at the moment ice fields are opening which requires good ice technical skills from climbers.
		Elbrus is covered with snow (last week and at the moment).
		In Elbrus region (Kabardino-Balkaria republic, see Caucasus political map) overwhelming majority voted for a party the name of which may be translated as "Motherland - All Russia".
	www.elbrus.org /archive/elbrus_news.htm (7504 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Mount Elbrus
		Mount Elbrus is a peak located in the western Caucasus mountains, in Russia, near the border of Georgia.
		Mt Elbrus at 5,642 m (18,506 ft) is considered to be the highest mountain in Europe.
		The entire region is regularly subjected to strong earthquakes from this activity, especially as the fault structure is complex with the Anatolia/Turkey and Iranian Blocks flowing sidewise, which prevents subduction of the advancing plate edge and hence the lack of volcanoes (though some minor dome structures, such as Elbrus' peaks, do exist).
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Mount_Elbrus (625 words)

	Business Review - Elbrus Inside?
		A small Russian computer firm, Elbrus 2000, has recently announced that it has developed the fastest processor in the world, known as the E2K, which the company says will give even giant Intel's newest processor a run for its money - that is, if and when Elbrus finds the money to built it.
		The new processor will use explicitly parallel instruction computing techniques - allowing it to do several operations simultaneously instead of one by one in succession - and, according to Russian scientists, is expected to run at a frequency of 1,200 MHz (1.2 GHz).
		Babayan believes that if Elbrus can find the means to produce the E2K, then the Russia company will be able to gain up to 2 percent of the $50 billion-a-year world computer market.
	www.businessreview.ru /stories/07/25.html (944 words)

	Intel Expands R&D Teams in Russia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		Elbrus MCST* is a leading Russian computer technology research center.
		Their Elbrus E2K processor was designed to compete with the Intel® Itanium® processor and Sun Microsystems Inc. SPARC line.
		Elbrus MCST has expertise in a diverse array of technical design fields; among them are microprocessor and high-performance computing (HPC), compiler optimization, high-level language development, CAD and simulation systems, and multimedia function libraries.
	developer.intel.com /technology/techresearch/research/rs08041.htm (734 words)

	Investor Teaser for Elbrus
		Elbrus technology does not infringe on any Western intellectual property and it is protected by 70 US patent applications.
		A long history of innovation speaks highly of the Elbrus team, which was the first to implement a superscalar RISC architecture in 1978 15 years before the first Western firm did the same.
		By combining the Elbrus technology and technical expertise with a partner's marketing power, brand, and process expertise, we have an opportunity to gain access to one of the most lucrative markets in the world.
	bwrc.eecs.berkeley.edu /CIC/announce/1999/e2k.annc.html (471 words)

	Microprocessor E2K
		In the end of 1950th researchers from IPMCE have built a first Russian computer M-40, then, in 1960th, 2 processor computer which was used in first Moscow missile defence system.
		The Elbrus team has the great experience because the core of the team, as I said, has been together for over than 40 years, developing supercomputers for the Soviet Union's defense establishments.
		Elbrus team members are understandably proud of their baby.
	www.karganov.ru /Eng/E2K.html (1458 words)

	[No title]
		ðÏ ÍÎÅÎÉÀ ÒÁÚÒÁÂÏÔÞÉËÏ× Elbrus, ÄÉÎÁÍÉÞÅÓËÏÅ ×ÙÄÅÌÅÎÉÅ ÉÚ ÏÂÝÅÇÏ ÆÁÊÌÁ ÒÅÇÉÓÔÒÏ× Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÇÉÂËÉÍ ÐÏÄÈÏÄÏÍ.
		âÁÚÏ×ÙÊ (ÃÅÌÏÞÉÓÌÅÎÎÙÊ) ËÏÎ×ÅÊÅÒ × Elbrus úí, ÔÁË ÖÅ, ËÁË É × Itanium 2, ÉÍÅÅÔ ÄÌÉÎÕ ×ÓÅÇÏ ×ÏÓÅÍØ ÓÔÁÄÉÊ.
		äÌÑ ÒÅÛÅÎÉÑ ÚÁÄÁÞÉ ÄÏÓÔÉÖÅÎÉÑ ÍÁËÓÉÍÁÌØÎÏ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÊ ÔÁËÔÏ×ÏÊ ÞÁÓÔÏÔÙ × Elbrus úí ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ Ä×Á ËÌÁÓÔÅÒÁ, ÐÏÄÏÂÎÏ ÔÏÍÕ ËÁË ÜÔÏ ÂÙÌÏ ÐÒÉÍÅÎÅÎÏ ËÏÇÄÁ-ÔÏ × Alpha 21264.
	www.ssga.ru /erudites_info/info_technology/computer/stati/elbrus.html (1160 words)

	X-bit labs - Print version
		The promising microprocessor Elbrus E2K (Elbrus-2000) developed by a Russian company called Elbrus became well-known not solong ago, namely after the article "The Russians Are Coming" by Keith Diefendorff, which had been published in the Februaryedition of the leading technical publication "Microprocessor Report".
		The legend of the computer world - Gordon Bell(his personal web-page is located at www.research.microsoft.com/barc/gbell/),who developed DEC's famous PDP and VAX computers, now heads Microsoft Telepresence Research Group.He has greatly contributed to the popularization of the Elbrus E2K project at internationalconferences.
		Elbrus E2K project has already won certain scientific and technical weight since there weredeveloped a lot of interesting architectural solutions, and created perfect new generation compilers.Besides, E2K means that Russia still can boast highly qualified specialists.
	www.xbitlabs.com /articles/cpu/print/elbrus-e2k.html (2075 words)

	Hi-Tech - Digest - Elbrus E2K Speculations
		According to Boris A. Babaian, chief architect of Elbrus supercomputers, superscalar architecture was invented in Russia.
		Elbrus E2K with EPIC architecture is developed by Russian company Elbrus International.
		Elbrus E2K project has already won certain scientific and technical weight since there were developed a lot of interesting architectural solutions, and created perfect new generation compilers.
	www.hi-tech.ournet.md /elbrus_e2k.html (2047 words)

	Mount Elbrus \| English \| Dictionary & Translation by Babylon
		Mount Elbrus (Russian: Эльбрус) is a peak located in the western Caucasus mountains, in Russia, near the border of Georgia.
		A stratovolcano that has lain dormant for about 2,000 years, it is the highest mountain in the Caucasus which belongs to Europe (if the border between Europe and Asia is located south of Mount Elbrus—at the Kura and Qvirila rivers).
		Mt Elbrus (west summit) stands at 5,642 m (18,510 ft) and can be considered to be the highest mountain in Europe.
	www.babylon.com /definition/Mount_Elbrus (122 words)

	ExtremeTech: Russian "Itanium Killer" Isn't Dead Yet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		Evgeny Babayan, the chief executive of Russia's Elbrus MCST, also known as ZAO MCST, said the E2K project is still underway and the company hopes to have a prototype out by the end of the year.
		While that clock speed may seem slow, Elbrus' claim to fame is a hyperparallel architecture that apparently influenced the design of the Transmeta Crusoe chip, among others.
		Elbrus counts five U.S. firms as its partners: design house Avant!, Cisco Systems, Infineon Technologies, Sun Microsystems, and Transmeta Corp. Officials at both Sun and Transmeta say the design team is real, that the Elbrus design is viable, but that the company's future rides on its ability to raise capital.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_zdext/is_200205/ai_n9517798 (1050 words)

	BESM (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		At the time of completion, it was the fastest computer in Europe.
		The floating point numbers were represented as 39-bit words: 32 bits for the numeric part, 1 bit for sign, 1 + 5 bits for the exponent.
		The computer was capable of performing 8—10 SI prefixKFlops per second.
	www.infothis.com /find/BESM (265 words)

	Intel confirms it's acquired 64-bit Elbrus tech, people
		The last time we wrote about Elbrus it was to report that one of its 64-bit chips was for sale in Malaysia.
		So perhaps Elbrus' ideas weren't as crap as some appeared to think they were a long time back.
		There was a time when Intel people dissed Elbrus at any opportunity, and this article at the old plaice wasn't a an April's Fool joke.
	www.theinquirer.net /?article=16110 (216 words)

	IosArt.com - Alex Sirota's home page
		I am a graduate student in the Computer Science Department at the Technion - Israel Institute of Technology.
		Computer vision - RoboTracker - A System for Tracking Multiple Robots in Real Time [pdf].
		Computer graphics - some nice computer generated images.
	www.iosart.com (222 words)

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