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A major change was introduced in 1059, when Nicholas II decreed that the cardinals were to elect a candidate, who would take office after receiving the assent of the clergy and laity.
A Synod of the Lateran held in 1139 removed the requirement that the assent of the lower clergy and the laity be obtained.
He is the second non-Italian and the first German Pontiff to be elected since Pope Adrian VI (an ethnic German born in future Dutch territory of the Holy Roman Empire, so he was German in terms of his ethnicity and citizenship).
But Leo IX insisted that the Church was free in the choice of her pastors, and, until he was duly elected at Rome, declined to assume any of the state of his office.
To prevent the evils of a disputed election it was established by this law that no one should be held to be elected until two thirds of the cardinals should have given their votes for him.
iii, "De elect.", in 60 (I, 6)], by which it was ordained that during the election of a pontiff the cardinals should be secluded from the world under exceedingly stringent regulations, and that the seclusion should continue till they had fulfilled their duty of providing the Church with a supreme pastor.
Thereafter balloting was to continue until a new Pope was elected, on a schedule of two ballots each morning and two each afternoon.
It was officially announced on April 9 that two of the 117 cardinal electors, Jaime Sin of the Philippines and Adolfo Suárez Rivera of Mexico, would not be attending the conclave due to poor health, though some reports had said Cardinal Sin had hoped for medical clearance to travel.
The supporting votes of two-thirds of the cardinals attending a conclave plus one are needed to elect a new pope in the initial phases of the process: in this case, 77 votes.
Al-Hajjaji was elected by a secret ballot of 33 in favour and 3 opposed, with 17 abstaining among the Commission's 53 member countries.
Elected Vice-Chairpersons without a vote were Prasad Kariyawasam of Sri Lanka, Jorge Voto-Bernales of Peru, and Mike Smith of Australia. Chosen Rapporteur, also without a vote, was Branko Socanac of Croatia.
Great efforts had been made to persuade the United States to use other available methods of expressing its displeasure. Members of the Commission were urged to demonstrate their confidence in the tried and tested methods of the past by voting for the African candidate with a resounding majority.
The method of electing the pope has varied considerably at different periods of the history of the Church.
An epoch-making decree in the matter of papal elections is that of Nicholas II in 1059.
"Licet", 6, "De elect.") that "he, without any exception, is to be acknowledged as pontiff of the Universal Church who has been elected by two-thirds of the cardinals." As late as 1378, Urban VI was chosen, though not a cardinal (consult, however, Constitut.
The closed room or hall specially set aside and prepared for the cardinals when electing a pope; also the assembly of the cardinals for the canonical execution of this purpose.
Prayers are said by the bishop sacristan; the ballots are distributed and then all are excluded except the cardinals, one of whom bolts the door.
The conclave that elected Pius X is described by an eyewitness (Un Témoin), said to be Cardinal Mathieu, in Revue des Deux Mondes, 15 March, 1904.
www.newadvent.org /cathen/04192a.htm (3674 words)
This is how the Pope is elected(Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
Upon receiving no response, he announces the death and arranges for the Fisherman's ring -- inscribed with the name of the reigning Pope -- and the papal seal to be broken.
Assisted by three officials elected from the college, he directs the election of the pontiff's successor.
In the past, a Pope needed one more than two-thirds of the votes to be elected.
Urban Legends Reference Pages: History (Linkin' Kennedy)(Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
Abraham Lincoln was elected to Congress in 1846.
Lincoln couldn't possibly have been elected President in 1857 or 1858 or 1859 or 1861 or 1862 or 1863, because no presidential elections were held in those years.
We're supposed to be amazed at minor happenstances such as the two men's being elected exactly one hundred years apart or having the same number of letters in their last names, but we're supposed to think nothing of the numerous non-coincidences: Lincoln was born in 1809; Kennedy was born in 1917.
He was the oldest man, at age 67, ever elected president up to that time, the last president born under British rule, and the first to die in office—after only one month's...
Slender and slightly stooped, the victor of the battle of Tippecanoe was 68 years old—the oldest man to be elected president in the 19th century.
One of the most creative and brilliant judges of the 20th century, Benjamin Cardozo served on the New York Court of Appeals from 1914 to 1932 and as an associate justice of the United States Supreme Court from 1932 to 1938.
Canon Robinson was elected based on his nearly three decades of ministry in the diocese, his considerable pastoral skills, and his vision for ministry.
Joe was elected on the first ballot in the Nebraska election held on May 10, 2003.
The ministry of this committee can best be described as a “ministry of hospitality.” The committee members are responsible for caring for all the final candidates and their families during their time in the diocese and, when selected, for offering welcome and hospitality to the bishop-elect and his or her family.
The candidates, elected by the economic and social council (Ecosoc) in New York, were nominated by regions and all but one ran unopposed.
He said members should be elected by a two-thirds vote in the 191-member general assembly, rather than rotation by regional groups.
Although members of the human rights commission are elected by Ecosoc, seats are allotted to regional groupings, which put forward most of the candidates without opposition.
