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Topic: Elections in France

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	Elections in France - Ministère des Affaires étrangères
		The purpose of regional elections is to elect the members of the regional councils, the region’s decision-making organ.
		France was the first country to legislate for gender parity in political life.
		Elections not affected by either provision of the Act of 6 June 2000 are uninominal ballots, municipal elections in communes with fewer than 3,500 inhabitants, cantonal elections and elections to the senate in departments
	www.diplomatie.gouv.fr /en/france_159/discovering-france_2005/france-from-to-z_1978/institutions-and-politics_1985/elections-in-france_5454/index.html (3671 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Elections in France (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Elections not affected by either provision of the Act of 6 June 2000 are uninominal ballots, municipal elections in communes with fewer than 3,500 inhabitants, cantonal elections and elections to the senate in departments
		France elects on its national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature: Queen Elizabeth II, is the Head of State of 16 countries including: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, Jamaica, New Zealand, the Bahamas, as well as crown colonies and overseas territories of the United Kingdom.
		Elections for the president and national assembly were rescheduled to be within a month of each other to prevent a president taking power and - two years into his term - being pitted against a legislature dominated by his political rivals.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Elections-in-France (3657 words)

	Embassy of France in the US - Elections in France
		General or legislative elections are held to choose the 577 deputies who sit in the National Assembly; they are elected for a five-year term by direct universal suffrage on the two-ballot, uninominal majority system.
		In senatorial elections, the 321 members of the Senate are elected by indirect universal suffrage by an electoral college in each department made up of deputies, general councillors, regional councillors and representatives of the municipal councils.
		In order to avoid the election outcome being influenced by public opinion polls, which have become increasingly important in French politics, their findings may not be published during the week before a ballot.
	info-france-usa.org /atoz/elect_nat.asp (1402 words)

	Elections in France - Definition, explanation
		France elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature:
		However, the elections for the president of the Republic and the parliament are overseen by the Constitutional Council, which has at its disposal, for the duration of the election, extra personnel (including judges from courts of first instance) to perform necessary checks.
		The Council may declare parts or total of an election to be invalid if the rules were not followed, in a manner that may have altered the result; it is the sole authority for proclaiming the final official results.
	www.calsky.com /lexikon/en/txt/e/el/elections_in_france.php (832 words)

	General elections in france 9/16 june 2002
		Although these two elections are typified by landslide victories, by the Right in 1968 and the Left in 1981, the same goes for the 1993 elections with victory for the Right, whereas the percentage of constituencies undergoing a second vote was one of the highest during the V Republic.
		The fight for the general elections seems to be increasing in ferocity, which is in line with the growing influence of the penalty vote in preference of a second vote.
		The 2002 elections bear witness to a decline in the number of constituencies involved in a second vote (50,1%, ie 90% of mainland constituencies), ie a comparable or closer level to the one reached in 1958 (91.61%), in 1973 (90%), in 1978 (88%) and in 1993 (87%).
	www.robert-schuman.org /anglais/oee/france/resultats/default2.htm (2478 words)

	Embassy of France in the US - Elections in France
		Elections are major events in the political life of the country.
		Except for Senate elections, voting is by direct universal suffrage and there are just over 41 million electors (out of a total population of 60 million).
		The conditions candidates must fulfil are the same for all elections except as regards the minimum age, which varies according to the mandate sought (they must be 18 to run for municipal councillor, 21 for regional councillor, 23 for National Assembly deputy or President of the Republic and 35 for Senator).
	www.ambafrance-us.org /atoz/elections_france.asp (307 words)

	Embassy of France in the US - Elections in France
		Elections are major events in the political life of the country.
		Except for Senate elections, voting is by direct universal suffrage and there are just over 41 million electors (out of a total population of 60 million).
		The conditions candidates must fulfil are the same for all elections except as regards the minimum age, which varies according to the mandate sought (they must be 18 to run for municipal councillor, 21 for regional councillor, 23 for National Assembly deputy or President of the Republic and 35 for Senator).
	www.info-france-usa.org /atoz/elections_france.asp (307 words)

	Guardian \| Elections in France
		France's constitution was not designed to accommodate such a split, and it led to a form of uneasy power sharing known as "cohabitation".
		It continued the downturn that began with the presidential election, when the socialists were left in disarray as Lionel Jospin, the incumbent prime minister and third-placed candidate, handed in his resignation and Mr Chirac appointed a rightwinger, Jean-Pierre Raffarin, as interim prime minister.
		However, this could be due to the first round of the national assembly election being the third out of four to be held in less than two months.
	www.guardian.co.uk /print/0,3858,4395307-103701,00.html (770 words)

	- iab - IAB France
		Elections de l’IAB France : les résultats !
		Dans le cadre de son colloque du 19 octobre, l’IAB France en partenariat avec l’Union des Annonceurs (UDA) a présenté la deuxième partie de l’étude sur la perception et les attentes des annonceurs vis-à-vis de l’Internet.
		Afin de proposer une alternative aux formats publicitaires intrusifs, l’IAB France propose chaque année des recommandations à adopter par les acteurs de l’e-pub.
	www.iabfrance.com (622 words)

	France begins elections uncertain of its future (Site not responding. Last check: )
		PARIS (AP) - A France uncertain about its future headed into today's first-round legislative elections, with leaders on the left and right worried that an expected large number of protest votes and abstentions could tip the scale either way.
		Though most polls indicated the right would manage to hang onto its parliamentary majority, they also indicated up to a third of the nation's 39 million voters were either undecided or could shun the ballot box.
		More than 30 percent of voters stayed away from the polls in the last two parliamentary elections in 1988, won by the left, and in 1993, when the right won its existing 80 percent majority.
	www.lubbockonline.com /news/052597/france.htm (261 words)

	France - IBWiki
		France is a democracy organised as vertically centralised semi-presidential republic.
		The Elections of 2007 are drawing significant attention both nationally and internationally, as Ségolène Royal, Nicolas Sarkozy and a possible bid for a third-term by incumbent Jacques Chirac, which has hence been refuted by Chirac.
		France's geography varies between the high mountains of the Alps to the East and the volcanic Massif Central, to the rolling hills of the Côte d'Or, and the alluvial flood plains of the Garonne, the Seine and the Loire.
	ib.frath.net /w/France (1429 words)

	résultats des élections législatives en France
		During the campaign for the first round of the presidential election 2002, the ideological and programmatic stakes revealed less difference between the right from the leftwing than between the right and the left amongst themselves.
		April, to that of the last European elections, but remembering that there is a great difference from the presidential election due to the voting methods and the stakes at play.
		France's role in the European Union could not be upheld in the long term.
	www.robert-schuman.org /anglais/oee/france/resultats/default.htm (2778 words)

	Election Resources on the Internet: Presidential Elections in France
		In May 1958, France seemed to be on the verge of civil war, as the leaders of the Fourth Republic appeared unable to agree on the formation of a new government to deal with the worsening crisis in Algeria, which had sparked a military insurrection.
		Although the process was carried out in a manner contrary to the provisions of the 1958 constitution, French voters nonetheless approved the measure in an October 1962 referendum, by 13,150,516 votes in favor (62.3%) to 7,974,538 against (37.7%), on a 77% turnout.
		The election was also a disaster for the Communist Party: its presidential candidate, Robert Hue, not only lost about two-thirds of the votes he had won in 1995, but on top of that two far-left candidates - Arlette Laguiller of Workers' Struggle (LO) and Olivier Besancenot of the Communist Revolutionary League (LCR) - outpolled him.
	electionresources.org /fr (1939 words)

	Chirac and Raffarin suffer a crushing defeat in regional elections
		These elections in France, like the recent events which have shaken Spain in recent weeks, are further proof of the growing social and political instability of the present epoch.
		The defeat inflicted on the capitalist parties is a transfer onto the political plane of the movement of strikes and demonstrations which took place on a massive scale last spring in relation to the struggle against the attacks on pensions.
		This election victory was an extension of the strike movement in the preceding period, and it will serve in turn to reinforce the morale and the fighting spirit of the workers in the trade union struggles which lie ahead.
	www.marxist.com /Europe/french_elections0304.html (1534 words)

	ZNet Commentary: France Between Elections: Beware Of Logos (Site not responding. Last check: )
		France has finished two rounds of voting for President, with Jacques Chirac elected to another term (five years this time).
		Charles de Gaulle, architect of the Fifth Republic, never thought that elections would produce a right-left (or left-right) split between the presidency and the legislative assembly; "it will be us or the Communists," he assured his nation.
		It should be noted--as Klein fails to do--that all representatives of the Arab and Islamic communities in France have denounced these attacks on Jewish sites, which have come from disaffected kids in the poverty-ridden equivalent of inner-cities in the United States (in France, they are mainly suburban belts).
	www.zmag.org /sustainers/content/2002-05/15duboff.cfm (1201 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Nomination
		The custom of election of bishops by chapters, which was the common law of the thirteenth century, left, officially, no opening for royal interference, but princes none the less endeavoured to have their candidates elected.
		While in Germany the Concordat of 1448 re-established capitular elections, in France, on the contrary, after the difficulties consequent upon the Pragmatic Sanction of Bourges (1438), the quarrel ended with the Concordat of 1516.
		In this instrument we find the right of nomination guaranteed to the kings of France for consistorial benefices, bishoprics, abbacies, and priorates; and thence the arrangement passed into most of the subsequent concordats, including that of 1801 (cf.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/11093a.htm (707 words)

	Conservatives Routed in French Elections - France.com
		President Jacques Chirac and his ruling conservative party suffered a crushing defeat in regional midterm elections Sunday, with the opposition Socialists, and their Green and Communist allies seizing control of the vast majority of regional councils.
		The results marked a sharp rebuke for the government's attempts to reform France's costly health care, pension and education systems.
		Chirac's party was expected to lose a number of regional councils after its poor showing in last week's first round of voting.
	www.france.com /docs/411.html (186 words)

	Political Shocker in France
		Yesterday was the first round of voting for the presidential elections in France.
		And instead of the expected runoff between Jacques Chirac (the conservative president) and Lionel Jospin (the socialist prime minister) in two weeks, this will be an unexpected duel between the current president and the extreme-right leader (you'll find his name in the story: I cannot even type it).
		It is a very sad day for France and for all the people who live in and/or like France.
	www.primidi.com /stories/2002/04/22/politicalShockerInFrance.html (202 words)

	Elections and Electoral Systems by Country
		The Center for Voting and Democracy is dedicated to fair elections where every vote counts and all voters are represented.
		Adam Carr's Electoral Archive has complete (ie, seat by seat) federal elections statistics from 1901 (federation) to the present, and statistics for all Australian state elections since 1990.
		Elections New Zealand is the website for the Electoral Enrolment Centre, Chief Electoral Office and the Electoral Commission, and has election results
	www.psr.keele.ac.uk /election.htm (1418 words)

	Electoral Panorama / Panorama Electoral: Presidential Elections in France
		France will be holding a presidential election next year, on April 22, 2007.
		Presidential election results since 1965 are now available in Part I of Presidential Elections in France.
		The presidential election in France may still be five months away, but the race for the Élysée Palace is already beginning to take shape.
	electionresources.org /panorama/2006/11/presidential-elections-in-france.html (221 words)

	French Government
		Elections are organised over two Sundays; the last elections were held on May 25 and June 1, 1997.
		The last election for all regions was held on March 15, 1998.
		The last referendum to be held in France was on September 20, 1992, to obtain community support for the Maastricht Treaty.
	www.discoverfrance.net /France/DF_govt2.shtml (640 words)

	France
		France has been slow to get onto the web for two reasons: first, many outspoken French political leaders have decried the web as an invasion of American culture, and because the French government developed its own Minitel system which until recently led the United States in online commerce.
		The Ministry of the Interior is not the equivalent of the US Department of the Interior; it is in charge of police and law enforcement in France.
		France's suspicion of the American lifestyle must of necessity wane.
	www.iup.edu /politicalscience/courses/ps280/H-franc1.htm (944 words)

	TheGantelope: France: Iraqi elections "success of int'l community"
		The high participation rate of the Iraqis in their elections is "a piece of good news" and a "success for the international community", French government's spokesman Jean-Francois Cope said at the French private Europe 1 radio on Sunday.
		The Coalition whose actions France has bitterly opposed nearly every step of the way, and whose legitimacy France has taken great pains to undermine.
		It was actually the Iraqi people who made it possible, whom France has barely lifted a finger to help since the fall of Saddam.
	www.thegantelope.com /archives/000388.html (221 words)

	YouTube - OBSU Elections - Video Manifesto: Bryony France
		Join YouTube for a free account, or log in if you are already a member.
		View the video manifesto of Bryony France who is running for the position of VP: Academic Affairs in the Oxford Brookes Students' Union sabbatical elections.
		oxford brookes students' union elections bryony france vp academic affairs
	www.youtube.com /watch?v=O9lHmgMPSG4 (273 words)

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