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Topic: Elections in Laos

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List of political parties in Laos

Politics of Laos

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	Laos - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Lao People's Democratic Republic is a landlocked country in Southeast Asia, bordered by Myanmar (commonly known in the west as Burma) and the People's Republic of China to the northwest, Vietnam to the east, Cambodia to the south, and Thailand to the west.
		The early history of Laos was dominated by the wider Nanzhao kingdom, which was succeeded in the 14th century by the local kingdom of Lan Xang that lasted until its decline in the 18th century, after which Thailand assumed control of the separate principalities that remained.
		Laos is a landlocked country in Southeast Asia and the thickly forested landscape consists mostly of rugged mountains, the highest of which is Phou Bia at 2,817 m, with some plains and plateaus.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Laos (1475 words)

	History of Laos (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Laos was not granted full sovereignty until the French defeat by the Vietnamese and the subsequent Geneva peace conference in 1954.
		Elections were held in 1955, and the first coalition government, led by Prince Souvanna Phouma, was formed in 1957.
		For nearly a decade, Laos was subjected to the heaviest bombing in the history of warfare, as the U.S. sought to destroy the Ho Chi Minh Trail that passed through eastern Laos.
	www.asia-handicrafts.com /about_laos/laos_history.htm (780 words)

	Elections in Laos - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Elections in Laos gives information on election and election results in Laos.
		This means that only one political party, the Revolutionary People's Party of Laos is legally allowed to hold effective power.
		At the last elections, 24 february 2002, this party won 108 seats.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Elections_in_Laos (102 words)

	Background Notes: Laos
		Laos is a poor, landlocked country with a real per capita GDP of less than $170, a grossly inadequate economic infra-structure, and a largely uneducated workforce.
		Lao authorities began to realize as early as 1979 that their economic policies were inappropriate, but not until 1985, with the introduction of the "new economic mechanism" (NEM), did they initiate major reforms.
		Laos has been close to the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe and is an observer at the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance, the Soviet-bloc economic organization.
	dosfan.lib.uic.edu /ERC/bgnotes/eap/laos9103.html (2315 words)

	The World Factbook 2004 -- Field Listing - Background
		International observers judged local elections in 2001 to be acceptable and a step toward democratic development, but identified serious deficiencies which should be addressed through reforms in the Albanian electoral code.
		Free and peaceful elections in 1999 resulted in a government led by an Indo-Fijian, but a coup in May of 2000 ushered in a prolonged period of political turmoil.
		Democratic elections in 1974 and a referendum created a parliamentary republic and abolished the monarchy; Greece joined the European Community or EC in 1981 (which became the EU in 1992).
	www.brainyatlas.com /fields/2028.html (15472 words)

	Laos (10/04)
		Laos traces its first recorded history and its origins as a unified state to the emergence of the Kingdom of Lan Xang (literally, "million elephants") in 1353.
		For nearly a decade, Laos was subjected to extremely heavy bombing as the U.S. sought to destroy the portion of the Ho Chi Minh Trail that passed through eastern Laos.
		Laos is a poor, landlocked country with an inadequate infrastructure and a largely unskilled work force.
	www.state.gov /r/pa/ei/bgn/2770.htm (3013 words)

	OnlineWomen: Laos
		The most immediate challenge facing the Lao PDR is to consolidate strong and consistent stabilization measures and renew the reform effort to strengthen and continue the positive trends.
		Lao women were allowed to vote and stand for election in 1958.
		In the 1997 elections, women increased their representation in the National Assembly from 9 percent to 21 percent, as 20 of the 27 female candidates won seats bringing the number of women-parliamentarians at 21.
	www.onlinewomeninpolitics.org /laos/laomain.htm (800 words)

	Politics of Laos - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This National Assembly, expanded in 1997 elections to 99 members, approves all new laws, although the executive branch retains authority to issue binding decrees.
		A variety of different groups have claimed responsibility including the Committee for Independence and Democracy in Laos and Lao Citizens Movement for Democracy.
		elections: president elected by the National Assembly for a five-year term; election last held 21 December 1997 (next to be held NA 2002); prime minister appointed by the president with the approval of the National Assembly for a five-year term
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Politics_of_Laos (658 words)

	BBC News \| Despatches \| Little choice for voters in Laos elections
		Elections are taking place in Laos on Sunday for the country's 99 seat National Assembly.
		The Lao government has declared Sunday's elections an historic event, which will mark what it calls a milestone in the country's development.
		It's an election without a contest and the result is a foregone conclusion.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/despatches/41310.stm (324 words)

	We the Laotian People - The Laos Institute of Democracy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Laos Congressional and Legislative Leadership Conference (LCLLC) will host an all day session on Monday, February 4, 2002, for the purpose of national and international leadership development, training and education regarding the nation of Laos and current and upcoming legislative, political and diplomatic issues of concern to the United States and the international community.
		Particularly in Laos, current and pending dam projects are being used as cover to evict village people from intended reservoir areas and from upland watersheds.
		The Lao Communist Government also violated article 26 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which provides that everyone has the right to educationâ€¦Technical and professional education shall be made generally available and higher education shall be equally accessible to all on the basis of merit.
	www.laosdemocracy.com /press/press_release.htm (2209 words)

	WORLD ENCYCLOPAEDIA - Laos - The 1958 Elections (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The stunning success of the LPF and its allies in winning thirteen of the twenty-one seats contested in the May 4, 1958, elections to the National Assembly changed the political atmosphere in Vientiane.
		In the wake of the election fiasco, Washington concentrated on finding alternatives to Souvanna Phouma's strategy of winning over the Pathet Lao and on building up the Royal Lao Army as the only cohesive nationalist force capable of dealing with the communists' united front tactics.
		Washington, which was paying the entire salary cost of the Royal Lao Army, was enthusiastic about the "young turks" of the CDNI.
	encyclopaedic.net /world/laos/23.php (494 words)

	Telegram from Walter Bedell Smith to Secretary of State Dulles on the Negotiations in Geneva, 17 July 1954
		On elections in Vietnam, he said question was whether to fix firm date now (repeat now) (Soviets had proposed June 1955) or whether, as French proposed, to settle now (repeat now) only manner in which date would be set.
		Elections in Laos and Cambodia already provided for in constitutions for August and September 1955, respectively.
		He observed that questions of elections and demarcation line had been discussed together and might be linked in sense that conceivably one party might yield on one question and another party on other.
	www.mtholyoke.edu /acad/intrel/pentagon/doc82.htm (802 words)

	~ laoconnection.com - Advice Column
		More importantly as reported in the news, the early elections are suppose to bring more transparency to the government and increase the democratic voting process.
		Additionally, the early elections are said to help reinforce Laos' willingness to change and to help please donor aid countries.
		The election is also a part of the national development plan and reforms.
	laoconnection.com /advice_020218.htm (238 words)

	A Visit to Laos, by Noam Chomsky
		Asked whether the Pathet Lao were attempting to build a clandestine organization within Vientiane to exploit such grievances and plan for an ultimate take-over, he said that to his knowledge they were not, but that there was also no necessity to do so.
		He referred to the elections of 1958, the only real elections ever held in Laos, in which the NLHS, the political party of the Pathet Lao, had done very well in Vientiane, and he asserted that these sympathies would once again be revealed if honest elections could be held.
		In the 1958 elections, of twenty-one seats contested for the National Assembly, nine were won by the Neo Lao Hak Sat (NLHS) and four by the candidates of the Committee for Peace and Neutrality of Quinim Pholsena, a "left-leaning neutralist" allied with the NLHS.
	www.chomsky.info /articles/19700723.htm (14086 words)

	Elections in Laos (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Laos ( Laotian : Lao) is a country in East Asia.
		Laos has a population of around 5,9 million on 230,800 km².
		Freedom House rated the country on political rights with a 7 and on civil rights with a 6, both on a scale of 1 to 7 (in which 1 is the most free).
	www.electionworld.org /laos.htm (202 words)

	Laos - INDEPENDENCE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		This commission produced a document confirming the existence of a unified Laos under the sovereignty of the king of Louangphrabang.
		Elections for a Constituent Assembly were to be held within a year.
		The multinational conciliation commission that examined Thailand's claims to these territories found in favor of Laos in its report of June 27, 1947.
	www.countrystudies.us /laos/16.htm (124 words)

	Asiaweek.com \| From Our Correspondent: Elections in Laos \| 11/21/2000
		This was partly because I was up in Laos taking a look at the problem of the unexploded ordnance (UXO) that litters almost the entire country — somewhere between 200,000 and 600,000 tons of the stuff.
		Laos is one of the most sparsely populated countries in Asia, and, thanks to Uncle Sam, probably the most bombed nation in the world.
		In Laos, casualties are lower, but half the population was displaced by the aerial bombardment and resettlement remains a major problem to this day because of the serious UXO contamination.
	www.asiaweek.com /asiaweek/foc/2000/11/21 (1158 words)

	The Pentagon Papers, Chapter 3, second section, "The Geneva Conference, May-July, 1954"
		Regarding Laos and Cambodia, Chou thought regroupment areas for the insurgents would be necessary, but reiterated that national unity was the affair of the royal governments; he hoped the resistance elements might find a place in the national life of their respective countries.
		Irresolution over Cambodia and Laos, a continuing wide gap between French and Viet Minh positions on the partition line, and no progress on the control and supervision dilemma were the highlights of the generally dismal scene that greeted General Smith on his return July 16 to the negotiating wars.
		Elections in Laos were scheduled for September 1955, and former Pathet Lao were promised the right to participate in the balloting as electors or candidates.
	www.mtholyoke.edu /acad/intrel/pentagon/pent8.htm (14622 words)

	Senate Bill (S) 240 on Laos: Peace, Democracy, Human Rights for Laos (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Resolution S-240 on Laos is an attempt to bring, promote and develop a true peace, freedom, democracy, human rights and national reconciliation to people in Laos based upon the Geneva Agreement on Laos of 1962; Paris Peace Agreements on Indochina of 1973; and the Vientiane Peace Agreement on Laos of 1973.
		The Communist Lao government has been violating the Charter of the United Nations, Universal Declaration of Human Rights, international human rights and refugee laws, treaties and conventions, and the Geneva Peace Agreement on Laos of 1962, Paris Peace Agreements on Indochina of 1973, and the Vientiane Peace Agreement on Laos of 1973.
		The people in Laos do not need war, genocide, oppression, biological and chemical weapons, disease and hunger and Communism and corruption which are committed by the current Communist Lao government in Laos.
	www.laohumrights.org /98AUG7.html (654 words)

	ASIAN PACIFIC LEAGUE FOR FREEDOM AND DEMOCRACY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Whereas the communists took over Laos in December 1975 in violation of the 1962 Declaration on the Neutrality of Laos and its Protocol, as well as the 1973 Vientiane Agreement on Laos, Thus abolishing constitutional monarchy, along with the Provisional Government of National Unity;
		Whereas Lao people abroad have set up the "Assembly of Lao Representatives Abroad" to intensify their struggle for peace, freedom, democracy, human rights and for the return to Laos with security an dignity, under the leadership of the Lao Royal Family in exile;
		(6) establish permanent talks with the representatives of Lao people abroad, such as the Lao Royal Family, via governments of countries favourable to peace and development of Laos, in order to institute a process of democracy, human rights, and openly-contested free and fair elections in Laos.
	www.laosnet.org /fa-ngum/pacificleague.htm (329 words)

	LaosFreedom (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		A Special Session of the Congressional Forum on Laos will be hosted in the U.S. Congress on Tuesday, February 5, 2002, from 11:30 A.M.-3:00 P.M., regarding the Upcoming Elections in Laos and the Status of Non-Communist Laotian Opposition and Minority Groups.
		Key traditional and modern elements of Laotian society and non-communist opposition parties who seek to participate in the elections in Laos are blocked-- and their activities are deemed illegal in Laos.
		Currently, despite pledges for political and social reform, the Communist party in Laos appears to seek to maintain a monopoly on political power and to intensify its persecution of opposition, minority and student groups.
	www.freelao.org /61us_con22.html (384 words)

	Elections législatives du 24 février 2002 au Laos
		Elections législatives du 24 février 2002 au Laos
		Le nombre des femmes et des minorités ethniques reste sensiblement le même: 134 hommes pour 32 femmes (contre 132 pour 28 en 1997), 114 Lao Loum, 36 Lao Theung et 16 Lao Soung (contre respectivement 113, 29 et 18).
		Des centaines de Laotiens ont disparu ou essaient de se raccrocher à la vie dans diverses prisons du Laos pour avoir appelé pacifiquement à un Laos démocratique.
	www.radicalparty.org /lao/reports/rep_elections.htm (1830 words)

	Anti-Communist Demonstration in Vientiane, Laos, November 1999 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Reliable sources in Laos reported that more than 100 Laotian college and university students, teachers and professors and other people were arrested and imprisoned by the Communist Lao government by November 5, 1999.
		Now, the Communist Lao government is closely watching many students, teachers and professors at the Dong Dok National University and the Vientiane High School and many people in other places in the Laotian capital.
		Witnesses in Laos reported that many Communist leaders and officials have been using foreign assistance and money and properties of Lao people for personal purposes and investment.
	www.laohumrights.org /99novrel.html (605 words)

	LaosFreedom (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		These so-called "elections" in Laos, as they are currently structured, are not at all real-they appear to be simply an absurd Communist hoax and will likely be a cruel joke inflicted upon the Lao people and international community unless the truth about their unfairness is exposed.
		The U.S. Congressional Forum on Laos will be held on Thursday, November 22, 2001 in the U.S. Congress regarding the Pathet Lao's plans for elections in Laos in 2002 and for other purposes.
		Members of the U.S. Congress as well as and Lao and Hmong leaders from across the United States are expected to attend and participate in the U.S. Congressional Forum on Laos.
	www.freelao.org /61forum1101.html (354 words)

	Congressional Forum on Laos (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Pending World Bank Financing For Dam Projects in Laos: Lao PDR Government, and multinational corporate, efforts and obstacles in securing the upcoming final approval this year for over $1.1 billion in World Bank and International Financing for the construction of "Super Dam" hydro-electrics in Laos.
		2002 Elections: A historical and political analysis of the upcoming elections in Laos as well as current issues and challenges regarding these elections, slated for early 2002.
		In United States, Lao and Hmong-Americans continue to be positive and patriotic members of their communities.
	vientianetimes.com /Stories/12172001_congressional_forum_on_laos.html (358 words)

	Government, Politics, Law: Laos (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The results of the most recent elections held in the country are available, as well as links to related Web sites on politics in Laos.
		Contains population, education, other data on Hmong in U.S.; photographs proving genocide going on in Laos; some of the written reports of human rights violations on the site are in the Lao language as well as in English.
		It lists the heads of state and government, has images of the Lao flag in different periods of history, includes maps, has the English text of the national anthem, chronology, as well as era names.
	loc.gov /rr/international/corc.oclc.org/WebZ/XPathfinderQuerydc23.html (798 words)

	Laos Elections News - Media Monitoring Service by EIN News
		National League for Democracy won a landslide election victory in 1990 only to be denied...
		The announcement was made by the Laos Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Somsavat...
		Laos clamps down on security to prepare for Asia security meeting(updated AM 11:22)
	www.einnews.com /laos/newsfeed-LaosElections (954 words)

	List of political parties in Laos - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Political parties in Laos lists political parties in Laos.
		This means that only one political party, the Lao People's Revolutionary Party is legally allowed to hold effective power.
		Index of political parties to browse parties by name
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Laos (104 words)

	Cambodia: Facts, Figures and Statistics
		The current Prime Minister is Hun Sen. The first democratically elected leader in recent times, Norodom Ranariddh, was overthrown in a coup staged by Hun Sen in July 1997.
		Hun Sen was subsequently elected Prime Minister in elections in July 1998, but the elections were severely flawed by a climate of violence and intimidation.
		Elections in 2003, though still far from perfect, were less violent than earlier polls.
	www.mekong.net /cambodia/facts.htm (326 words)

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