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Topic: Election boycott

	Boycott -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		A boycott is a refusal to buy, sell, or otherwise (The skilled practice of a practical occupation) trade with an individual or business who is generally believed by the participants in the boycott to be doing something (The significance of a story or event) morally wrong.
		The word boycott is derived from Captain (additional info and facts about Charles Boycott) Charles Boycott, an English evicting land agent in (An island comprising the republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland) Ireland who was subject to a boycott organized by the (additional info and facts about Irish Land League) Irish Land League in 1880.
		Boycott, an agent of Lord Erne in County Mayo, was unable to hire anyone to harvest his crops (until Irish (A worker who belongs to a trade union) Unionists and the (additional info and facts about British Army) British Army volunteered) and at one point needed 7,000 men to protect him.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/b/bo/boycott.htm (592 words)

	Boycott
		A boycott is a refusal to buy, sell, or otherwise trade with an individual or business who is generally believed by the participants in the boycott to be doing something morally wrong.
		The word boycott is derived from Captain Charles Cunningham Boycott, a ruthless English land agent in Ireland who was subject to a boycott organized by the Irish Land League in 1880.
		When extended for a long period of time, or as part of an overall program of awareness-raising or reforms to laws or regimes, a boycott is part of moral purchasing, and those economic or political terms are to be preferred.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/b/bo/boycott.html (423 words)

	Afghan election fiasco as Karzai rivals pull out over fraud claims
		Initially election officials ignored his comments, saying that the problems stemmed from a few staff in polling stations accidentally swapping indelible pens for those with washable ink supposed to be used to mark ballot papers.
		The boycott is likely to infuriate American and British officials, who had placed considerable hopes in the election giving the country's fledgling post-Taliban government some legitimacy.
		Election officials pointed out that in addition to indelible ink each voter had a photo polling card punched with a hole, limiting the opportunities for fraud.
	www.infowars.net /Pages/Oct_04/101004_Afghan_election.html (1035 words)

	Strategic Insights -- Iranian Politics After the 2004 Parliamentary Election (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The election marked the conclusive end of the campaign for political and social reform initiated by Mohammad Khatami after he was elected president in a landslide vote in May 1997.
		After this stunning announcement, 125 Reformist members of parliament declared that they would boycott the election and resign their seats, and the Reformist interior minister declared that the election would not be held on the scheduled date, February 20.
		The election outcome and the lack of visible unrest during the period surrounding the election suggest that the Iranian people are not ready for an open confrontation, and may even want to give the Conservatives a chance to implement the China model.
	www.ccc.nps.navy.mil /si/2004/jun/gasiorowskiJun04.asp (2775 words)

	deseretnews.com \| Sunnis threaten election boycott
		A large-scale boycott by the powerful Sunni Arabs — who make up 15 percent to 20 percent of Iraq's nearly 26 million people and are spearheading an increasingly vicious insurgency — would be disastrous for the vote's credibility and may push Iraq into even deeper disarray.
		In the election, which is supposed to be held by Jan. 31, Iraqis will select a 275-member assembly whose main task will be to draft a constitution.
		The boycott threat comes at a time when the association and Allawi's government are at odds over several issues, including detention of some of its members.
	deseretnews.com /dn/view/0,1249,595100438,00.html (834 words)

	Al-Ahram Weekly \| Region \| To vote or not to vote (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The fate of the Iraqi elections is fraught with uncertainty as the country remains divided over the election date.
		According to the Iraqi election commission, at least 212 Iraqi political parties and movements have registered to contest the forthcoming elections due to be held on 30 January, a number unprecedented in the history of the country.
		This committee was established to negotiate an election delay with the interim government on behalf of all the political parties.
	weekly.ahram.org.eg /2004/719/re6.htm (1926 words)

	Boycott (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		A boycott is a refusal to buy, sell, or otherwise trade with anindividual or business who is generally believed by the participants in the boycott to be doing something morally wrong.
		When extended for a longperiod of time, or as part of an overall program of awareness-raising or reforms to laws or regimes, a boycott is part of moral purchasing, and those economic or political terms are to bepreferred.
		Most organized consumer boycotts today are focused on long-term change of buying habits, and so fit into part of a largerpolitical program, with many techniques that require a longer structural commitment, e.g.
	www.therfcc.org /boycott-10645.html (318 words)

	Informed Comment
		said the January election does not speak for the Iraqi people as long as it is “imposed” by the US-backed interim government and rejected by a clear majority of political and religious powers.
		Ordinarily, election boycotts just backfire on the boycotters and are not a cause for concern.
		But if the Sunni Arabs boycott in large numbers, they can derail the entire electoral process and spike the writing of a new constitution, so this campaign is significant and even fateful.
	www.juancole.com /2004/11/election-boycott-announced-forty-seven.html (771 words)

	t r u t h o u t - Afghan Opposition Alleges Fraud in Voting
		Election officials said workers at some voting stations mistakenly swapped the permanent ink meant to mark thumbs with normal ink meant for ballots, but insisted the problem was caught quickly.
		The boycott cast a pall over what had been a joyous day in Afghanistan, where millions of Afghans braved threats of Taliban violence to crowd polling stations for an election aimed at bringing peace and prosperity to a country nearly ruined by more than two decades of war.
		It was not known whether or not elections would need to be postponed for a new round of voting, but that is exactly what opposition presidential candidates are demanding.
	www.truthout.org /docs_04/101004W.shtml (2257 words)

	USATODAY.com - Karzai foes claim fraud, incompetence in Afghan vote (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		A day after all 15 challengers announced they would boycott the election's outcome, two backed off, saying they wanted a commission to rule on whether the voting was fair and indicating they would accept its decision.
		International election observers said the complaint did not justify calling for the vote to be nullified.
		In Mazar-e-Sharif, election officials said they had not received ballots that were supposed to be flowing in from five northern provinces.
	www.usatoday.com /news/world/2004-10-09-afghan-election-boycott_x.htm (867 words)

	After the talks of Montenegrin ruling parties with representatives of th
		Speaking a day after U.S. Secretary of State Madeleine Albright asked Montenegro’s pro-Western president to think carefully about the boycott plan at a meeting in Rome, the republic’s prime minister Filip Vujanovic said she had accepted his view.
		"We talked about elections and whether we would get to a democratic state sooner by participation in the polls, no matter how unfair they may be, or by a boycott," he told the same news conference.
		"Elections must neither be underestimated nor overestimated and the fate of the state should not be overly linked to these elections," he said.
	www.medijaklub.cg.yu /eng/articles/2000/august/03.htm (657 words)

	Pakistan Link Headlines (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		He said this in a statement today commenting on the statement of the Election Commission in which the PPP was accused of playing to the 'masses and the media'.
		Before boycott the Election Commission was not even prepared to receive the delegation of PPP parliamentarians, he said.
		He said that the Election Commission should ask the Sindh Chief Minister as to how it was possible that in the areas from where large scale migration had taken place the voter turnout was 80% and 90 % plus and in some cases even as high as 98 %.
	www.pakistanlink.com /headlines/oct04/03/10.html (378 words)

	International events
		Her Bangladesh Nationalist Party called the general election after the collapse of talks with opposition parties, headed by the Awami League of Sheikh Hasina Wajed, over the appointment of a neutral authority to administer the vote.
		The call for new elections was a major victory for the neo-fascist National Alliance and its leader, Gianfranco Fini, who aims to supplant Forza Italia as the largest party on the right.
		The neo-fascists won 14 percent of the vote in the last elections, in March 1994, when they ran as part of Berlusconi's right-wing coalition, and entered the government for the first time since the fall of Mussolini.
	www.wsws.org /public_html/prioriss/iwb2-26/intl.htm (949 words)

	Al-Ahram Weekly \| Region \| Violence and votes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		A swathe of political parties and groups has announced it will boycott the vote and even the Iraqi president said he was in favour of postponing elections until the security situation improved.
		Rushing to hold elections in the current climate is, says the delegation, an attempt "to legitimise the occupation".
		It is difficult to assess the extent of the boycott of elections in a country which for decades was subject to one-party rule and then, in a period of less than two years ago, saw the emergence of hundreds of hitherto unknown political groupings.
	weekly.ahram.org.eg /2004/721/re7.htm (1452 words)

	Main Karzai foe in Afghanistan election withdraws boycott, supports fraud probe \| The San Diego Union-Tribune
		The group, which sent a 13-member observer team to monitor the elections, said that Karzai was well beyond the 50 percent mark necessary to avoid a runoff.
		The announcements were a huge victory for election organizers, who agreed to set up the panel Sunday in hopes it would end the crisis that emerged when all 15 opposition candidates declared the boycott in the middle of Saturday's voting.
		Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld praised the elections as an "enormous accomplishment" and voiced hope that the January vote in Iraq will be an equal success.
	www.signonsandiego.com /uniontrib/20041012/news_1n12afghan.html (562 words)

	Election boycott in the land of lost gold - Deccan Herald (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Election boycott in the land of lost gold »
		Says Mr M Ravindrachari, Joint Secretary of the BGML Supervisors’ Association, “We are boycotting the elections, demanding that the High Court ruling of September 26 be implemented.
		M Bakthavatsalam, the AIADMK MLA for the KGF reserved constituency in the dissolved Assembly, is contesting the elections for the fourth time and refutes the claim that the BGML employees are boycotting the polls.
	www.deccanherald.com /deccanherald/apr062004/s10.asp (755 words)

	Guardian \| Kosovo election marred by Serb boycott
		President Ibrahim Rugova of Kosovo last night declared victory in the province's general election, which was marred by a Serb boycott.
		Saturday's elections, overshadowed by the refusal of the vast majority of Serbs to vote in ethnic Albanian-dominated Kosovo, dealt a blow to international efforts to forge a multiethnic society there.
		Kosovo's ethnic Albanians - who make up 90% of the 2 million population - viewed the elections as a means to further their goal of securing independence.
	www.guardian.co.uk /print/0,3858,5046910-103681,00.html (291 words)

	Online NewsHour Update: In 'Mostly Fair' Afghan Election, Karzai Appears Likely Winner -- October 11, 2004
		The poll offers the best indicator yet of the winner of the historic election, since election officials said they would not start counting the actual ballots for several days and the final results may not be known until Oct. 30, the Associated Press reported.
		While Saturday's vote was not disrupted by major clashes, the poll ended in confusion when the remaining 15 opposition candidates threatened to boycott the election and reject the results, widely believed to favor their rival, Karzai.
		International observers and the independent electoral commission have both said the problem with the ink marking was not widespread and did not warrant a boycott of the entire electoral process.
	www.pbs.org /newshour/updates/afghan_10-11-04.html (617 words)

	::: UZBEKISTAN: OPPOSITION CALLS TO BOYCOTT ELECTIONS DISMISSED :::
		The Uzbek authorities have dismissed opposition calls for a boycott of parliamentary elections due in December over alleged violations of electoral laws and the creation of obstacles in the way of opposition candidates, describing such claims as groundless.
		Local election commissions are blocking the registration of initiative groups," he added.
		Thirty percent of candidates in the elections for the lower house of parliament must be women, electoral commission officials said.
	www.muslimuzbekistan.com /eng/ennews/2004/10/ennews28102004_1.html (685 words)

	Hamas to boycott Palestinian elections
		Hanieh said his group would boycott the election because it did not include legislative and municipal elections as well.
		Hamas boycotted the first Palestinian general election in 1996 because it was a result of interim peace deals with Israel.
		Sharon also pledged to help the Palestinian elections go smoothly and said he is considering "humanitarian" steps to improve conditions in the West Bank and Gaza.
	www.chinadaily.com.cn /english/doc/2004-12/01/content_396440.htm (821 words)

	Lessons in democracy-Germany in training election observers for the poll
		And as campaigning officially opened, Allawi's drive to hold the elections on schedule was getting much indirect support from members of Iraq's civil groups, which are now slowly flourishing after decades of dictatorship.
		Human rights activists, young people desperate for a better future and women struggling for their rights in an Islamic society see the elections as a great opportunity to realise democracy in Iraq, and many of these supporters are eager to participate in the elections as independent observers.
		But not all Sunni Muslims plan to boycott the elections, says Nasrin Nadji, a Shiite from Karbala and a member of the Iraqi Council for Peace and Solidarity.
	www.ekurd.net /mismas/articles/misc2005/1/vote40.htm (614 words)

	U.S. lauds Afghan vote despite boycott - (United Press International) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		"This election is the latest milestone on the Afghan people's road to democratic government and vibrant civil society," department spokesman Richard Boucher said in a statement.
		Just hours into the nation's first free election, 15 of the 18 candidates became concerned over alleged irregularities in the use of indelible ink at polling places.
		"Today's election is not a legitimate election," presidential candidate Abdul Satar Sirat said after hosting a meeting during which it was reported that 15 candidates signed up for the boycott.
	washingtontimes.com /upi-breaking/20041009-093424-5408r.htm (298 words)

	t r u t h o u t - Iraqis Fearing a Sunni Boycott of the Election
		While a Sunni boycott remains far from certain and some Sunni leaders still hold out hope for a turnaround, American officials fear that if large numbers of Sunnis do not vote, the election will be regarded as illegitimate and may even feed the insurgency that has gripped much of the country.
		The prospect of a low turnout by Sunni Arabs is deeply troubling to Iraqi leaders and American officials, who fear that the results of an election in which they do not take part will be viewed as illegitimate and fuel the guerrilla insurgency, and not, as is hoped, bring it to end.
		The body to be chosen in the elections, the National Assembly, is supposed to draft Iraq's permanent constitution.
	www.truthout.org /docs_04/101204C.shtml (2015 words)

	Pro-reform party to boycott election - The Washington Times: World (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Unless hard-liners in charge of the elections bend to the pressure to reinstate thousands of disqualified candidates quickly, they may be forced into the extraordinary position of requiring military help to hold the vote.
		In previous elections, senior military officials appointed by hard-liners supported them, while the bulk of military personnel voted for the reform camp.
		Nearly all the party's candidates have been barred from running in the election — some of them sitting lawmakers, including Mohammed Reza Khatami, who also is a deputy speaker of parliament.
	www.washtimes.com /world/20040202-111216-1327r.htm (478 words)

	Gay News From 365Gay.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The boycott was sparked by PandG's support of a campaign in its home city of Cincinnati for a ballot measure to repeal Article 12, a 1993 city charter amendment prohibiting gay-rights laws.
		A boycott Web site run by the AFA asserts that PandG "supports homosexual marriage." However, Shelton said the company has never made such an endorsement, nor has it taken any position on a statewide ballot measure in Ohio that would ban same-sex measure.
		Both Shelton and the company's critics said it was too early to gauge the financial impact of the boycott, which is intended to last far beyond Election Day.
	www.365gay.com /newscon04/10/102604pgBoycott.htm (751 words)

	No to Chirac and Le Pen! For a working class boycott of the French election An open letter to Lutte Ouvrière, ...
		Because it is necessary to deny any legitimacy to this fraudulent election; because it is necessary to establish an independent political line for the working class; because an active and aggressive boycott would create the best conditions for the political struggles that will arise in the aftermath of the elections.
		A widespread campaign of boycott and opposition to May 5, spearheaded by the socialist left and mobilizing workers and youth against both Le Pen and Chirac, would puncture Le Pen’s false pretenses and demonstrate to the broad masses that there is a progressive social force which challenges the existing social and political order.
		An aggressive campaign for a boycott of the second round will be the best preparation for the working class to mount a struggle against whichever candidate wins the presidency.
	www.wsws.org /articles/2002/apr2002/open-a29.shtml (2936 words)

	BBC NEWS \| World \| Middle East \| Bahrain groups plan election boycott
		Four of the main political groupings in Bahrain have threatened to boycott parliamentary elections in October unless their demands for further political reform are met.
		The elections will be the first representative ones in Bahrain for more than 25 years.
		The objectors say this is the main reason for their proposed boycott, although they stress that they still support the King and wish to settle the dispute by peaceful means.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/world/middle_east/2234692.stm (169 words)

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