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Topic: Elections in Colombia

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	Colombia - General Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Colombia is located in the middle of the Western hemisphere, on the northern coast of the South American continent.
		Colombia has over 37 billion barrels of oil potential and is currently the largest foreign provider of coal to the United States.
		Colombia’s troubles can begin to be explained by the vast, underpopulated "frontier land" that characterizes the eastern and southern regions of the country.
	www.colombiaemb.org /colombia (666 words)

	Elections: Latin American Studies: Collections: SSHL
		Colombia 1991, 3: "On July 5 the Constitutional Assembly approved the revised constitution of Colombia to replace the constitution of 1886…The new Congress retains a bicameral structure with 102 (previously 114) senators (including two representing indigenous groups) and 166 (previously 199) deputies" (page 7).
		Colombia 1994-1995: "In the congressional elections of March 1994 the Partido Liberal (PL) secured an outright majority in both houses, winning 59 of the 102 seats in the Senate and 94 of the 161 seats in the House of Representatives" (page 4).
		The elections were held to appoint 32 departmental governors and deputies to the departmental assemblies, as well as mayors and municipal councillors.
	sshl.ucsd.edu /collections/las/colombia/1990.html (11484 words)

	Colombia’s Elections - Council on Foreign Relations
		Colombia is the third most populous country in Latin America and a nation long-torn by civil war; the strength of Uribe's mandate could affect his ability to stave off violent unrest.
		Colombia is already the second largest agricultural importer to the United States, and commerce in both directions is expected to increase as tariffs are lifted.
		Regional observers say this election is functioning as something of a referendum on Uribe's course—and according to recent polls by Angus Reid, voters are overwhelmingly voting affirmative.
	www.cfr.org /publication/10538/colombias_elections.html (1836 words)

	Elections: Latin American Studies: Collections: SSHL
		Colombia 1989-1990: "Colombia’s history after it became a republic in 1830 is one of continual strife between the Liberals and Conservatives.
		Colombia’s property-owning elites and their representatives have managed to retain control over the political system essentially unchallenged by the representatives of the middle class or labor, let alone the peasantry" (pages 6-8).
		In 1986, Colombia had 311 principal congressmen, and an additional 311 alternate congressmen…The Senate is the upper house of Congress to which 112 principal members and an additional 112 alternate members are elected by popular vote for a four year term.
	sshl.ucsd.edu /collections/las/colombia/general.html (12648 words)

	U.S. Silent on Colombia’s Election Irregularities
		If we were to transplant the aforementioned hypothetical scenario to Colombia it would constitute a clear representation of that country’s electoral process.
		In the March 12 congressional elections, as has been the case in most of Colombia’s recent elections, the technical act of voting and vote counting were generally considered to be free and fair.
		Colombia’s electoral process is undermined by paramilitiaries who use violence and intimidation to determine which candidates can and cannot run in regions under their control and to ensure that their chosen candidates are elected.
	www.colombiajournal.org /colombia231.htm (1085 words)

	Colombia - The Electoral System
		Presidential elections in Colombia are held by direct popular vote every four years in April of even-numbered years.
		Elections for the delegates to the departmental and municipal assemblies are held every two years.
		The vote count is also overseen by a guarantees tribunal appointed by the president and consisting of the minister of government, the minister of communications, the national civic registrar, the national director of criminal rehabilitation, the director general of the National Police, and delegates from the political party leadership.
	countrystudies.us /colombia/85.htm (540 words)

	NewsHour Extra: Colombia's New President - May 22, 2002
		Colombia, a South American country where the international drug trade has fueled a bloody civil war for decades, is hoping the recent election of a new president will bring positive changes.
		Many of the election candidates had different proposals to end the flow of drugs and the country's 38-year-old civil war.
		Colombia is the source of 90 percent of the cocaine and much of the heroin used in the U.S. Before Colombia became our leading drug supplier, farms in other South American countries grew acres and acres of coca plants, the raw material from which cocaine is made.
	www.pbs.org /newshour/extra/features/jan-june02/colombia.html (472 words)

	Press Releases
		Bielsa, who headed the mission to Peru on the second-round election day, noted that in general the rules requiring an end to last-minute campaigning were respected and the authorities had responded appropriately to isolated incidents.
		The report presented by Perina said that the elections took place under normal conditions and that in the majority of places observed, citizens were able to freely exercise their right to vote.
		Presentation to the Permanent Council of the OAS of the Chief of the Electoral Observation Mission to the second round of the presidential elections in Peru, June 4, 2006
	www.oas.org /OASpage/press_releases/press_release.asp?sCodigo=E-146/06 (917 words)

	Colombia Elections Under the Gun
		As Colombia prepares for provincial and municipal elections on Oct. 29, Bastides is one of hundreds of candidates being pressured by armed groups battling for control of the strife-torn South American country.
		Seeking to strengthen their grip on large swaths of the countryside, guerrillas and rival right-wing paramilitary bands are resorting to death threats, kidnappings, and even assassinations to influence the outcome of the elections – which come at a critical juncture for Colombia.
		The voting – for town counselors, mayors, and governors – is seen as a test of Colombia's embattled democracy and an opportunity to attack the corruption and poverty that helps justify the rebel cause.
	www.washingtonpost.com /wp-srv/aponline/20001006/aponline055505_000.htm (598 words)

	Crimes Of War Project > Colombia: The Traffic of Terror
		Many policymakers continue to accord low political priority to Colombia (and Latin America generally), pay more attention to other trouble spots around the globe, and mistakenly believe that the agencies in charge of drug policy will somehow be able to take care of the problem.
		The Bush administration needs to get involved politically and diplomatically to help Colombians devise a strategy and build a national consensus to advance what is at best a shaky peace effort between the government and both the FARC and the country's second major rebel force, the ELN (National Liberation Army).
		With presidential elections in Colombia less than a year away, Pastrana cannot be expected to make much progress on this front before the end of his term.
	www.crimesofwar.org /colombia-mag/deep05.html (533 words)

	Colombia Human Rights Network Home Page
		Candidates in a municipal and provincial election set for Sunday were among those arrested in the oil-rich province on the border with Venezuela, Reuters reports.
		While on a visit to Washington, the commander of Colombia's armed forces, Gen. Jorge Enrique Mora, dismisses a recent taped interview in which three US military contractors captives said they didn't want the army to launch a rescue operation because they would likely die in the process.
		State Department officials report that pilots of the spray planes sent on a fatal mission to fumigate coca crops in Colombia were unaware of intelligence showing a heavy guerrilla presence in the targeted area, an internal U.S. government investigation found.
	colhrnet.igc.org /newitems/oct03/abcolwk.o27.htm (1853 words)

	ZNet \| Colombia \| The Colombian Elections
		The left vote was bigger, surprisingly, than in previous elections, despite the decimation of the left since the extermination of the Union Patriotica in the 1980s.
		The left candidate, Luis Eduardo Garzon seeks to use the coming presidential elections as a platform to debate and struggle against war and for political, social, and economic reform: he does not have a chance at winning the presidency.
		Athough the success of the elections is shown off as a defeat of the guerrilla-- and it is obvious the guerrilla was far from being able to stop them-- it is also obvious that the guerrillas have made military advances throughout the country in their attacks of recent weeks.
	www.zmag.org /content/Colombia/mondragon-col-elections.cfm (885 words)

	CNN.com - Opinion: Colombia, the nastiest elections in the world - October 27, 2000
		In Colombia, municipal and regional elections were held on Sunday October 29, although in some municipalities they were not even enough candidates.
		The "nastiness" of the U.S. election is nothing compared with Colombia's, where 20 candidates for mayors of various towns have already been killed this election season.
		It's difficult in Colombia to say just who has murdered anyone -- 98 percent of killings are never solved -- but the Colombian Federation of Mayors believes that many candidates have been killed by the factions involved in Colombia's nondeclared civil war as part of a bloody intimidation campaign.
	archives.cnn.com /2000/WORLD/americas/10/27/colombia.opinion (1120 words)

	BBC News \| AMERICAS \| Colombia guerrillas target elections
		Colombia's Marxist guerrillas have been conducting their own political campaign for Sunday's congressional elections.
		The prosecutor-general's office said on Friday that at least 100 candidates were under investigation and that more than 50 had criminal convictions - some for extortion and rape - which made them ineligible to take their seats should they be elected.
		But it is not believed that FARC is planning widespread disruption of the elections - certainly not in the 40% of the country it dominates where it can influence who is voted for.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/world/americas/1864267.stm (842 words)

	USATODAY.com - Leftist candidate surges on eve of Colombia presidential elections (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		BOGOTA, Colombia (AP) — Colombia stands out as an oasis of conservatism amid Latin America's growing legion of leftist leaders and Sunday's elections are unlikely to change that with President Alvaro Uribe expected to win by a landslide.
		Colombia's democratic left, long blemished by its association with the four-decade-old guerrilla insurgency, has been invigorated by the surprise performance of Sen. Carlos Gaviria, the candidate for the Alternative Democratic Pole party, or PDA.
		Key to Gaviria's popularity is his background as magistrate of Colombia's constitutional court — an institution esteemed like few others in Colombia as beyond the pale of corruptible politics.
	www.usatoday.com /news/world/2006-05-25-colombia_x.htm (849 words)

	Colombia’s Challenge from the Left
		On June 2, Colombia’s center-left Polo Democrático Independiente (PDI) announced that Senator Antonio Navarro Wolff would be the party’s candidate for the 2006 presidential election.
		Many Colombians are concerned that the Bush administration intends to use Colombia as a staging ground to undermine or overthrow the Chávez government.
		PDI candidate Mara Ortega believes it is crucial that she defeat the Uribista candidate in order to diminish the influence of President Uribe, and by extension the Bush administration, in the largest Colombian city that borders Venezuela’s oil-rich state of Zulia.
	www.colombiajournal.org /colombia210.htm (727 words)

	economist102800.html
		On the contrary: outside the cities, where most people live, irregular armies of left and right are trying to use the election to increase their power.
		But some analysts think that this year's elections will show, region by region and town by town, whether the left-wing guerrillas, their rightist paramilitary enemies, or the forces of the state are in control.
		In the areas they dominate, guerrillas and paramilitaries have used violence, or the threat of it, to ensure that their candidates-or candidates who promise to be pliant-are the only ones allowed to stand.
	www.globalexchange.org /countries/americas/colombia/economist102800.html (855 words)

	ELECTIONS-COLOMBIA: Campaign Marked by Threats
		In the March parliamentary elections, the leftist PDA took 10 percent of the vote, while Uribe's supporters and allies won 70 percent of seats in both houses of Congress.
		In Valencia's view, the election campaign has polarised the political field between ‘Uribistas' and ‘anti-Uribistas', and the former are nervous because the left is on the rise in the polls.
		The big loser in the elections is expected to be the Liberal Party, one of the country's two traditional parties, which is now polling behind the PDA.
	www.ipsnews.net /news.asp?idnews=33370 (1634 words)

	Presidential elections begin in Colombia with Uribe as favourite (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Bogota - Presidential elections in Colombia began Sunday as more than 220,000 soldiers and police officers had been deployed to secure polling stations across the country amid fears of attacks by leftist rebels.
		The elections are the first since the 19th Century in which an incumbent president is running for office, following a constitutional amendment at President Alvaro Uribe's behest.
		Polls ahead of Sunday's presidential election gave Uribe between 57 per cent and 61 per cent of the vote with his closest rival, Carlos Gaviria, of the Alternative Democratic Pole polling about 20 per cent followed by Horacio Serpa of the Liberal Party.
	news.monstersandcritics.com /southamerica/printer_1167695.php (209 words)

	BBC NEWS \| World \| Americas \| Colombia elections: Key contenders
		There is also the perception that, while clean and able, Ms Sanin is not the person to stand up to the warring factions and impose some sort of order in the anarchy that dominates all too much of the country.
		Born into a middle class family of 15 children, Ms Sanin and her party "Yes Colombia" has support from differing sectors of the populace, but has only managed to poll 9% of the vote in the last survey, and is now fighting for third place with the left wing political aspirant, Luis Eduardo Garzón.
		Whilst all the other candidates are most often seen in executive suits, Lucho still wears a polo neck and suede jacket and his campaign style is more at home in smoke-filled student halls, where he reasons and argues his case with quiet confidence and dry wit.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/world/americas/1998231.stm (816 words)

	CNN - Colombia prepares for elections despite violence - March 7, 1998
		In the run-up to the election, the guerrillas of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia, known as FARC, kidnapped three congressional candidates and 10 local mayors.
		In the past week, rebels claimed to have killed 80 soldiers in a remote southern jungle, apparently the worst defeat for the military since it began fighting the rebels 35 years ago.
		Analysts said the elections are unlikely to bring any major changes to Congress, with the ruling Liberal Party likely to retain its majority, and the main opposition party, the Conservatives, commanding a respectable majority.
	www.cnn.com /WORLD/9803/07/colombia/index.html (386 words)

	The Killing Train: Colombia is on the move - May 15, May 28 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Colombia is not the country we have dreamed of.
		It is a direct response to the strengthening of peacful, democratic political processes in Colombia under the Indigenous and Popular Mandate, which includes peasant, indigenous, unions, women's movements, and all popular sectors.
		Colombia is awake and aware that we are in a moment that will define our history.
	www.killingtrain.com /archives/000498.html (1484 words)

	People's Weekly World - Elections in Colombia
		In an election where only 45 percent of the electorate went to the polls, the right-wing candidate, Alvaro Uribe, was elected president of Colombia on May 26.
		Calling it an act of “arrogance and reaffirming control and command” the Communist Party of Colombia (CPC) criticized U.S. Ambassador Anne Paterson for joining Uribe while the votes were still being counted and none of the other candidates had yet conceded the election.
		The CPC responded to the elections saying, “The power of money, of being flmailed with fear and the manipulation of the media has enthroned a president” who has “neofascist concepts of order and security.” The CPC statement continued that despite this, Garzon’s campaign “succeeded in consolidating a sector of public opinion...
	www.pww.org /article/articleprint/1342 (567 words)

	Bush "democracy At Work; Exporting Crooked, Rigged Elections to Colombia and Peru (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		On May 28, we're supposed to believe the Colombian people rejected a more moderate or democratic alternative and instead chose to reelect right wing hard-liner and close Bush ally Alvaro Uribe Velez who had to arrange for the constitution to be changed to allow him to run in the first place.
		For many weeks before the Colombian and Peruvian elections, CIA, National Endowment for Democracy (NED), US Agency for International Development (USAID) and International Republican Institute (IRI) operatives were all over both countries setting in place the process needed to assure both their candidates won regardless of whether the majority of people wanted them.
		This is nothing new as the US has a long history of staging "demonstration elections" (as Edward S. Herman brilliantly documented in his book by that title), particularly in Latin America.
	www.opednews.com /articles/opedne_stephen__060607_colombian_and_peruvi.htm (845 words)

	Elections, Reflecting Rightward Course, Buoy Colombian Leader
		BOGOTÁ, Colombia, March 13 — While much of South America has veered to the political left, Colombia has taken a sharp turn to the right as voting results Monday showed a right-of-center coalition sweeping congressional elections.
		With 94 percent of the votes counted on Monday, 61 percent of the Senate's 102 seats and 57 percent of the 166 seats in the lower house had gone to supporters of Mr.
		Uribe, a technocrat with a populist streak, is very likely to win a majority in the first round of voting in the May 28 presidential election, beating the leading opposition candidate, Horacio Serpa of the Liberal Party, to secure another four-year term.
	www.globalexchange.org /countries/americas/colombia/3813.html (485 words)

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